本文關(guān)鍵詞：含裂紋故障的齒輪系統(tǒng)動(dòng)力學(xué)特性研究及其故障特征分析　出處：《昆明理工大學(xué)》2017年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 定軸齒輪系 行星齒輪系統(tǒng) 齒根裂紋故障 動(dòng)力學(xué)特性 故障特征提取

【摘要】：齒輪傳動(dòng)裝置作為機(jī)械系統(tǒng)中重要的傳動(dòng)部件廣泛應(yīng)用于機(jī)床、車輛、化工機(jī)械、農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械、航空等各種機(jī)械設(shè)備中。但由于齒輪本身結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜,且經(jīng)常工作于高速和重載等惡劣的工作環(huán)境中,是故障發(fā)生頻率較高的機(jī)械部件。齒輪傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)作為機(jī)械設(shè)備中的重要傳動(dòng)部件,其健康狀況直接影響著機(jī)械設(shè)備能否正常工作和可靠運(yùn)行。為保障機(jī)械系統(tǒng)的安全可靠運(yùn)行,避免重大和災(zāi)難性事故的發(fā)生,針對(duì)齒輪傳動(dòng)裝置的設(shè)備監(jiān)測(cè)和故障診斷技術(shù)的發(fā)展和應(yīng)用顯得十分必要,目前已受到工業(yè)界、科研機(jī)構(gòu)乃至國(guó)家越來(lái)越多的重視。國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者針對(duì)齒輪故障已經(jīng)開(kāi)展了較多的研究工作,主要研究?jī)?nèi)容包括兩個(gè)大的方向,一方面是基于動(dòng)力學(xué)方法開(kāi)展齒輪的故障機(jī)理研究,但由于齒輪傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的復(fù)雜性,目前對(duì)其故障機(jī)理的認(rèn)識(shí)還不夠透徹;另一方面是基于信號(hào)分析方法進(jìn)行齒輪故障特征識(shí)別和提取的研究,在這部分研究?jī)?nèi)容中,對(duì)于齒輪的一些早期故障存在故障特征微弱而難以診斷的難點(diǎn)。目前這兩個(gè)部分的研究工作仍然不夠成熟和完善,并且大多數(shù)工作沒(méi)有將兩種方法結(jié)合起來(lái)進(jìn)行研究,不便于相互對(duì)比和驗(yàn)證。因此,本學(xué)位論文在國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金"水下運(yùn)動(dòng)目標(biāo)時(shí)變?cè)肼晥?chǎng)欠定盲提取模型及其算法研究"、國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金"基于動(dòng)力學(xué)特性的多級(jí)行星齒輪傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)故障機(jī)理研究"、云南省教育廳重大項(xiàng)目"工業(yè)機(jī)器人RV傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)故障機(jī)理表征及診斷關(guān)鍵技術(shù)研究"和云南省自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目"基于動(dòng)力學(xué)分析的半直驅(qū)風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)行星齒輪系統(tǒng)故障機(jī)理"的資助下,分別以定軸齒輪系和行星齒輪系統(tǒng)為研究對(duì)象,研究齒根裂紋對(duì)齒輪系統(tǒng)動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng)的影響規(guī)律,從動(dòng)力學(xué)角度表征故障與系統(tǒng)振動(dòng)的映射關(guān)系,揭示出裂紋故障在系統(tǒng)振動(dòng)響應(yīng)中所對(duì)應(yīng)的故障特征。最后,根據(jù)故障的特點(diǎn)提出相應(yīng)的故障診斷放方法。研究?jī)?nèi)容將動(dòng)力學(xué)方法和故障診斷方法有機(jī)結(jié)合,從而為動(dòng)力學(xué)振動(dòng)特性的研究結(jié)果提供驗(yàn)證,為故障診斷方法提供理論根據(jù),使得兩者相互對(duì)比和驗(yàn)證,對(duì)促進(jìn)齒輪傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè)與故障診斷具有重要意義。本文主要研究?jī)?nèi)容如下:(1)從動(dòng)力學(xué)角度分析了齒輪振動(dòng)信號(hào)的邊頻形成機(jī)理。通過(guò)對(duì)齒輪的嚙合剛度曲線進(jìn)行階次譜分析,分析了與裂紋故障對(duì)應(yīng)的譜線在階次譜中的分布特征。這些故障譜線所代表的頻率與嚙合頻率及其倍頻成分在動(dòng)力學(xué)響應(yīng)中形成頻率耦合而構(gòu)成一系列的組合頻率,這些組合頻率圍繞在嚙合頻率及其倍頻附近,構(gòu)成其邊頻成分。(2)研究了齒根裂紋對(duì)定軸齒輪系振動(dòng)響應(yīng)特性的影響規(guī)律。從動(dòng)力學(xué)角度表征齒根裂紋故障與系統(tǒng)振動(dòng)的映射關(guān)系,分析了裂紋故障在系統(tǒng)振動(dòng)響應(yīng)中所對(duì)應(yīng)的故障特征。并通過(guò)時(shí)域統(tǒng)計(jì)分析方法,研究了齒輪振動(dòng)響應(yīng)隨著齒根裂紋擴(kuò)展的變化規(guī)律,以及裂紋在不同轉(zhuǎn)速情況下對(duì)齒輪振動(dòng)響應(yīng)的影響規(guī)律。(3)提出一種基于正交小波包與倒頻譜相結(jié)合的方法來(lái)分析信號(hào)中的裂紋故障特征。當(dāng)齒輪存在齒根裂紋故障時(shí),在其振動(dòng)信號(hào)頻譜中的嚙合頻率及其倍頻等地方形成一系列等間隔的邊頻譜線,這些邊頻成分幅值較低,能量分散且分布不均勻,在不同頻帶的幅值大小存在差異。針對(duì)上述特點(diǎn),通過(guò)正交小波包方法對(duì)信號(hào)的頻帶進(jìn)行分解,然后應(yīng)用倒頻譜分析各子頻帶信號(hào)的邊頻成分。該方法能夠有效的提高信號(hào)的信噪比,有助于識(shí)別和提取信號(hào)中由裂紋故障引起的邊頻成分。最后,分別通過(guò)仿真信號(hào)和試驗(yàn)信號(hào)驗(yàn)證了該方法的有效性。(4)研究了齒根裂紋故障對(duì)行星齒輪系統(tǒng)振動(dòng)響應(yīng)的影響規(guī)律。綜合考慮了齒輪嚙合剛度、誤差激勵(lì)和振動(dòng)傳遞路徑的影響,分析了裂紋故障在系統(tǒng)振動(dòng)響應(yīng)中的故障特征,重點(diǎn)研究了行星齒輪系統(tǒng)在正常情況和含齒根裂紋故障時(shí)的頻譜譜線分布特征,并通過(guò)試驗(yàn)信號(hào)驗(yàn)證了理論推導(dǎo)結(jié)果。文中還基于AR模型估計(jì)得到振動(dòng)響應(yīng)的殘差信號(hào),并通過(guò)時(shí)域統(tǒng)計(jì)方法分析了系統(tǒng)振動(dòng)響應(yīng)隨齒根裂紋擴(kuò)展的變化規(guī)律。(5)研究了基于參數(shù)優(yōu)化Morlet小波的包絡(luò)解調(diào)分析方法在行星齒輪系統(tǒng)故障特征分析的應(yīng)用。文中首先利用小波熵優(yōu)化得到小波的形狀參數(shù),實(shí)現(xiàn)母小波與信號(hào)故障特征的最佳匹配;然后利用小波系數(shù)峭度來(lái)優(yōu)化小波的中心頻率,以確定最優(yōu)的解調(diào)頻帶。最后,根據(jù)優(yōu)化的參數(shù)對(duì)齒輪振動(dòng)信號(hào)進(jìn)行包絡(luò)解調(diào)分析。仿真和試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,該方法能夠有效地提取行星齒輪系統(tǒng)的裂紋故障特征。
[Abstract]:The gear transmission device as an important transmission part in mechanical systems are widely used in machine tools, vehicles, chemical machinery, agricultural machinery, aviation and other machinery and equipment. But because the gear structure is very complicated, and often work in high speed and heavy load and poor working environment, is the failure of mechanical components occurred at higher frequencies. The gear transmission system as an important transmission parts in mechanical equipment, their health status directly affects the mechanical equipment and reliable operation can work properly. To ensure the safety running of mechanical system, and avoid major catastrophic accidents, development and application for gear transmission equipment monitoring and fault diagnosis technology is very necessary, has been in industry, scientific research institutions and countries more and more attention. The scholars at home and abroad have carried out research work of gear fault more, mainly The study includes two aspects. One is research on the failure mechanism of gear based on dynamics method to carry out, but because of the complexity of the gear transmission system, the current understanding of the failure mechanism is not enough; on the other hand is a signal analysis method of gear fault feature extraction and recognition based on this part of the study in the content, difficulties for some early gear failures exist weak fault features and difficult to diagnosis. The research work of the two parts is not mature and perfect, and most will not work two methods are combined to study, not to facilitate mutual comparison and verification. Therefore, this thesis in the National Natural Science Foundation "underwater moving target time-varying noise field of underdetermined blind source extraction model and algorithm research, the National Natural Science Foundation" multi-stage planetary gear transmission based on dynamic characteristics Study on the fault mechanism of the system, the Education Department of Yunnan Province, the major project of "industrial robot RV transmission system fault diagnosis mechanism and characterization of key technology research" and Yunnan Province Natural Science Fund Project "based on the dynamic analysis of the semi direct drive wind turbine planetary gear system fault mechanism" under funded, respectively with fixed axis gear and planetary gear system as the research object, research on gear tooth crack dynamic responses of the gear system, from the view of dynamics mapping fault characterization and system vibration, reveals the cracks in the fault characteristics corresponding to the vibration response of the system. Finally, put forward the corresponding diagnosis according to the fault characteristics of the method of combining dynamic research content. Method and fault diagnosis method, so as to study the vibration characteristics of the dynamic verification, provide a theoretical basis for the fault diagnosis method. Both mutual comparison and verification, it has important significance for promoting the gear transmission system of state monitoring and fault diagnosis. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) from the perspective of dynamics analysis of the side frequency vibration signal of gear mechanism. The order spectrum analysis through the meshing of gear stiffness curve, analysis of the distribution of spectral line corresponding to the crack fault in order of frequency. And the meshing frequency and its harmonic components of the fault line represents the formation of frequency coupling in the dynamic response of a combination of a series of frequency, the combination frequency around in the vicinity of the meshing frequency and its harmonics, the side frequency component (2) is studied. Fixed axis gear tooth root crack on the vibration influence of response characteristics. From the view of dynamics characterization mapping between the tooth root crack fault and system vibration analysis, the crack fault in the system vibration response. The corresponding fault characteristics. And through time-domain statistical analysis method, study the gear vibration response changes with the tooth root crack propagation, the influence of crack on gear vibration response in different speed conditions. (3) proposed a method of orthogonal wavelet packet and cepstrum analysis based on the combination of the crack fault signal the gear tooth crack fault. When there is a series of spectral lines, edge distance form the meshing frequency and its multiplication in the vibration signal spectrum, these edge frequency components of low amplitude, energy dispersion and uneven distribution, exist in different frequency band amplitude difference. According to the characteristics of. Frequency band of signal is decomposed by orthogonal wavelet packet method, and then the application of cepstrum analysis of edge frequency components of each sub-band signal. This method can effectively improve the signal-to-noise ratio, contribute to knowledge Caused by the cracks of the side frequency component and don't signal extraction. Finally, the validity of the method are verified by simulation signal and test signal. (4) research on gear tooth crack fault impact on the planetary gear system vibration response law. Considering the gear meshing stiffness, transmission error excitation and vibration influence path the analysis of the fault features of the vibration response of the system in the crack fault, focusing on the planetary gear system spectrum in normal and containing the tooth root crack when the fault line distribution, and the theoretical analysis results are verified by the test signal. This paper also obtained AR model to estimate the residual signal based on Vibration response, and through time domain statistical method to analyse the variation with tooth root crack propagation of the vibration response of the system. (5) studied in the planetary gear system analysis of envelope demodulation parameter optimization based on Morlet wavelet The application of fault feature analysis. Firstly, the shape parameter of wavelet wavelet entropy optimization, achieve optimal matching of mother wavelet and signal fault feature; then the center frequency of the wavelet coefficients of kurtosis to optimize the wavelet, to determine the optimal demodulation frequency band. Finally, according to the analysis of gear vibration signal demodulation parameters optimization the simulation and test results show that the crack fault feature of this method can effectively extract the planetary gear system.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TH132.41

【相似文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 張棟;;渦輪葉片樅樹(shù)形榫頭第一榫槽裂紋故障原因的探討[J];機(jī)械強(qiáng)度;1988年02期

2 姚華興 ,閆沙林;航空發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)渦輪盤榫齒裂紋故障研究[J];航空動(dòng)力學(xué)報(bào);1991年01期

3 馬輝;宋雪萍;趙鑫;聞邦椿;;小波包分析在轉(zhuǎn)子裂紋故障檢測(cè)中的應(yīng)用[J];振動(dòng)、測(cè)試與診斷;2006年04期

4 任朝暉;馬輝;王德明;宋乃慧;;小波分析在轉(zhuǎn)子裂紋故障中的應(yīng)用[J];東北大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);2007年04期

5 陳雪峰,李兵,胡橋,何正嘉;基于小波有限元的裂紋故障診斷[J];西安交通大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2004年03期

6 陳雪峰;何正嘉;李兵;向家偉;;早期裂紋故障預(yù)示中的高精度小波有限元算法[J];中國(guó)科學(xué)E輯:工程科學(xué) 材料科學(xué);2005年11期

7 王燕;劉正平;;設(shè)備裂紋故障監(jiān)測(cè)和診斷技術(shù)應(yīng)用[J];煤礦機(jī)械;2008年12期

8 羅躍綱,張曉黎,畢杰春,鄂麗英,白玉艷;結(jié)構(gòu)裂紋故障的模態(tài)仿真診斷分析[J];沈陽(yáng)工業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);1997年01期

9 陳仲生,楊擁民,胡政,沈國(guó)際;基于循環(huán)平穩(wěn)時(shí)間序列的齒輪裂紋故障早期檢測(cè)[J];航空動(dòng)力學(xué)報(bào);2005年01期

10 李鴻光;孫樹(shù)棟;司書(shū)賓;司佳佳;;基于貝葉斯網(wǎng)絡(luò)的軸裂紋故障診斷模型[J];機(jī)械制造;2013年01期

相關(guān)會(huì)議論文 前3條

1 羅躍綱;張松鶴;吳斌;聞邦椿;;轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)裂紋故障診斷研究[A];第十二屆全國(guó)非線性振動(dòng)暨第九屆全國(guó)非線性動(dòng)力學(xué)和運(yùn)動(dòng)穩(wěn)定性學(xué)術(shù)會(huì)議論文集[C];2009年

2 馬銳;陳予恕;;齒輪裂紋故障的非線性機(jī)理研究[A];第十三屆全國(guó)非線性振動(dòng)暨第十屆全國(guó)非線性動(dòng)力學(xué)和運(yùn)動(dòng)穩(wěn)定性學(xué)術(shù)會(huì)議摘要集[C];2011年

3 明廷鋒;姚曉山;陳雙橋;張永祥;;齒輪裂紋故障聲發(fā)射檢測(cè)技術(shù)[A];第二十一屆全國(guó)振動(dòng)與噪聲高技術(shù)及應(yīng)用學(xué)術(shù)會(huì)議論文集[C];2008年

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 王旭;含裂紋故障的齒輪系統(tǒng)動(dòng)力學(xué)特性研究及其故障特征分析[D];昆明理工大學(xué);2017年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 高銀波;通風(fēng)機(jī)葉片裂紋故障診斷方法的研究[D];北京工業(yè)大學(xué);2016年

2 李新春;基于聲發(fā)射信號(hào)時(shí)頻特征的轉(zhuǎn)子裂紋故障診斷研究[D];湖南科技大學(xué);2010年

，

本文編號(hào)：1441628