【摘要】：隨著我國社會主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)穩(wěn)步發(fā)展，城鄉(xiāng)居民財(cái)富不斷積累，，城鄉(xiāng)居民人均財(cái)產(chǎn)性收入迅速增長。1993年我國城鎮(zhèn)居民人均財(cái)產(chǎn)性收入為45.8元，2010年達(dá)到520.33元，增長11.36倍；1993年我國農(nóng)村居民人均財(cái)產(chǎn)性收入為7.02元，2010年增加到202.25元，增長幅度達(dá)28.81倍。城鄉(xiāng)居民財(cái)產(chǎn)性收入不僅表現(xiàn)為高速增長的趨勢，而且還表現(xiàn)出絕對收入額的顯著差異。城鄉(xiāng)居民之間的財(cái)產(chǎn)性收入差距由1993年的38.78元增加到2010年的318.08元，增長8.2倍，財(cái)產(chǎn)性收入對城鄉(xiāng)居民收入差距的貢獻(xiàn)不斷加大。 財(cái)產(chǎn)性收入屬于衍生性收入，通過馬太效應(yīng)的作用，會使窮者越窮，富者越富，導(dǎo)致財(cái)產(chǎn)性收入分配的不均等。另外，財(cái)產(chǎn)性收入缺乏流動性，容易造成貧富階層的固化，并且這種固化具有世代相傳的特點(diǎn)，從而形成財(cái)產(chǎn)性收入與貧富差距的惡性循環(huán)。財(cái)產(chǎn)性收入本身所具有的這些屬性加劇了城鄉(xiāng)居民收入分配不均等的嚴(yán)重程度。城鄉(xiāng)居民財(cái)產(chǎn)性收入差距問題是我國收入分配領(lǐng)域面臨的理論和現(xiàn)實(shí)問題，能否處理好直接關(guān)系到我國全面建設(shè)小康社會和社會主義和諧社會目標(biāo)的順利實(shí)現(xiàn)。在此背景下，本文試圖探索當(dāng)前我國城鄉(xiāng)居民財(cái)產(chǎn)性收入差距的現(xiàn)狀及其存在的問題，以期對相關(guān)的理論研究和政策制定提供有益的參考。 本文通過查閱文獻(xiàn)資料和統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)，對我國城鄉(xiāng)居民財(cái)產(chǎn)性收入差距問題進(jìn)行分析研究。從歷年我國城鄉(xiāng)居民財(cái)產(chǎn)性收入變化趨勢看，我國城鄉(xiāng)居民財(cái)產(chǎn)性收入的絕對量和相對量都呈現(xiàn)出明顯的階段性特征，而且每個(gè)階段的發(fā)展變化與我國歷次收入分配制度的改革密切相關(guān)，我國城鄉(xiāng)居民財(cái)產(chǎn)性收入深受我國收入分配制度的影響。從城鄉(xiāng)居民內(nèi)部不同收入組財(cái)產(chǎn)性收入的對比情況來看，無論是城鎮(zhèn)內(nèi)部、農(nóng)村內(nèi)部，還是城鄉(xiāng)之間，我國居民財(cái)產(chǎn)性收入差距都在逐漸拉大。 為了更加清楚的認(rèn)識我國城鄉(xiāng)居民財(cái)產(chǎn)性收入差距的程度，本文借鑒前人的方法對城鄉(xiāng)居民財(cái)產(chǎn)性收入差距進(jìn)行了洛倫茲曲線、基尼系數(shù)和泰爾指數(shù)的測算。通過分析2003年和2010年我國城鄉(xiāng)居民收入分配的洛倫茲曲線發(fā)現(xiàn)，我國城鄉(xiāng)居民財(cái)產(chǎn)性收入分配的不均等程度遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于總收入分配的不均等程度。通過對2003-2010年我國城鄉(xiāng)居民財(cái)產(chǎn)性收入的基尼系數(shù)進(jìn)行測算，結(jié)果表明：無論是在城鎮(zhèn)還是農(nóng)村，居民財(cái)產(chǎn)性收入的基尼系數(shù)都較高；從基尼系數(shù)的分解情況看，我國城鄉(xiāng)差距一直對總體財(cái)產(chǎn)性收入差距貢獻(xiàn)最大。另外，文章對我國東、中、西三大區(qū)域的城鄉(xiāng)居民財(cái)產(chǎn)性收入差距的泰爾指數(shù)測算發(fā)現(xiàn)，我國中部地區(qū)城鄉(xiāng)居民財(cái)產(chǎn)性收入差距最大，西部次之，東部最小。同時(shí)，論文從住房、土地和金融資產(chǎn)三個(gè)重要的財(cái)產(chǎn)性收入來源角度分析了我國城鄉(xiāng)居民財(cái)產(chǎn)性收入差距的成因，并在對我國城鄉(xiāng)居民財(cái)產(chǎn)性收入現(xiàn)狀和成因分析的基礎(chǔ)上，提出縮小我國城鄉(xiāng)居民財(cái)產(chǎn)性收入差距的對策建議。
[Abstract]:With the steady development of the socialist market economy in China, the wealth of urban and rural residents has accumulated, and the property income per capita of urban and rural residents has increased rapidly. In 1993, the property income per capita of urban residents in China was 45.8 yuan, reaching 520.33 yuan in 2010, and the increase of 11.36 times. In 1993, the per-capita property income of rural residents in China was 7.02 yuan, which increased to 202.25 yuan in 2010, with an increase of 28.81 times. The property income of urban and rural residents is not only the trend of high-speed growth, but also the significant difference of absolute income. The income gap between urban and rural residents increased from 38.78 yuan in 1993 to 318.08 yuan in 2010, with an increase of 8.2 times, and the contribution of property income to the income gap between urban and rural residents is increasing. Property income belongs to the derived income, and through the effect of the Matthew effect, the poorer the poor, the more rich the rich, and the non-uniformity of the distribution of property income In addition, the lack of liquidity in property income can easily lead to the curing of the rich and poor, and the curing has the characteristics of generation and generation, so as to form the vicious cycle of property income and the rich and poor. The properties of the property income of the urban and rural areas have increased the distribution of the income of urban and rural residents. The problem of the income gap between urban and rural residents is the theoretical and practical problem in the field of income distribution in our country, and whether it can be dealt with directly is the smooth reality of the overall construction of a well-off society and the goal of the socialist harmonious society. In this background, this paper tries to explore the present situation and the existing problems of the property income gap between the urban and rural residents in our country, with a view to providing useful reference for the relevant theoretical research and policy development. In this paper, the problem of property income gap between urban and rural residents in China is divided by consulting the literature and statistics. According to the change trend of property income of urban and rural residents in China over the years, the absolute quantity and relative quantity of property income of urban and rural residents in our country have a distinct stage characteristic, and the development of each stage is closely related to the reform of the income distribution system of our country The property income of urban and rural residents in China is deeply affected by the income distribution system of our country. From the comparison of the property income of different income groups in the urban and rural areas, the income gap between the property income and property income of our country is on the basis of the comparison of the property income of different income groups in the urban and rural areas, whether in the urban or rural areas or between urban and rural areas. In order to make a more clear understanding of the income gap between urban and rural residents in our country, this paper gives the lorentz curve, the Gini coefficient and the Terre for the income gap between the urban and rural residents with reference to the previous methods. By analyzing the Lorenz curve of the income distribution of urban and rural residents in China in 2003 and 2010, the distribution of property income of urban and rural residents in China is far higher than that of total income distribution The results show that the Gini coefficient of the property income of the urban and rural residents in China in 2003-2010 is calculated. The results show that the Gini coefficient of the property income of the residents in the urban and rural areas is higher, from the basis of the Gini coefficient. in that case of decomposition, the gap between the urban and rural areas of China has always been poor in the overall property income In addition, the paper has found that the property income gap between urban and rural residents in the central region of China is the largest and the west is the second in the east, middle and west regions of China. At the same time, the paper analyzes the causes of the income gap between urban and rural residents in China from the three important property income sources of housing, land and financial assets, and points out the present situation and the cause of property income of urban and rural residents in China. On the basis of analysis, it is proposed to narrow the income gap between the property income of urban and rural residents in China
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F124.7;F224

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本文編號：2435622