本文選題：勞動(dòng)收入占比 + 產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)��； 參考：《重慶大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：改革開放以來，中國經(jīng)濟(jì)取得長足進(jìn)步。但居民可支配收入的增速卻相當(dāng)緩慢，并且伴隨居民收入差距擴(kuò)大。學(xué)者們認(rèn)為，逐漸擴(kuò)大的收入差距和投資規(guī)模，以及消費(fèi)不足等都與國民收入的初次分配格局密切相關(guān)。而我國勞動(dòng)要素收入?yún)s在2011年下降至44.94%，遠(yuǎn)低于多數(shù)發(fā)展中國家及發(fā)達(dá)國家所處的55%—65%的水平。因此本文的主要目的便是尋找影響我國勞動(dòng)收入占比的主要因素，并對(duì)其影響機(jī)制進(jìn)行研究。 本文在產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)層面及部門內(nèi)部層面對(duì)勞動(dòng)收入占比的影響因素進(jìn)行了研究。對(duì)勞動(dòng)收入占比的分解結(jié)果顯示我國勞動(dòng)收入占比的變動(dòng)由產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)變化效應(yīng)占主導(dǎo)向部門內(nèi)部效應(yīng)占主導(dǎo)轉(zhuǎn)變。1993—2003年間，產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)變化能解釋我國勞動(dòng)收入占比變動(dòng)的90%以上，而2004—2011年間，勞動(dòng)收入占比變化的80%是由部門內(nèi)部勞動(dòng)報(bào)酬的變動(dòng)引起的。而通過建立以CD函數(shù)為基礎(chǔ)的推導(dǎo)模型，本文認(rèn)為影響我國勞動(dòng)收入占比的影響因素有勞動(dòng)力實(shí)際成本、資本深化、偏向型技術(shù)進(jìn)步以及要素市場(chǎng)的扭曲。 利用2005—2009年省級(jí)面板數(shù)據(jù)的進(jìn)行計(jì)量分析之后，本文認(rèn)為資本深化并沒有降低勞動(dòng)收入占比，反而對(duì)勞動(dòng)收入占比具有正面效應(yīng)，原因是資本與勞動(dòng)仍是互補(bǔ)關(guān)系，資本積累更多用于擴(kuò)大再生產(chǎn)，能吸引更多勞動(dòng)投入生產(chǎn)，促進(jìn)社會(huì)工資的提高；民營化也對(duì)勞動(dòng)收入占比具有正面效應(yīng)，因?yàn)榉菄薪?jīng)濟(jì)面對(duì)與國有經(jīng)濟(jì)不同的要素價(jià)格，使其更多地集中于勞動(dòng)密集型行業(yè)并傾向于選擇勞動(dòng)增強(qiáng)型技術(shù)進(jìn)步；外資流入及地方政府之間的招商引資競賽使得勞動(dòng)的議價(jià)能力被犧牲，因此對(duì)勞動(dòng)收入占比具有負(fù)效應(yīng)；而要素市場(chǎng)的扭曲使得勞動(dòng)要素不能獲取與其貢獻(xiàn)程度相匹配的報(bào)酬，因此其是造成我國勞動(dòng)收入占比低水平的重要原因。 針對(duì)以上結(jié)論，本文認(rèn)為應(yīng)繼續(xù)推進(jìn)國有企業(yè)改革，提高國企效率，并支持民營經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展；改善地方政府政績考核機(jī)制，并制定和完善相關(guān)政策法規(guī)以加大對(duì)勞動(dòng)力正當(dāng)權(quán)益的保護(hù)，消除勞動(dòng)力流動(dòng)限制，，以減輕勞動(dòng)要素市場(chǎng)的扭曲。保護(hù)勞動(dòng)者合理報(bào)酬的同時(shí)，還應(yīng)增加居民的財(cái)產(chǎn)性收入，使得勞動(dòng)者不僅獲得勞動(dòng)報(bào)酬，更充分分享資本增殖的成果，從而縮小社會(huì)收入差距，提高社會(huì)福利。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's economy has made considerable progress. But the growth rate of resident disposable income is quite slow, and accompanied by the widening income gap. Scholars believe that the widening income gap and investment scale, as well as insufficient consumption are closely related to the initial distribution pattern of national income. However, the income of labor factors in China declined to 44.94% in 2011, which is far lower than the level of 55-65% in most developing countries and developed countries. Therefore, the main purpose of this paper is to find out the main factors that affect the labor income in China, and to study its influence mechanism. In this paper, the industrial structure and the internal level of labor income impact factors were studied. The result of the decomposition of labor income ratio shows that the change of labor income share in China has changed from the industrial structure effect to the internal effect from 1993 to 2003. The change of industrial structure can explain more than 90% of the change of labor income in our country. In 2004-2011, 80% of the change of labor income is caused by the change of labor remuneration within the department. By establishing a model based on CD function, this paper holds that the factors influencing the proportion of labor income in China are actual labor cost, capital deepening, biased technological progress and distortion of factor market. Based on the econometric analysis of provincial panel data from 2005 to 2009, this paper concludes that capital deepening does not reduce the proportion of labor income, but has a positive effect on the proportion of labor income, because capital and labor still complement each other. More capital accumulation for expanding reproduction can attract more labor into production and promote higher social wages. Privatization also has a positive effect on the share of labour income, as the non-state-owned economy is faced with factor prices that differ from those of the state-owned economy. It focuses more on the labor-intensive industries and tends to choose the labor-enhanced technological progress, the inflow of foreign capital and the competition between the local governments to attract investment make the bargaining power of labor be sacrificed, so it has a negative effect on the proportion of labor income. The distortion of the factor market makes the labor factor can not get the reward matching with its contribution degree, so it is the important reason of the low labor income ratio in our country. In view of the above conclusions, this paper holds that we should continue to promote the reform of state-owned enterprises, improve the efficiency of state-owned enterprises, and support the development of private economy, and improve the performance assessment mechanism of local governments. And make and perfect the relevant policies and regulations to strengthen the protection of the legitimate rights and interests of the labor force, eliminate the restrictions of labor flow, and reduce the distortion of the labor factor market. While protecting the reasonable remuneration of the laborer, we should also increase the property income of the residents, so that the laborer can not only get the labor reward, but also share the fruits of the capital multiplication more fully, so as to narrow the social income gap and improve the social welfare.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F124.7;F249.24

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本文編號(hào)：1957640