本文關(guān)鍵詞： 電磁驅(qū)動(dòng) 磁流體 流體力學(xué) 動(dòng)力學(xué) 有限元分析 優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)　出處：《廣西科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：粉粒物料運(yùn)輸車(chē)自動(dòng)卸料系統(tǒng)所用的電磁驅(qū)動(dòng)器,要求其驅(qū)動(dòng)力較大,且安裝空間有限,這些條件決定了電磁驅(qū)動(dòng)器的改進(jìn)方向?yàn)轵?qū)動(dòng)力更大、體積更小。電磁驅(qū)動(dòng)器的性能特點(diǎn)主要體現(xiàn)在其驅(qū)動(dòng)力、響應(yīng)時(shí)間以及其尺寸和重量幾方面。對(duì)電磁驅(qū)動(dòng)器的改進(jìn)研究目的就是使其驅(qū)動(dòng)力更大,尺寸更小,響應(yīng)時(shí)間的需求則要滿(mǎn)足電磁驅(qū)動(dòng)器安裝場(chǎng)合要求。電磁驅(qū)動(dòng)器的尺寸設(shè)計(jì)方法已經(jīng)比較成熟,但由于磁漏的不可避免,現(xiàn)有的電磁驅(qū)動(dòng)器結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)已經(jīng)很難再提高其性能,需運(yùn)用其他方法對(duì)電磁驅(qū)動(dòng)器進(jìn)行改進(jìn)。磁流體即具有液體的流動(dòng)性,又具有固體磁性材料的特性,將其加入電磁驅(qū)動(dòng)器工作間隙的介質(zhì)中,整個(gè)電磁驅(qū)動(dòng)器磁路的磁阻就會(huì)降低,對(duì)磁路的利用率就會(huì)增加,電磁驅(qū)動(dòng)器的性能就會(huì)大幅度提高。利用麥克斯韋吸力公式建立基本方程來(lái)建立電磁驅(qū)動(dòng)器的數(shù)學(xué)模型,由吸力數(shù)學(xué)模型可得出電磁力與介質(zhì)磁導(dǎo)率的關(guān)系以及在不同的介質(zhì)磁導(dǎo)率下電磁力隨銜鐵位移的變化關(guān)系。電磁驅(qū)動(dòng)器的響應(yīng)時(shí)間則可利用動(dòng)力學(xué)方程來(lái)計(jì)算,將動(dòng)力學(xué)方程整合后輸出Matlab解出數(shù)值解即可得銜鐵位移與時(shí)間的關(guān)系圖,由此確定電磁驅(qū)動(dòng)器的響應(yīng)時(shí)間。同時(shí)由類(lèi)似方程求解出未加入磁流體的電磁驅(qū)動(dòng)器的銜鐵位移與時(shí)間的關(guān)系圖,可對(duì)比出帶磁流體的電磁驅(qū)動(dòng)器的性能差別。利用有限元分析軟件Ansys對(duì)電磁驅(qū)動(dòng)器進(jìn)行有限元參數(shù)化分析。針對(duì)其他參數(shù)相同的電磁驅(qū)動(dòng)器,當(dāng)銜鐵與軛鐵之間的介質(zhì)磁導(dǎo)率不同時(shí),求解出響應(yīng)的吸力大小,對(duì)數(shù)值計(jì)算結(jié)果進(jìn)行復(fù)核。電磁驅(qū)動(dòng)器的優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)將其體積作為目標(biāo)函數(shù),經(jīng)過(guò)對(duì)電磁力及磁感應(yīng)強(qiáng)度的公式推導(dǎo),建立其體積優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)的數(shù)學(xué)模型,運(yùn)用網(wǎng)格搜索法對(duì)電磁驅(qū)動(dòng)器的尺寸結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化。通過(guò)對(duì)帶磁流體的電磁驅(qū)動(dòng)器的數(shù)值模擬以及有限元分析,得出加入磁導(dǎo)率相對(duì)于空氣更大磁流體后,電磁驅(qū)動(dòng)器的吸力會(huì)大幅度增加,同樣輸出力的加入磁流體的電磁驅(qū)動(dòng)器相對(duì)于傳統(tǒng)電磁驅(qū)動(dòng)器擁有更少的線(xiàn)圈匝數(shù),故能達(dá)到減小裝置尺寸的目的,但加入磁流體的電磁驅(qū)動(dòng)器的動(dòng)作時(shí)間比較長(zhǎng),結(jié)構(gòu)比較復(fù)雜。經(jīng)過(guò)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)后的電磁驅(qū)動(dòng)器既能滿(mǎn)足其性能要求,又能符合體積最小的優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則。
[Abstract]:The electromagnetic driver used in the automatic unloading system of the powder material transport vehicle requires a large driving force and limited installation space. These conditions determine that the direction of improvement of the electromagnetic driver is more driving force. The performance of electromagnetic actuator is mainly reflected in its driving force, response time, size and weight. The purpose of improving electromagnetic driver is to make its driving force larger and its size smaller. The response time needs to meet the requirements of the electromagnetic actuator installation. The size of the electromagnetic driver design method has been more mature, but due to the inevitable flux leakage. The existing electromagnetic actuator structure design is difficult to improve its performance. Other methods should be used to improve the electromagnetic actuator. The magnetic fluid has not only the fluidity of liquid but also the characteristics of solid magnetic material. By adding it into the medium of the working gap of the electromagnetic actuator, the magnetoresistance of the whole magnetic circuit of the electromagnetic driver will be reduced, and the utilization ratio of the magnetic circuit will increase. The performance of electromagnetic actuator will be greatly improved. The mathematical model of electromagnetic actuator is established by using Maxwell's suction formula to establish the basic equation. From the mathematical model of suction force, the relationship between electromagnetic force and permeability of medium and the relation between electromagnetic force and armature displacement under different medium permeability can be obtained. The response time of electromagnetic actuator can be calculated by using dynamic equation. . The relationship between armature displacement and time can be obtained by solving the numerical solution by integrating the dynamic equation with Matlab. From this, the response time of the electromagnetic actuator is determined. At the same time, the relation diagram of armature displacement and time of the electromagnetic actuator without magnetic fluid is solved by the similar equation. The performance of electromagnetic actuator with magnetic fluid can be compared. The finite element parameterization analysis of electromagnetic actuator is carried out by using finite element analysis software Ansys, and the electromagnetic actuator with the same other parameters is analyzed. When the permeability of the medium between armature and yoke is different, the size of the response suction is calculated, and the numerical results are checked. The optimal design of the electromagnetic actuator takes its volume as the objective function. The mathematical model of the volume optimization design of electromagnetic force and magnetic induction intensity is established by deducing the formula of electromagnetic force and magnetic induction intensity. Through the numerical simulation and finite element analysis of the electromagnetic actuator with magnetic fluid, it is concluded that the magnetic permeability is larger than that of the air. The suction of the electromagnetic actuator will be greatly increased, the same output force with the addition of magnetic fluid electromagnetic driver has fewer coil turns than the traditional electromagnetic driver, so it can achieve the purpose of reducing the size of the device. However, the electromagnetic actuator with magnetic fluid has a long action time and a complex structure. The optimized electromagnetic actuator can not only meet its performance requirements, but also meet the optimal design criterion of minimum volume.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TH237

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