本文選題：產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)變遷 + 城鄉(xiāng)收入差距��； 參考：《重慶師范大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)變遷對(duì)居民收入分配有著重要的影響,二者之間有著緊密的聯(lián)系。一般來(lái)講,居民收入分配差距存在城市居民收入差距、城鄉(xiāng)居民收入差距,農(nóng)村居民收入差距,本文重點(diǎn)研究了城鄉(xiāng)居民收入差距。本文從理論和實(shí)證兩方面分析了湖北1981—2013年產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的變遷對(duì)城鄉(xiāng)收入差距產(chǎn)生影響的原因和結(jié)果。首先,本文介紹了產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)變遷和收入分配的相關(guān)理論,試圖從理論上揭示產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)變遷對(duì)城鄉(xiāng)收入差距影響的內(nèi)在機(jī)理,分析了產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)影響要素邊際報(bào)酬、就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、城鎮(zhèn)化三個(gè)方面間接對(duì)城鄉(xiāng)收入差距產(chǎn)生影響的作用機(jī)理,接著分析了湖北產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)和城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的現(xiàn)狀。計(jì)算了湖北三次產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)偏離度,分析得出第一產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)偏離度為負(fù)數(shù),即第一產(chǎn)業(yè)存在大量剩余勞動(dòng)力,第二、第三產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)偏離度為正數(shù),還具備吸納勞動(dòng)力的能力,為縮小城鄉(xiāng)收入差距,引導(dǎo)第一產(chǎn)業(yè)剩余勞動(dòng)力向第二、第三產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移。接著,通過(guò)泰爾指數(shù)構(gòu)建了非農(nóng)產(chǎn)業(yè)產(chǎn)值占比的變動(dòng)對(duì)城鄉(xiāng)收入差距影響的數(shù)理模型,分析得出非農(nóng)產(chǎn)業(yè)產(chǎn)值比重的提升對(duì)城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的影響是先擴(kuò)大,然后縮小。然后,選取了非農(nóng)產(chǎn)業(yè)占比、經(jīng)濟(jì)服務(wù)化水平、城鄉(xiāng)收入差距三個(gè)變量構(gòu)建VAR模型,通過(guò)協(xié)整檢驗(yàn)得出其存在長(zhǎng)期的協(xié)整關(guān)系,接著應(yīng)用Granger因果檢驗(yàn)和脈沖響應(yīng)函數(shù)分析,得出非農(nóng)產(chǎn)業(yè)比重和經(jīng)濟(jì)服務(wù)化水平都是城鄉(xiāng)收入差距擴(kuò)大的Granger原因,分別給其一個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差的信息沖擊,對(duì)城鄉(xiāng)收入差距都保持正的影響,但作用的程度不同,其中非農(nóng)產(chǎn)業(yè)比重的脈沖響應(yīng)效應(yīng)在后期有轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)樨?fù)的趨勢(shì),在一定程度上和數(shù)理理論模型得出的結(jié)果吻合,使得研究結(jié)果存在佐證的關(guān)系。但第三產(chǎn)業(yè)在非農(nóng)產(chǎn)業(yè)產(chǎn)值中占比的提高并不一定能有效縮小城鄉(xiāng)收入差距,第三產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展有助于提高農(nóng)村居民收入,但城市居民從中獲益更大�；谝陨戏治�,可以得出湖北產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)變遷對(duì)城鄉(xiāng)收入差距產(chǎn)生了深刻的影響。優(yōu)化和調(diào)整產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu),對(duì)縮小湖北城鄉(xiāng)居民收入具有重要意義。本文根據(jù)湖北地區(qū)實(shí)際情況,給出相應(yīng)政策建議,提出要從發(fā)展現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè),提高城鎮(zhèn)化質(zhì)量和優(yōu)化非農(nóng)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)三條措施縮小城鄉(xiāng)收入差距。
[Abstract]:The change of industrial structure has an important influence on the income distribution of residents, and there is a close relation between them. Generally speaking, there exists income gap among urban residents, between urban and rural residents, and between rural residents. This paper focuses on the income gap between urban and rural residents. This paper analyzes the causes and results of the changes of industrial structure in Hubei Province from 1981 to 2013 to the income gap between urban and rural areas from both theoretical and empirical aspects. Firstly, this paper introduces the theories of industrial structure change and income distribution, tries to reveal the internal mechanism of industrial structure change on the income gap between urban and rural areas theoretically, and analyzes the marginal reward and employment structure of industrial structure influence factors. The mechanism of the indirect influence of urbanization on the income gap between urban and rural areas is analyzed, and then the industrial structure and the current situation of urban-rural income gap in Hubei Province are analyzed. After calculating the deviation degree of three industrial structures in Hubei Province, it is concluded that the deviation degree of the primary industrial structure is negative, that is, the first industry has a large number of surplus labor force, the second, the third industry structure deviation degree is positive, and it also has the ability to absorb labor force. In order to narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas, guide the transfer of surplus labor force to the second and third industries. Then, the mathematical model of the effect of the change of output value of non-agricultural industry on the income gap between urban and rural areas is constructed through the Thiel index, and the effect of the increase of the proportion of non-agricultural industry output value on the urban-rural income gap is first enlarged and then reduced. Then, the VAR model is constructed by selecting three variables: the proportion of non-agricultural industries, the level of economic service and the income gap between urban and rural areas. The long-term cointegration relationship is obtained by cointegration test, and then the Granger causality test and impulse response function are used to analyze the VAR model. It is concluded that both the proportion of non-agricultural industries and the level of economic service are the Granger reasons for the widening of the urban-rural income gap, which gives it a standard deviation information shock, and maintains a positive impact on the urban-rural income gap, but to a different extent. The pulse response effect of non-agricultural industry has a trend of negative in the later stage, which is consistent with the results obtained by mathematical theoretical model to a certain extent, which makes the research results have a supporting relationship. However, the increase of the proportion of tertiary industry in the output value of non-agricultural industries does not necessarily reduce the income gap between urban and rural areas effectively. The development of tertiary industry helps to improve the income of rural residents, but the urban residents benefit more from it. Based on the above analysis, it can be concluded that the changes of industrial structure in Hubei have a profound impact on the income gap between urban and rural areas. Optimizing and adjusting the industrial structure is of great significance to reducing the income of urban and rural residents in Hubei. According to the actual situation in Hubei province, this paper puts forward three measures to narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas, such as developing modern agriculture, improving the quality of urbanization and optimizing the structure of non-agricultural industries.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：F121.3;F124.7

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