本文關(guān)鍵詞：產(chǎn)品熔融沉積制造的碳排放特性及優(yōu)化方法研究　出處：《合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 低碳制造 熔融沉積制造 碳排放 能量效率 自適應(yīng)小生境遺傳算法

【摘要】：制造業(yè)在為人類帶來大量物質(zhì)財富的同時,也因?qū)Y源的過度消耗而造成了嚴重的環(huán)境問題。為減少制造業(yè)的環(huán)境污染,適應(yīng)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的社會需求,以節(jié)能減排為目標(biāo)的“低碳制造”這一新型制造模式應(yīng)運而生并很快成為學(xué)術(shù)界和工業(yè)界的研究熱點。近年來,熔融沉積制造技術(shù)因其易加工復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)產(chǎn)品等諸多優(yōu)點而被廣泛推廣,但卻鮮有關(guān)于其制造過程碳排放的研究成果出現(xiàn),因此關(guān)于熔融沉積制造過程的低碳制造方法和技術(shù),具有重要的研究價值。針對此,本文對產(chǎn)品熔融沉積制造的碳排放特性與優(yōu)化方法進行了研究。首先,按來源對熔融沉積制造過程中的碳排放進行了分類,根據(jù)熔融沉積制造技術(shù)的工藝特點構(gòu)建了各類碳排放與相應(yīng)工藝過程之間的關(guān)系,從而確定了熔融沉積制造的碳排放量化邊界。通過分析熔融沉積制造過程的物料流、能量流和廢料流特征,研究了物料消耗、能源消耗和廢料處理特點,繼而推導(dǎo)出各類碳排放量化方法。其次,為更深入的分析產(chǎn)品熔融沉積制造的碳排放特性,將其與切削制造的碳排放進行對比。通過對切削制造的碳排放進行分析,建立了切削制造的碳排放量化邊界。為量化切削制造碳排放,對機床運行過程中各個階段的功率動態(tài)特征進行了分析,并建立了因刀具消耗和切削液消耗所引起的碳排放量化模型。最后通過實驗驗證了所建立的兩類碳排放量化模型的可行性。實驗結(jié)果顯示在熔融沉積制造中電能消耗所引起的碳排放所占比例最大。最后,以減少熔融沉積制造過程的電能消耗為目的,定義了熔融沉積制造過程的能量效率。利用田口正交表和BP神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)建立能量效率優(yōu)化模型,采用自適應(yīng)小生境遺傳算法對能量效率進行了優(yōu)化求解,并將優(yōu)化結(jié)果在實驗中進行了應(yīng)用,取得了較好的應(yīng)用效果。
[Abstract]:Manufacturing not only brings a lot of material wealth to human beings, but also causes serious environmental problems because of excessive consumption of resources. In order to reduce the environmental pollution of manufacturing industry, adapt to the social needs of sustainable development. Low-carbon manufacturing, which aims at energy saving and emission reduction, has emerged as the times require and has become a research hotspot in academia and industry in recent years. Melt deposition manufacturing technology has been widely used because of its many advantages, such as easy processing of complex structural products, but there are few research results on carbon emissions from the manufacturing process. Therefore, low carbon manufacturing methods and technologies in the process of melt deposition manufacturing have important research value. In view of this, the carbon emission characteristics and optimization methods of product melt deposition manufacturing are studied in this paper. The carbon emissions in the process of melt deposition manufacturing were classified according to the source, and the relationship between the various carbon emissions and the corresponding process was constructed according to the technological characteristics of the melt deposition manufacturing technology. By analyzing the characteristics of material flow, energy flow and waste flow, the characteristics of material consumption, energy consumption and waste disposal were studied. Then various carbon emission methods are deduced. Secondly, the characteristics of carbon emissions produced by melt deposition of products are analyzed more deeply. By analyzing the carbon emissions of cutting manufacturing, the carbon emission boundary of cutting manufacturing is established. The dynamic characteristics of power in each stage of machine tool operation are analyzed. The models of carbon emission caused by tool consumption and cutting fluid consumption are established. Finally, the feasibility of two kinds of carbon emission models is verified by experiments. The experimental results show that electric energy is produced in molten deposition. Carbon emissions from consumption account for the largest proportion. Finally. In order to reduce the energy consumption of the molten deposition manufacturing process, the energy efficiency of the melt deposition manufacturing process is defined, and the energy efficiency optimization model is established by using the Taguchi orthogonal table and BP neural network. Adaptive niche genetic algorithm is used to optimize the energy efficiency, and the optimization results are applied in the experiment, and good results are obtained.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TH16

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