【摘要】：改革開放以來，我國(guó)在經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)上取得了巨大成就。但中國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)是以大量的要素投入、犧牲資源和環(huán)境為代價(jià)的。而我國(guó)資源供求關(guān)系日益緊張，資源的稀缺性制約著我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的進(jìn)一步增長(zhǎng)，如何充分利用資源已成為國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)術(shù)界關(guān)注的重點(diǎn)。根據(jù)已有研究，本文在將自然資源分為可耗竭資源與可再生資源，可耗竭資源分為以煤、石油為代表的傳統(tǒng)可耗竭資源和以天然氣為代表的開采成本較高的可耗竭資源的基礎(chǔ)上，深入探究在經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的不同階段，各種資源對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的不同影響，這將是我國(guó)提高資源利用效率的關(guān)鍵所在。而現(xiàn)有研究忽略了資源分類在不同階段對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的區(qū)別性作用。為了解決這一問題，本文基于西方經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)中的內(nèi)生經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)理論，并和資源與環(huán)境經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)中的自然資源可持續(xù)利用理論相結(jié)合，進(jìn)一步揭示了自然資源與經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的內(nèi)在關(guān)系，同時(shí)也為我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的可持續(xù)增長(zhǎng)提供一定的理論支撐。 本文分為五章。第一章介紹了研究的背景和意義、本文的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)與研究方法，并回顧了古典增長(zhǎng)理論、新古典增長(zhǎng)理論和新增長(zhǎng)理論對(duì)此問題的研究成果；第二章對(duì)自然資源、經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)、資源對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的驅(qū)動(dòng)效應(yīng)和約束效應(yīng)等概念做了界定；第三章從理論角度分析了資源對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)“驅(qū)動(dòng)”和“約束”的雙重效應(yīng)，并對(duì)不同資源約束下的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)階段進(jìn)行了比較，為了在不同的增長(zhǎng)階段都能使經(jīng)濟(jì)走上平穩(wěn)增長(zhǎng)的路徑，本章最后探究了各種資源間替代的可能性；第四章將資源要素引入生產(chǎn)函數(shù)，首先進(jìn)行了相應(yīng)數(shù)理模型的構(gòu)造，然后構(gòu)建面板數(shù)據(jù)模型，在經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的不同階段，實(shí)證檢驗(yàn)了不同自然資源對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)影響的差異性；第五章總結(jié)了本文的結(jié)論，回顧了創(chuàng)新之處及需要進(jìn)一步研究的問題，并提出了資源開采和利用要“因地制宜”和“因時(shí)制宜”、通過技術(shù)進(jìn)步降低自然資源的開采成本、憑借制度創(chuàng)新提高自然資源的利用效率這三條政策建議。 基于全文的分析，我們可以看出：（1）隨著煤、石油和天然氣資源投入的不斷增長(zhǎng)，對(duì)應(yīng)的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)歷程分別呈現(xiàn)倒“U”、倒“U”和“U”型曲線軌跡；（2）從整體來看，未能找到可再生資源對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)驅(qū)動(dòng)效應(yīng)的充分證據(jù)，但相對(duì)而言，較發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)的負(fù)向約束效應(yīng)相對(duì)較弱；（3）在經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的不同階段，經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)所依賴的資源由煤、石油等傳統(tǒng)可耗竭資源轉(zhuǎn)向開采成本較高的天然氣，并最終過渡到可再生資源�？傊瑢�(shí)現(xiàn)由煤、石油向天然氣的轉(zhuǎn)換，以及可再生資源對(duì)可耗竭資源的逐步替代，，是推動(dòng)我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)增長(zhǎng)的必由之路。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China has made great achievements in economic construction. However, China's economic growth is at the expense of resources and environment at the expense of a large number of factors. However, the supply and demand of our resources is increasingly tense. The scarcity of resources has restricted the further growth of our economy. How to make full use of resources has become a domestic and foreign academic. Based on the existing research, this paper divides natural resources into exhaustible and renewable resources, and the exhaustible resources are divided into traditional exhaustible resources represented by coal, oil and high cost of exploitation of natural gas. The different effects of source on economic growth will be the key to improving the efficiency of resource utilization in China. The existing research ignores the difference effect of resource classification on economic growth at different stages. In order to solve this problem, this paper is based on the endogenous economic growth theory in western economics and natural resources and the nature of environmental economics. Combining the theory of sustainable utilization of resources, the internal relationship between natural resources and economic growth is further revealed, and it also provides some theoretical support for the sustainable growth of China's economy.
This article is divided into five chapters. The first chapter introduces the background and significance of the study, the logical structure and research methods of this paper, and reviews the achievements of the classical growth theory, the new classical growth theory and the new growth theory, and the second chapter is on the concepts of natural resources, economic growth, the driving and constraint effects of resources to the economy and so on. The third chapter analyzes the dual effects of "driving" and "constraint" on economic growth from the theoretical point of view, and compares the economic growth stage under the constraints of different resources. In order to make the economy on the path of steady growth in different stages of growth, this chapter finally explores the possibility of alternative resources among various resources. In the fourth chapter, the resource elements are introduced to the production function. First, the corresponding mathematical model is constructed, and then the panel data model is constructed. In the different stages of economic growth, the difference of the influence of different natural resources on economic growth is tested. The fifth chapter summarizes the conclusions of this paper, and reviews the innovation and further research. The three policy suggestions are put forward that the exploitation and utilization of resources should be "adapted to local conditions" and "according to current conditions", to reduce the cost of exploitation of natural resources through technological progress, and to improve the utilization efficiency of natural resources by system innovation.
Based on the full text analysis, we can see: (1) with the continuous growth of coal, oil and gas resources, the corresponding economic growth process is inverted "U", "U" and "U" curve trajectory, and (2) from the overall point of view, no sufficient evidence of the driving effect of renewable resources on economic growth is found, but relatively, more than that. The negative constraint effect of the developed areas is relatively weak; (3) in the different stages of economic growth, the resources that the economic growth depends on are shifted from coal, oil and other traditional exhaustible resources to higher cost of natural gas, and eventually to renewable resources. In a word, the conversion of coal, oil to natural gas and renewable resources are consumable. The gradual replacement of exhaustible resources is the only way to promote sustained economic growth in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F124.1;F205

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