【摘要】：21世紀國家間的競爭是以經(jīng)濟實力和科技實力為后盾的綜合國力的競爭，然而，世界各國的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展不平衡現(xiàn)象并沒有隨著舊世紀的逝去有所改變；新古典增長理論、發(fā)展經(jīng)濟學、后發(fā)優(yōu)勢論以及后來的華盛頓共識和北京共識等，成為各國經(jīng)濟趨同提供理論基礎或成為某些國家經(jīng)濟快速發(fā)展的經(jīng)驗總結；戰(zhàn)后德國、日本的重新崛起，亞洲“四小龍”、中國、印度、葡萄牙、巴西等國家的經(jīng)濟起飛和快速實現(xiàn)工業(yè)化的巨大成果，是激動人心。它們的成功為經(jīng)濟趕超和趨同理論提供了實例，因此，運用經(jīng)濟趕超理論來分析我國省際間的經(jīng)濟趕超狀況，是非常有必要的。 首先，本文簡要探討了趕超機制和不同經(jīng)濟發(fā)展理論中趕超思想，從演化經(jīng)濟學的視角，將變異和選擇機制作為經(jīng)濟趕超的機制，并詳細地從制度創(chuàng)新和知識的重大突破角度解釋了趕超機制。接著，筆者分析了我國省級間經(jīng)濟趕超的狀況和原因，發(fā)現(xiàn)特定的地區(qū)優(yōu)勢、資本回報率差異、市場化程度差異和技術水平差異對于地區(qū)經(jīng)濟的趕超有重要影響。然后，以阿布拉莫維茨趕超假說為基礎，使用F·FargettiA·Foti （1997）趕超模型和新古典經(jīng)濟趕超模型驗證了我國27個省級間（以上海作為經(jīng)濟領導者）的趕超狀況以及造成經(jīng)濟差距的原因，運用1978-2010年和1995-2010年面板數(shù)據(jù)進行實證檢驗發(fā)現(xiàn)，我國省際間存在經(jīng)濟趨同現(xiàn)象，但是趨同效應比較微弱；各省份間經(jīng)濟差距的主要是由于人均資本量的差異引起的。此外，，運用包絡分析法對2001年-2010年我國各省份的技術效率變化，發(fā)現(xiàn)我國東部地區(qū)的技術效率高于中部和西部地區(qū)，這對我國的各地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟趨同產(chǎn)生消極影響。 本文的結論是：（1）我國省際間的經(jīng)濟趕超效應是存在的，但是趕超效應比較微弱；（2）造成我國省級間經(jīng)濟差距的主要原因是自然條件、政策傾斜和特殊的地理位置等特定的歷史要素，也包括資本效率差異、市場發(fā)育程度差異和技術水平差異等因素。（3）在比較資本、技術水平和其他因素對地區(qū)經(jīng)濟差舉造成的影響，發(fā)現(xiàn)資本是造成地區(qū)經(jīng)濟差距的最大因素，也是影響落后地區(qū)經(jīng)濟趕超的重要因素；技術水平?jīng)]有所認為的那么重要，其對地區(qū)經(jīng)濟差距或經(jīng)濟趕超的貢獻遠遠小于資本。（4）從不同地區(qū)的技術水平來看，東部的技術進步水平快于中部地區(qū)和西部地區(qū)，中部地區(qū)又快于西部地區(qū)。
[Abstract]:The competition among countries in the 21st century is the competition of comprehensive national strength backed by economic strength and scientific and technological strength. However, the imbalance of economic development in all countries in the world has not changed with the passing of the old century. Neoclassical growth theory, development economics, late dominance theory and later Washington consensus and Beijing consensus, etc., have become the theoretical basis for the economic convergence of various countries or the experience summary of the rapid economic development of some countries. The economic take-off and rapid industrialization of Germany, Japan, Asia, China, India, Portugal, Brazil and other countries are exciting. Their success provides an example for the theory of economic catch-up and convergence. Therefore, it is very necessary to use the theory of economic catch-up to analyze the situation of economic catch-up among provinces in China. First of all, this paper briefly discusses the catch-up mechanism and the thought of catching-up in different economic development theories. From the perspective of evolutionary economics, the mechanism of variation and selection is regarded as the mechanism of economic catch-up. And explain the catch-up mechanism in detail from the perspective of institutional innovation and knowledge breakthrough. Then, the author analyzes the status and reasons of economic catch-up among provinces in China, and finds out that specific regional advantages, differences in return on capital, differences in marketization and technological level have an important impact on regional economic catch-up. Then, based on Abramowitz's catch-up hypothesis, Using F 路FargettiA 路Foti (1997) catch-up model and neo-classical economic catch-up model, this paper verifies the status of catching-up among 27 provinces in China (with Shanghai as the economic leader) and the reasons for the economic gap. Based on the panel data from 1978-2010 and 1995-2010, it is found that there exists economic convergence among provinces in China, but the convergence effect is relatively weak. The economic gap between provinces is mainly due to the difference of capital per capita. In addition, it is found that the technical efficiency of the eastern region of China is higher than that of the central and western regions, which has a negative impact on the economic convergence of the various regions of China by applying envelope analysis to the technical efficiency change of every province in China from 2001 to 2010. The conclusion of this paper is as follows: (1) the economic catch-up effect between provinces of our country exists, but the catch-up effect is relatively weak; (2) the main causes of the economic gap between the provinces of our country are natural conditions, policy tilt and special geographical location, including the differences in capital efficiency, as well as the specific historical factors, such as natural conditions, policy preference and special geographical location. (3) comparing the influence of capital, technical level and other factors on regional economic disparity, it is found that capital is the biggest factor causing regional economic disparity. It is also an important factor that affects the economic catch-up of backward areas; The level of technology is not as important as it thinks, and its contribution to regional economic disparity or economic catch-up is far less than capital. (4) judging from the level of technology in different regions, the level of technological progress in the eastern region is faster than in the central and western regions. The central region is faster than the western region.
【學位授予單位】：湘潭大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F127;F224

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