鄂倫春自治旗經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展問題研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間:2018-11-06 10:14
【摘要】:世界經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展與民族的興衰榮辱息息相關(guān)。在中國(guó),全面建成小康社會(huì),離不開少數(shù)民族和少數(shù)民族地區(qū),只有少數(shù)民族和少數(shù)民族地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)的和諧同步發(fā)展,才能真正體現(xiàn)黨的民族政策的優(yōu)越性,凸顯民族區(qū)域自治的中國(guó)特色。特別是在當(dāng)今世界民族問題錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜、民族矛盾和沖突不斷的大背景下,中國(guó)各少數(shù)民族和少數(shù)民族地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)的發(fā)展倍受矚目。改革開放初期,鄧小平同志就明確指出,解決民族問題的首要任務(wù),就是“讓少數(shù)民族發(fā)展和進(jìn)步”,“實(shí)施民族區(qū)域自治,不把經(jīng)濟(jì)搞好,那個(gè)自治就是空的”。30多年來(lái),中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)高速發(fā)展,經(jīng)濟(jì)總量位居全球第二位,但在發(fā)展的過程中,東部沿海發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)與中西部少數(shù)民族和邊遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)的發(fā)展存在著不平衡、不協(xié)調(diào)的矛盾和問題越來(lái)越明顯和突出。中國(guó)的少數(shù)民族聚集區(qū)基本上都位于中西部的邊遠(yuǎn)地區(qū),時(shí)下中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)的高度發(fā)展、現(xiàn)代物質(zhì)文明的極度需求與少數(shù)民族在歷史變遷中流傳下來(lái)的精神信仰和文化傳承不可避免地產(chǎn)生了碰撞。 鄂倫春民族(人口較少民族)是在中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨的民族政策指引下,跨越幾個(gè)社會(huì)階段一步進(jìn)入社會(huì)主義社會(huì)的民族,這是黨的民族政策的成功典范。內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)鄂倫春自治旗,是鄂倫春民族的主要聚集區(qū)。在新的時(shí)代背景下,如何加快鄂倫春自治旗的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展,探索其在加快發(fā)展過程中存在的問題、制約的因素以及今后的發(fā)展對(duì)策,對(duì)于促進(jìn)鄂倫春自治旗經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展、實(shí)現(xiàn)鄂倫春民族經(jīng)濟(jì)振興與文化傳承有著深遠(yuǎn)而重要的意義,同時(shí)也將為解決中國(guó)其它人口較少民族地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展提供借鑒。 鄂倫春自治旗地處中國(guó)北疆大興安嶺的茫茫林海,這里自然資源富集,生態(tài)環(huán)境優(yōu)越。建國(guó)以來(lái),隨著上世紀(jì)50年代國(guó)家對(duì)大興安嶺林區(qū)和農(nóng)區(qū)的開發(fā),鄂倫春自治旗經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)生了翻天覆地的變化,形成了典型的林木資源和農(nóng)業(yè)開發(fā)的經(jīng)濟(jì)類型。上世紀(jì)90年代,國(guó)家實(shí)施“天保工程”,林木資源型經(jīng)濟(jì)受到嚴(yán)重沖擊,鄂倫春自治旗經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展陷入困境,各族人民的生產(chǎn)生活受到了嚴(yán)重影響。當(dāng)前,鄂倫春自治旗正處于由單一的林木資源型經(jīng)濟(jì)和農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)向多元經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型的關(guān)鍵時(shí)期。 在鄂倫春自治旗經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展過程中,面臨著自主發(fā)展不足、內(nèi)生動(dòng)力缺失、政策體制制約等諸多深層次矛盾和問題。探究其根源,源于這里地處偏遠(yuǎn)、交通不便、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施落后等區(qū)位因素,條塊分割、權(quán)能受限等政策體制因素,自然生態(tài)環(huán)境與經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的矛盾等現(xiàn)實(shí)因素,以及封閉保守、缺乏進(jìn)取精神等傳統(tǒng)觀念因素。這些矛盾和問題,也是國(guó)內(nèi)其它人口較少民族地區(qū)在經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展過程中可能會(huì)面對(duì)的問題。 當(dāng)前,鄂倫春自治旗經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展正逢遇國(guó)家支持內(nèi)蒙古加快發(fā)展、大小興安嶺林區(qū)生態(tài)保護(hù)與經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型、尤其是黨的十八大召開后不可多得的綜合機(jī)遇期。在經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展中需要進(jìn)一步明晰發(fā)展思路,正確處理好資源開發(fā)與環(huán)境保護(hù)、體制分割與經(jīng)濟(jì)一體、地區(qū)發(fā)展與民族發(fā)展的關(guān)系;爭(zhēng)取用好用活既有政策、爭(zhēng)取新的差別化政策、建議調(diào)整不合理政策;搭建產(chǎn)業(yè)園區(qū)這一發(fā)展載體和平臺(tái),積極培育農(nóng)林產(chǎn)品深加工、開發(fā)有色金屬資源和清潔能源、發(fā)展生態(tài)和民族文化旅游等支柱產(chǎn)業(yè);充分發(fā)揮好人力資源潛力,加大招才引智和擇商選資力度,有效發(fā)揮領(lǐng)導(dǎo)班子的整體合力、各族干部的工作積極性和尊重群眾的首創(chuàng)精神。在此基礎(chǔ)上,通過民族經(jīng)濟(jì)的定位與選擇,突出民族經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展;通過民族文化的保護(hù)與傳承,重塑與振興民族精神,進(jìn)而實(shí)現(xiàn)鄂倫春自治旗經(jīng)濟(jì)的成功轉(zhuǎn)型與加快發(fā)展進(jìn)步,最終達(dá)到經(jīng)濟(jì)富強(qiáng)、民族團(tuán)結(jié)、社會(huì)和諧、人民幸福、家園秀美,各民族共同發(fā)展繁榮的奮斗目標(biāo)。
[Abstract]:The economic development of the world is closely related to the rise and fall of the nation. In China, building a well-off society in an all-round way can not be separated from the ethnic and minority areas, and only the harmonious and synchronous development of the economic and social development of the ethnic and minority areas can truly reflect the superiority of the Party's national policy and highlight the Chinese characteristics of the regional national autonomy. In particular, in the context of the complex, ethnic and conflict of the world's national problems, the development of the economic and social development of the various ethnic and ethnic groups in China has attracted great attention. At the beginning of the reform and opening-up, Comrade Deng Xiaoping made it clear that the first task to solve the national problem was the 鈥淭he development and progress of ethnic minorities鈥,
本文編號(hào):2313984
[Abstract]:The economic development of the world is closely related to the rise and fall of the nation. In China, building a well-off society in an all-round way can not be separated from the ethnic and minority areas, and only the harmonious and synchronous development of the economic and social development of the ethnic and minority areas can truly reflect the superiority of the Party's national policy and highlight the Chinese characteristics of the regional national autonomy. In particular, in the context of the complex, ethnic and conflict of the world's national problems, the development of the economic and social development of the various ethnic and ethnic groups in China has attracted great attention. At the beginning of the reform and opening-up, Comrade Deng Xiaoping made it clear that the first task to solve the national problem was the 鈥淭he development and progress of ethnic minorities鈥,
本文編號(hào):2313984
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