本文關(guān)鍵詞：礦物粘土潤滑性能的研究　出處：《南華大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 粘土潤滑劑 摩擦系數(shù) 磨斑 粘結(jié)劑 復(fù)合

【摘要】：潤滑劑是金屬成型過程中保證產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量、延長模具使用壽命的關(guān)鍵因素。目前,石墨潤滑劑與礦物油潤滑劑占據(jù)了主要的市場,但其帶來的環(huán)境污染、資源浪費(fèi)的問題日趨嚴(yán)重。針對傳統(tǒng)潤滑劑的這些問題,本論文研究了一種新型的環(huán)境友好型、資源節(jié)約型的水基礦物粘土潤滑劑,該潤滑劑不僅可以減輕環(huán)境污染、遏制能源浪費(fèi),還可以降低生產(chǎn)成本,具備了廣闊的應(yīng)用市場。本課題依照設(shè)計(jì)路線:潤滑劑的制備→性能測試→配方優(yōu)化→再測試→摩擦機(jī)理分析,通過摩擦系數(shù)、磨斑直徑的大小及物理性質(zhì)來對比、分析原礦物粘土潤滑劑和商業(yè)水基石墨潤滑劑的綜合性能,并就其存在的不足進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化。在潤滑劑制備過程中,研究了增稠劑種類、粘土的種類和含量、硼酸濃度和輔助添加劑的濃度對潤滑劑摩擦系數(shù)的影響,得出:以羧甲基纖維素鈉為增稠劑、水鎂石為基料、硼酸和氟硼酸鈉協(xié)同潤滑的原礦物粘土潤滑劑的潤滑性能較好;潤滑劑的減摩性能隨著水鎂石、硼酸、氟硼酸鈉濃度的增加先提高后減弱,分別在濃度為12wt%、6wt%、1wt%時(shí)達(dá)到最佳潤滑效果;通過正交試驗(yàn)得到潤滑劑的最佳配比為:水鎂石:硼酸:氟硼酸鈉=12:7:0.5,摩擦系數(shù)為0.032,比商業(yè)水基石墨潤滑劑的減摩效果提高了57.3%。在性能測試中,原礦物粘土潤滑劑在低轉(zhuǎn)速、高載荷的條件下難以實(shí)現(xiàn)良好的潤滑效果,且高溫燃燒、沖刷后有大量白色粘結(jié)物殘留。針對此問題,實(shí)驗(yàn)采取添加粘結(jié)劑(磷酸二氫鋁)或另一種粘土(水滑石(粘土D)、滑石粉(粘土E)、云母(粘土H))的方法進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,結(jié)果顯示:添加磷酸二氫鋁后,潤滑劑的p H值、穩(wěn)定性等物理性能下降,且在摩擦測試過程中出現(xiàn)的磨粒磨損現(xiàn)象,降低了潤滑劑的減摩抗磨效果;而粘土復(fù)合的方法不僅提高了潤滑劑的減摩抗磨性能,還減少了粘結(jié)殘留物,改善了潤滑劑的物理穩(wěn)定性;粘土復(fù)合中,復(fù)合2wt%粘土D潤滑劑的綜合性能最佳,達(dá)到了水基石墨潤滑劑的使用效果,具體表現(xiàn)為:在低轉(zhuǎn)速、短時(shí)間、高載荷的摩擦條件下,減摩性能同比復(fù)合前平均提高了45.65%,比石墨潤滑劑的平均提高了25.2%;在高轉(zhuǎn)速、高載荷、長時(shí)間的摩擦條件下,則分別提高了9.9%、45.7%;抗磨損性能測試中,磨斑直徑為0.70mm,同比優(yōu)化前,減少了0.02mm;潤滑劑的抗極壓性與原粘土潤滑劑及石墨的一樣,PB值均為431.64N;950℃高溫燃燒30s后,置于水中沖刷,鋼管表面無明顯粘結(jié)現(xiàn)象。根據(jù)磨斑SEM形貌圖及摩擦膜的EDS元素分析表明:在摩擦初期,潤滑劑通過物理粘結(jié)膜隔離摩擦表面降低摩擦系數(shù);持續(xù)高轉(zhuǎn)速、高載荷、長時(shí)間摩擦磨損后,活性元素F、B與金屬基體反應(yīng),生成B2O3、Fe F2類化學(xué)反應(yīng)膜,且粘土D的存在促進(jìn)了化學(xué)膜的生成,在D含量為2wt%時(shí),金屬基體中F、B元素的質(zhì)量百分比之和達(dá)到最大值(33.92wt%),減摩抗磨效果最佳。
[Abstract]:Lubricant is the key factor to guarantee the product quality and prolong the service life of mould in the process of metal forming. At present, graphite lubricant and mineral oil lubricant occupy the main market, but it brings environmental pollution. The problem of resource waste is becoming more and more serious. In view of these problems of traditional lubricant, this paper studies a new kind of water based mineral clay lubricant, which is environment-friendly and resource-saving. The lubricant can not only reduce environmental pollution, curb energy waste, but also reduce production cost, and has a broad application market. This subject is based on the design route: preparation of lubricant. 鈫扨erformance test. 鈫扚ormula optimization. 鈫扲etesting. 鈫扚riction mechanism analysis, through friction coefficient, grinding spot diameter and physical properties to compare to analyze the original mineral clay lubricant and commercial water-based graphite lubricant comprehensive properties. During the preparation of lubricant, the effects of thickener, clay type and content, boric acid concentration and auxiliary additive concentration on the friction coefficient of lubricant were studied. The results show that the raw mineral clay lubricant with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose as thickener brucite as base material and boric acid and sodium fluoroborate as lubricant has better lubricating performance. With the increase of brucite, boric acid and sodium fluoroborate, the antifriction property of lubricant first increases and then weakens, and the best lubricating effect is achieved at the concentration of 12wtand 6wtwt%. The optimum proportion of lubricant is: brucite: boric acid: sodium fluoroborate 12: 7: 0.5, friction coefficient is 0.032. Compared with commercial water-based graphite lubricant, the antifriction effect is improved 57.3%. In the performance test, it is difficult to achieve good lubricating effect under low rotational speed and high load condition, and burning at high temperature. There is a large amount of white binder residue after scouring. In order to solve this problem, adding binder (aluminum dihydrogen phosphate) or another kind of clay (hydrotalcite (clay DU), talc powder (clay E) is used in the experiment. The method of mica (clay Hu) was optimized. The results showed that the physical properties of lubricant, such as pH value and stability, were decreased after adding aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, and the abrasive wear phenomenon occurred in the process of friction test. The antifriction and antiwear effect of lubricant is reduced. The method of clay composite not only improves the antifriction and antiwear performance of lubricant, but also reduces the adhesive residue and improves the physical stability of lubricant. The composite 2wt% clay D lubricant has the best comprehensive performance and achieves the application effect of water-based graphite lubricant, which can be shown as follows: under the condition of low rotational speed, short time and high load. The friction-reducing property increased by 45.65 and 25.2than that of graphite lubricant. Under the condition of high rotational speed, high load and long time friction, the value of 9.9m / 45.7 was increased respectively. In the testing of wear resistance, the diameter of wear spot is 0.70 mm, which is 0.02mm less than that before optimization. The polar compressive resistance of the lubricant is 431.64N, which is the same as that of the clay lubricant and graphite. After burning at 950 鈩，

本文編號：1393311