歐盟一體化進(jìn)程中的區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)差距演變研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-09-09 13:22
【摘要】：關(guān)于市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制下區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)差距的演進(jìn)趨向，經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)理論一直沒有形成一個(gè)統(tǒng)一的認(rèn)識(shí)。有的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家認(rèn)為由于資源稀缺對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的制約，市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)會(huì)使區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)差距擴(kuò)大，有的則認(rèn)為隨著商品與生產(chǎn)要素在不同區(qū)域間的自由流動(dòng)，商品與生產(chǎn)要素的價(jià)格將趨于均等，從而縮小不同區(qū)域間的經(jīng)濟(jì)差距。區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化，即加入?yún)^(qū)域組織的各成員國相互取消限制商品與生產(chǎn)要素自由流動(dòng)的壁壘，消除影響相互間商品與生產(chǎn)要素自由流動(dòng)的障礙，其實(shí)質(zhì)是建立跨國界的共同市場(chǎng)，在區(qū)域組織內(nèi)部消除影響市場(chǎng)各種生產(chǎn)要素自由流動(dòng)的障礙。因此，研究區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)組織內(nèi)部各成員國的經(jīng)濟(jì)差距演變，以及各成員國國內(nèi)區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)差距的演變是分析市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)與區(qū)域差距關(guān)系的理想實(shí)例。本文以歐盟區(qū)域一體化的不斷推進(jìn)為背景，系統(tǒng)分析歐盟成員國之間以及成員國內(nèi)部區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)差距的變化，進(jìn)一步探討市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)與區(qū)域差距的關(guān)系。 首先，本文對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化的概念進(jìn)行了界定，介紹了區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化從低級(jí)到高級(jí)發(fā)展的不同組織形式以及區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化的具體實(shí)現(xiàn)形式，包括區(qū)際貿(mào)易、人口遷移、資本移動(dòng)、技術(shù)擴(kuò)散與產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移；并從理論上探討了區(qū)域差距產(chǎn)生的原因及演變、促進(jìn)區(qū)域增長(zhǎng)的模式選擇以及經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化與區(qū)域差距的關(guān)系。另外，由于本文是在經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化的背景之下研究歐盟區(qū)域差距問題，因此對(duì)歐盟一體化的歷史進(jìn)程進(jìn)行了詳盡的介紹，從歐洲煤鋼共同體到歐洲共同體再到歐盟，歐盟一體化不斷深化，已經(jīng)發(fā)展成為目前世界上一體化程度最高的區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)組織，在這樣的背景之下研究區(qū)域差距問題也具有重要的理論和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 其次，本文對(duì)歐盟的區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)差距演變進(jìn)行了測(cè)度分析。一方面分析了歐盟成員國之間區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)差距的演變，首先從人均GDP、就業(yè)率、人力資本密集度指數(shù)和研發(fā)支出四個(gè)方面對(duì)歐盟成員國之間的區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)差距的一般情況進(jìn)行了介紹；之后利用變異系數(shù)、基尼系數(shù)、阿特金森指數(shù)、泰爾指數(shù)和MLD指數(shù)五個(gè)指標(biāo)對(duì)歐盟成員國之間的區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)差距演變情況進(jìn)行測(cè)度分析，從測(cè)度分析的結(jié)果來看，歐盟成員國之間的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展存在一定趨同的趨勢(shì)；最后對(duì)歐盟成員國之間的經(jīng)濟(jì)進(jìn)行了趨同檢驗(yàn)，從σ趨同檢驗(yàn)來看，歐盟成員國經(jīng)濟(jì)存在較為明顯的趨同趨勢(shì)；但是從β趨同檢驗(yàn)來看，盡管趨同趨勢(shì)存在，但是并不明顯。另一方面分析了歐盟成員國內(nèi)部區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)差距的演變。首先對(duì)歐盟成員國內(nèi)部的區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)差距及其空間分布情況進(jìn)行了介紹；之后利用變異系數(shù)、基尼系數(shù)、泰爾指數(shù)和MLD指數(shù)四個(gè)指標(biāo)對(duì)歐盟成員國內(nèi)部的區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)差距演變情況進(jìn)行測(cè)度分析，結(jié)果表明，歐盟成員國內(nèi)部，尤其是新加入歐盟的中東歐新成員國內(nèi)部，存在嚴(yán)重的經(jīng)濟(jì)差距，因此，盡管歐盟整體經(jīng)濟(jì)表現(xiàn)出趨同的趨勢(shì)，但這主要來自于成員國之間經(jīng)濟(jì)差距的縮��；最后對(duì)近年來歐盟成員國內(nèi)部區(qū)域差距擴(kuò)大的原因進(jìn)行了分析。 再次，本文對(duì)歐盟區(qū)域政策的演變及歐盟實(shí)施區(qū)域政策的手段進(jìn)行了介紹，并對(duì)歐盟區(qū)域政策的效果進(jìn)行了評(píng)價(jià)。首先分析了歐盟制定和實(shí)施區(qū)域政策的原因，并詳細(xì)介紹了歐盟區(qū)域政策的演變過程；其次重點(diǎn)介紹了歐盟實(shí)施區(qū)域政策所使用的手段，包括結(jié)構(gòu)基金、團(tuán)結(jié)基金、入盟前援助基金以及歐洲投資銀行對(duì)基金的支持作用，這些基金的援助促進(jìn)了歐盟落后地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，是實(shí)現(xiàn)歐盟均衡發(fā)展的重要工具；再次對(duì)歐盟區(qū)域政策的效果進(jìn)行了評(píng)價(jià)，利用HERMIN模型、EcoMod模型和QUEST模型對(duì)歐盟區(qū)域政策的實(shí)施效果進(jìn)行模擬檢驗(yàn)，結(jié)果表明，歐盟區(qū)域政策的實(shí)施能夠提高團(tuán)結(jié)國家GDP增長(zhǎng)5%-10%，并創(chuàng)造200萬個(gè)新就業(yè)，并且區(qū)域政策的影響是長(zhǎng)期的；最后分析了歐盟區(qū)域政策存在的問題，并從歐盟區(qū)域政策周期的角度出發(fā)，分別從議程設(shè)置階段、政策設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)施階段以及政策評(píng)估與學(xué)習(xí)階段提出了相應(yīng)的改革方向。 最后，本文分析了歐債危機(jī)的發(fā)生給歐盟區(qū)域均衡發(fā)展所帶來的挑戰(zhàn)。由于歐盟部分成員國的福利政策與經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展不相符，政府又長(zhǎng)期過度舉債，再加上歐元區(qū)的制度性缺陷，最終導(dǎo)致了歐債危機(jī)的爆發(fā)；歐債危機(jī)增加了外圍國家債務(wù)重組的困難，加重了歐盟經(jīng)濟(jì)的結(jié)構(gòu)性失衡，加大了歐洲區(qū)域政策協(xié)調(diào)的難度，加劇了歐盟成員國之間的固有矛盾，增加了歐盟一體化的不確定性，給歐盟區(qū)域均衡發(fā)展帶來了重大挑戰(zhàn)。 在經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化的背景下，對(duì)歐盟區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)差距問題進(jìn)行研究，分析歐盟區(qū)域政策對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)凝聚的作用與效果，拓展了區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化的理論前提，從同質(zhì)性、非多樣化的假設(shè)拓展為異質(zhì)性、多樣化的假設(shè)；擴(kuò)展了歐盟區(qū)域差距問題的研究對(duì)象，從歐盟15國、老成員國的經(jīng)濟(jì)差距問題擴(kuò)展為歐盟27國、新老成員國之間以及成員國內(nèi)部區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)差距問題的研究；歐盟在解決區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)差距問題時(shí)所使用的區(qū)域政策以及各種基金，對(duì)中國解決相關(guān)問題具有重要的啟示作用和借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:Some economists believe that because of the restriction of scarcity of resources on economic development, the market economy will widen the regional economic disparity. Others believe that with the free flow of commodities and factors of production in different regions. Regional economic integration means that the member states of the regional organizations cancel the barriers restricting the free flow of commodities and factors of production, and remove the barriers affecting the free flow of commodities and factors of production. Its essence is to establish a cross-border relationship. The common market at national boundaries eliminates barriers to the free flow of various factors of production within regional organizations. Therefore, the study of the evolution of economic disparities among member countries within regional economic organizations and the evolution of regional economic disparities within member countries is an ideal example to analyze the relationship between market economy and regional disparities. Against the background of the continuous advancement of regional integration, this paper systematically analyzes the changes of regional economic disparities among EU Member States and within member states, and further explores the relationship between market economy and regional disparities.
Firstly, this paper defines the concept of economic integration, introduces the different organizational forms of regional economic integration from low-level to high-level development and the concrete realization forms of regional economic integration, including interregional trade, population migration, capital movement, technology diffusion and industrial transfer, and discusses the generation of regional disparity theoretically. In addition, since this paper studies the regional disparity in the context of economic integration, the historical process of EU integration is introduced in detail, from the European Coal and Steel Community to the European Community and then to Europe. With the deepening of the integration of EU and EU, it has become the most integrated regional economic organization in the world. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the regional disparity.
Secondly, this paper measures and analyzes the evolution of regional economic disparity in EU. On the one hand, it analyzes the evolution of regional economic disparity among EU member states. Then the evolution of regional economic disparity among EU Member States is measured and analyzed by using five indexes: coefficient of variation, Gini coefficient, Atkinson index, Taylor index and MDL index. From the_-convergence test, the economy of EU Member States has a more obvious convergence trend; but from the beta-convergence test, although the convergence trend exists, it is not obvious. On the other hand, the evolution of regional economic disparity within EU Member States is analyzed. The gap and its spatial distribution are introduced; then the evolution of regional economic disparity within EU Member States is measured and analyzed by using the coefficient of variation, Gini coefficient, Theil index and MDL index. The results show that there is strictness within EU member states, especially in the new member states of Central and Eastern Europe. Therefore, although the overall economy of the EU shows a convergence trend, it is mainly due to the narrowing of the economic gap between member states. Finally, the reasons for the widening of regional disparity within EU member states in recent years are analyzed.
Thirdly, this paper introduces the evolution of EU's regional policy and the means of implementing it, and evaluates the effect of EU's regional policy. Firstly, it analyzes the reasons for EU's formulation and implementation of regional policy, and introduces in detail the evolution process of EU's regional policy; secondly, it focuses on the introduction of EU's implementation of regional policy. The means used in the policy include structural funds, solidarity funds, pre-alliance aid funds and the support role of the European Investment Bank to the fund. The assistance of these funds promotes the economic development of the backward areas of the European Union and is an important tool to achieve the balanced development of the European Union. The model, EcoMod model and QUEST model are used to simulate the effect of EU regional policy implementation. The results show that the implementation of EU regional policy can increase the GDP growth of solidarity countries by 5%-10%, and create 2 million new jobs. The impact of regional policy is long-term. Finally, the problems of EU regional policy are analyzed, and from the EU regional policy implementation. From the point of view of regional policy cycle, the corresponding reform directions are put forward from the aspects of agenda setting, policy design and implementation, and policy evaluation and learning.
Finally, this paper analyzes the challenges to the balanced development of the European Union caused by the European debt crisis. The difficulty of restructuring has aggravated the structural imbalance of the EU economy, made it more difficult to coordinate European regional policies, aggravated the inherent contradictions among EU member states, increased the uncertainty of EU integration, and posed a major challenge to the balanced development of the EU region.
Under the background of economic integration, this paper studies the regional economic disparity of EU, analyzes the effect and effect of EU regional policy on economic cohesion, expands the theoretical premise of regional economic integration from homogeneity and non-diversification to heterogeneity and diversification. Objectives: The problem of economic disparity between the old and the 15 EU Member States has expanded into the study of regional economic disparity among the 27 EU countries, the old and the new member states, and the member states; the regional policies and funds used by the EU in solving the problem of regional economic disparity have important enlightenment and borrowing for China to solve related problems. Make sense.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F114.46
本文編號(hào)：2232501
[Abstract]:Some economists believe that because of the restriction of scarcity of resources on economic development, the market economy will widen the regional economic disparity. Others believe that with the free flow of commodities and factors of production in different regions. Regional economic integration means that the member states of the regional organizations cancel the barriers restricting the free flow of commodities and factors of production, and remove the barriers affecting the free flow of commodities and factors of production. Its essence is to establish a cross-border relationship. The common market at national boundaries eliminates barriers to the free flow of various factors of production within regional organizations. Therefore, the study of the evolution of economic disparities among member countries within regional economic organizations and the evolution of regional economic disparities within member countries is an ideal example to analyze the relationship between market economy and regional disparities. Against the background of the continuous advancement of regional integration, this paper systematically analyzes the changes of regional economic disparities among EU Member States and within member states, and further explores the relationship between market economy and regional disparities.
Firstly, this paper defines the concept of economic integration, introduces the different organizational forms of regional economic integration from low-level to high-level development and the concrete realization forms of regional economic integration, including interregional trade, population migration, capital movement, technology diffusion and industrial transfer, and discusses the generation of regional disparity theoretically. In addition, since this paper studies the regional disparity in the context of economic integration, the historical process of EU integration is introduced in detail, from the European Coal and Steel Community to the European Community and then to Europe. With the deepening of the integration of EU and EU, it has become the most integrated regional economic organization in the world. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the regional disparity.
Secondly, this paper measures and analyzes the evolution of regional economic disparity in EU. On the one hand, it analyzes the evolution of regional economic disparity among EU member states. Then the evolution of regional economic disparity among EU Member States is measured and analyzed by using five indexes: coefficient of variation, Gini coefficient, Atkinson index, Taylor index and MDL index. From the_-convergence test, the economy of EU Member States has a more obvious convergence trend; but from the beta-convergence test, although the convergence trend exists, it is not obvious. On the other hand, the evolution of regional economic disparity within EU Member States is analyzed. The gap and its spatial distribution are introduced; then the evolution of regional economic disparity within EU Member States is measured and analyzed by using the coefficient of variation, Gini coefficient, Theil index and MDL index. The results show that there is strictness within EU member states, especially in the new member states of Central and Eastern Europe. Therefore, although the overall economy of the EU shows a convergence trend, it is mainly due to the narrowing of the economic gap between member states. Finally, the reasons for the widening of regional disparity within EU member states in recent years are analyzed.
Thirdly, this paper introduces the evolution of EU's regional policy and the means of implementing it, and evaluates the effect of EU's regional policy. Firstly, it analyzes the reasons for EU's formulation and implementation of regional policy, and introduces in detail the evolution process of EU's regional policy; secondly, it focuses on the introduction of EU's implementation of regional policy. The means used in the policy include structural funds, solidarity funds, pre-alliance aid funds and the support role of the European Investment Bank to the fund. The assistance of these funds promotes the economic development of the backward areas of the European Union and is an important tool to achieve the balanced development of the European Union. The model, EcoMod model and QUEST model are used to simulate the effect of EU regional policy implementation. The results show that the implementation of EU regional policy can increase the GDP growth of solidarity countries by 5%-10%, and create 2 million new jobs. The impact of regional policy is long-term. Finally, the problems of EU regional policy are analyzed, and from the EU regional policy implementation. From the point of view of regional policy cycle, the corresponding reform directions are put forward from the aspects of agenda setting, policy design and implementation, and policy evaluation and learning.
Finally, this paper analyzes the challenges to the balanced development of the European Union caused by the European debt crisis. The difficulty of restructuring has aggravated the structural imbalance of the EU economy, made it more difficult to coordinate European regional policies, aggravated the inherent contradictions among EU member states, increased the uncertainty of EU integration, and posed a major challenge to the balanced development of the EU region.
Under the background of economic integration, this paper studies the regional economic disparity of EU, analyzes the effect and effect of EU regional policy on economic cohesion, expands the theoretical premise of regional economic integration from homogeneity and non-diversification to heterogeneity and diversification. Objectives: The problem of economic disparity between the old and the 15 EU Member States has expanded into the study of regional economic disparity among the 27 EU countries, the old and the new member states, and the member states; the regional policies and funds used by the EU in solving the problem of regional economic disparity have important enlightenment and borrowing for China to solve related problems. Make sense.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F114.46
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