本文關(guān)鍵詞： 氣動(dòng)節(jié)能 橋式回路 優(yōu)化算法 系統(tǒng)仿真 時(shí)序　出處：《大連海事大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：氣動(dòng)系統(tǒng)作為工廠自動(dòng)化最重要角色之一,已經(jīng)廣泛應(yīng)用于工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中。但由于氣動(dòng)系統(tǒng)效率低,阻礙了它在更廣的領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用,氣動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的效率和能量損失從效率角度來看,氣動(dòng)系統(tǒng)要比液壓系統(tǒng)和電氣系統(tǒng)效率低很多,僅為20%,遠(yuǎn)不能滿足如今資源匱乏時(shí)代人們對(duì)節(jié)能環(huán)保的要求,因此,開展氣動(dòng)系統(tǒng)節(jié)能研究具有重要的意義和應(yīng)用研究價(jià)值。針對(duì)傳統(tǒng)回路空氣消耗量大這一問題,本文提出一種新型橋式回路,利用壓縮空氣的膨脹能做功以達(dá)到節(jié)能的目的。本文的研究工作主要圍繞以下幾個(gè)方面展開:(1)基于壓縮空氣膨脹能做功的思想,提出一種由四個(gè)換向閥組成的橋式控制回路,通過四個(gè)閥的開閉時(shí)序控制氣缸的兩腔室進(jìn)排氣時(shí)間以達(dá)到系統(tǒng)節(jié)能的目的,并保證氣缸平穩(wěn)運(yùn)行。(2)基于非線性動(dòng)態(tài)優(yōu)化的思想,以空氣消耗量為優(yōu)化目標(biāo),氣動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的壓力、流量及運(yùn)動(dòng)方程為約束,同時(shí)基于參數(shù)辨識(shí)的方法識(shí)別系統(tǒng)的Stribeck摩擦力模型,建立系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)化數(shù)學(xué)模型。基于簡約空間SQP算法,在MATLAB中實(shí)現(xiàn)了橋式氣動(dòng)節(jié)能回路中四個(gè)閥開閉時(shí)序的優(yōu)化計(jì)算,得到了四個(gè)閥的開閉時(shí)序。(3)基于MATLAB開發(fā)環(huán)境,利用數(shù)值迭代插值方法編寫了橋式氣動(dòng)節(jié)能系統(tǒng)的仿真程序,基于不同工況下系統(tǒng)優(yōu)化出的閥開閉時(shí)序進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)態(tài)特性進(jìn)行仿真研究,從仿真上驗(yàn)證了橋式回路相比傳統(tǒng)回路的節(jié)能特性。(4)搭建了橋式氣動(dòng)節(jié)能回路試驗(yàn)臺(tái),借助傳感器采集系統(tǒng)的壓力、流量、速度和位移,利用LabVIEW軟件設(shè)計(jì)了系統(tǒng)的采集和控制程序,基于優(yōu)化算法計(jì)算得到的時(shí)序?qū)蚴交芈返墓?jié)能性進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證,開展了在不同工況下,活塞在去程和返程系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)行狀態(tài)特性和節(jié)能特性的研究。
[Abstract]:As one of the most important roles of plant automation, pneumatic system has been widely used in industrial production. However, the low efficiency of pneumatic system hinders its application in a wide range of fields. Efficiency and Energy loss of Pneumatic system from the point of view of efficiency, the efficiency of Pneumatic system is much lower than that of hydraulic system and Electrical system, which is only 20%. It is far from being able to meet the requirements of energy conservation and environmental protection in the era of resource scarcity. Therefore, it is of great significance and application value to carry out the research of pneumatic system energy conservation, aiming at the problem of large air consumption in traditional circuits. In this paper, a new bridge circuit is proposed. Using the expansion energy of compressed air to do work to achieve the purpose of energy saving. The research work in this paper mainly focuses on the following aspects: 1) based on the compressed air expansion energy work. A bridge control loop composed of four directional valves is proposed to control the intake and exhaust time of the two chambers of the cylinder by the opening and closing sequence of the four valves to achieve the purpose of energy saving of the system. Based on the idea of nonlinear dynamic optimization, the air consumption is taken as the optimization objective and the pressure, flow and motion equations of the pneumatic system are constrained. At the same time, the Stribeck friction model of the system is identified based on the parameter identification method, and the optimization mathematical model of the system is established. The SQP algorithm is based on the reduced space. The optimization calculation of the opening and closing timing of four valves in the bridge pneumatic energy-saving loop is realized in MATLAB. The opening and closing timing of the four valves is obtained, which is based on the MATLAB development environment. The simulation program of bridge pneumatic energy saving system is compiled by using numerical iterative interpolation method. The dynamic characteristics of the system are simulated based on the optimized valve opening and closing timing under different operating conditions. Compared with the traditional circuit, the test rig of the bridge pneumatic energy-saving circuit is built, and the pressure, flow, speed and displacement of the sensor acquisition system are obtained. The acquisition and control program of the system is designed by using LabVIEW software. The energy-saving performance of the bridge circuit is verified experimentally based on the timing obtained by the optimization algorithm, and carried out under different working conditions. Research on the operating state and energy saving characteristics of piston in the trip and return systems.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TH138

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