本文選題：區(qū)域創(chuàng)新能力差異 + 網(wǎng)絡基礎設施的兩面性�。� 參考：《南開大學》2013年博士論文

【摘要】：自我國統(tǒng)籌區(qū)域發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略提出以來,區(qū)域增長差異是中國區(qū)域研究的熱點,而區(qū)域創(chuàng)新能力差異是其根本原因。因此,探討區(qū)域創(chuàng)新能力差異形成的影響因素對縮小我國區(qū)域經(jīng)濟發(fā)展差距具有重要意義。 伴隨著中國經(jīng)濟高速增長,中國的網(wǎng)絡基礎設施也有了很大的發(fā)展,并成為中國區(qū)域經(jīng)濟增長中最重要的影響因素之一。研究中國區(qū)域創(chuàng)新和網(wǎng)絡基礎設施的空間分布,我們可以看出網(wǎng)絡基礎設施和區(qū)域創(chuàng)新能力之間存在很強的空間相關性：第一,網(wǎng)絡基礎設施發(fā)達的地區(qū)同時也是中國區(qū)域經(jīng)濟和創(chuàng)新能力發(fā)達的地區(qū);第二,具有完善網(wǎng)絡基礎設施和相似創(chuàng)新基礎的相鄰區(qū)域其創(chuàng)新差異不斷在縮小,而網(wǎng)絡基礎設施落后和創(chuàng)新基礎相差較遠的區(qū)域群其創(chuàng)新差異不斷在擴大。因此,研究網(wǎng)絡基礎設施和區(qū)域創(chuàng)新能力差異之間的內(nèi)在邏輯關系對于認識區(qū)域創(chuàng)新能力和經(jīng)濟增長差異的形成具有重要作用。 本研究在梳理國內(nèi)外相關文獻和研究中國區(qū)域網(wǎng)絡基礎設施和創(chuàng)新空間分布的基礎上,提出了網(wǎng)絡基礎設施對區(qū)域創(chuàng)新能力的兩面性影響：即網(wǎng)絡基礎設施對區(qū)域創(chuàng)新能力具有空間溢出效應和門限效應,并對其進行了理論探討。 網(wǎng)絡基礎設施對區(qū)域創(chuàng)新能力的空間溢出效應可以從以下兩個方面來理解：第一,網(wǎng)絡基礎設施的改善會提高一個區(qū)域的投資環(huán)境,擴大區(qū)域市場規(guī)模,深化分工和提高專業(yè)化水平,從而產(chǎn)生知識的專業(yè)化生產(chǎn)部門,同時,眾多創(chuàng)新生產(chǎn)要素在某個區(qū)域的集聚有利于區(qū)域內(nèi)隱性知識的溢出,從而提高區(qū)域的創(chuàng)新生產(chǎn)效率,產(chǎn)生空間層面的技術報酬遞增,在空間層面的技術報酬遞增驅(qū)使和網(wǎng)絡基礎設施對空間成本的減少下,創(chuàng)新生產(chǎn)要素和高技術企業(yè)向技術水平高的區(qū)域轉(zhuǎn)移并形成疊加效應,進一步吸引創(chuàng)新生產(chǎn)要素和高技術企業(yè)加速向技術水平高的地區(qū)流動,最終形成強者更強、弱者更弱的累積循環(huán)機制；第二,雖然區(qū)域創(chuàng)新資源對區(qū)域創(chuàng)新能力有重要影響,但是據(jù)知識區(qū)際可溢出理論和現(xiàn)實情況,隱性知識的跨區(qū)域溢出是現(xiàn)實存在的,也是區(qū)域創(chuàng)新能力差異的重要影響因素。比如陜西和江蘇,2007年陜西和江蘇創(chuàng)新投入比為1：1.4,而創(chuàng)新產(chǎn)出比卻為1：4.5,因此,隱性知識的跨區(qū)域溢出對區(qū)域創(chuàng)新能力也有重要影響。隱性知識跨區(qū)域溢出需要滿足的條件比較苛刻,完善的網(wǎng)絡基礎設施會降低空間成本,影響人力資本流動,貿(mào)易投資和往來頻率,區(qū)域知識存量和文化背景導致隱性知識的跨區(qū)域溢出,最終形成了區(qū)域技術集群。 另一方面,網(wǎng)絡基礎設施對發(fā)展中國家的技術吸收能力也有很大的影響,發(fā)達國家和地區(qū)的前沿技術是否能被發(fā)展中國家或者地區(qū)獲得并應用于生產(chǎn)取決于前沿技術的溢出程度以及接受方的知識吸收能力,而接受方的網(wǎng)絡基礎設施條件越完善,則接受技術溢出的能力越強,即網(wǎng)絡基礎設施對區(qū)域創(chuàng)新能力具有門限效應。 總體而言,網(wǎng)絡基礎設施對區(qū)域創(chuàng)新能力的影響具有兩面性,網(wǎng)絡基礎設施對區(qū)域創(chuàng)新能力發(fā)展的空間溢出效應和門限效應對區(qū)域創(chuàng)新能力的差異性發(fā)展產(chǎn)生了重要影響。 理論梳理完網(wǎng)絡基礎設施對區(qū)域創(chuàng)新能力的空間溢出效應和門限效應之后,本文對網(wǎng)絡基礎設施的兩面性做了實證檢驗。首先,本文運用門限效應數(shù)據(jù)模型對交通基礎設施的門限效應做了實證分析,結(jié)果顯示區(qū)域創(chuàng)新能力確實具有交通基礎設施門檻,其中我國東部地區(qū)和少數(shù)中部地區(qū)的交通基礎設施可以有效的接受其他地區(qū)的知識溢出,而大部分中部地區(qū)和西部地區(qū)則無法有效吸收來自其他地區(qū)的知識溢出。其次,本文使用由四類不同空間權(quán)重矩陣構(gòu)建的空間杜賓模型對網(wǎng)絡基礎設施的空間溢出效應做了實證檢驗,結(jié)果顯示：1.電信基礎設施在由四類空間權(quán)重矩陣構(gòu)建的空間杜賓模型中對其他區(qū)域創(chuàng)新能力的影響都為負,說明電信基礎設施對區(qū)域創(chuàng)新能力的集聚發(fā)展起到了重要影響,并且電信基礎設施對其他區(qū)域創(chuàng)新能力的作用大小更大程度上受到經(jīng)濟發(fā)展差距、市場規(guī)模差距的影響；2.交通基礎設施在由四類空間權(quán)重矩陣構(gòu)建的空間杜賓模型中對其他區(qū)域創(chuàng)新能力的影響都為正,說明交通基礎設施對區(qū)域創(chuàng)新能力的集聚和集群發(fā)展起到了重要作用,并且交通基礎設施對周邊區(qū)域創(chuàng)新能力的作用大小更大程度上受到交通通達性的影響。 區(qū)域創(chuàng)新能力差異是區(qū)域經(jīng)濟差異性發(fā)展的內(nèi)在原因,本文在理論分析網(wǎng)絡基礎設施對區(qū)域創(chuàng)新能力差異性發(fā)展的基礎上梳理了網(wǎng)絡基礎設施、區(qū)域創(chuàng)新能力差異和區(qū)域經(jīng)濟發(fā)展差異之間的關系。最后,本文給出了政策建議、論文研究的局限及未來的研究展望。
[Abstract]:Since the strategy of regional development in China is proposed, regional growth difference is the hot spot of regional research in China, and the difference of regional innovation ability is the fundamental reason. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore the factors that influence the difference of regional innovation ability to narrow the gap of regional economic development in China.
With the rapid growth of China's economy, China's network infrastructure has also developed greatly, and has become one of the most important factors affecting China's regional economic growth. The study of the spatial distribution of regional innovation and network infrastructure in China shows that there is a strong space between the infrastructure and regional innovation capability of the network. Correlation: first, the area with developed network infrastructure is also a developed region of China's regional economy and innovation ability; second, the innovation differences of the adjacent areas with the perfect network infrastructure and the basis of similar innovation are narrowing, and the innovation differences of the regional groups with a backward network infrastructure and a far difference in the innovation base Therefore, the internal logical relationship between the network infrastructure and the regional innovation ability is important to the understanding of regional innovation ability and the formation of economic growth differences.
On the basis of combing the relevant literature at home and abroad and studying the spatial distribution of regional network infrastructure and innovation in China, this paper puts forward the two effects of network infrastructure on Regional Innovation Capability: the spatial spillover effect and threshold effect of network infrastructure to regional innovation ability, and the theoretical discussion on it.
The spatial spillover effect of network infrastructure on regional innovation ability can be understood from the following two aspects: first, the improvement of the network infrastructure will improve the investment environment of a region, expand the scale of the regional market, deepen the division of labor and improve the level of specialization so as to produce the specialized production department with knowledge, at the same time, many innovative students The agglomeration of factors in a region is beneficial to the spillover of hidden knowledge in the region, thus improving the efficiency of innovation production in the region, increasing the technological reward in the space level, increasing the technological reward in the space level and reducing the space cost by the network infrastructure, creating new production factors and high technology enterprises to the high level of technology. The regional transfer and the formation of superposition effect further attract innovative production factors and high-tech enterprises to speed up the flow of areas with high technical level, and eventually form a stronger and weaker cumulative circulation mechanism of the strong and weak. Second, although regional innovation resources have a heavy impact on regional innovation ability, the theory and current knowledge of regional spillover theory and now In fact, the cross regional spillover of tacit knowledge is a real existence, and it is also an important factor affecting regional innovation ability. For example, Shaanxi and Jiangsu, the innovation input ratio of Shaanxi and Jiangsu in 2007 is 1:1.4, and the ratio of innovation output is 1:4.5. Therefore, the cross regional overflow of tacit knowledge also has an important influence on regional innovation ability. The conditions that need to be met for cross regional spillovers are more stringent. A perfect network infrastructure will reduce the cost of space, affect the flow of human capital, trade and investment and frequency, the regional knowledge stock and cultural background lead to the cross regional spillover of tacit knowledge, and eventually form a regional technology cluster.
On the other hand, the network infrastructure has a great influence on the technological absorptive capacity of the developing countries. Whether the advanced technologies of developed countries and regions can be obtained and applied to the developing countries or regions depends on the spillover of the frontier technology and the knowledge absorptive capacity of the recipient, and the network infrastructure of the recipient. The more perfect the conditions, the stronger the ability to accept technology spillovers, that is, network infrastructure has a threshold effect on regional innovation capability.
On the whole, the impact of network infrastructure on regional innovation ability is two sides. The spatial spillover effect and threshold effect of network infrastructure on regional innovation ability have an important impact on the difference development of regional innovation ability.
After combing the spatial spillover effect and threshold effect of network infrastructure to regional innovation ability, this paper makes an empirical test on the dual nature of the network infrastructure. First, the threshold effect of the traffic infrastructure is analyzed by the threshold effect data model, and the results show that the regional innovation ability does have an intersection. Through the threshold of infrastructure, the transportation infrastructure in the eastern part of China and a few central areas can effectively accept knowledge spillovers from other areas, while most of the central and western regions can not effectively absorb knowledge spillovers from other areas. Secondly, this paper makes space constructed by four different spatial weight matrices. The Dubin model tests the spatial spillover effects of the network infrastructure. The results show that the 1. telecommunication infrastructure has a negative impact on the other regional innovation ability in the spatial doberen model constructed by the four kind of spatial weight matrix, which shows that the telecommunication infrastructure has played an important role in the agglomeration development of the regional innovation ability. And the effect of telecommunication infrastructure on other regional innovation ability is greatly influenced by economic development gap and market size gap; 2. the influence of traffic infrastructure on the innovation ability of other regions is positive in the spatial doberen model constructed by the four kind of spatial weight matrix, which shows that the traffic infrastructure has the regional innovation. The agglomeration of capacity and the development of cluster play an important role, and the effect of traffic infrastructure on the surrounding regional innovation ability is greatly influenced by the accessibility of traffic.
The difference of regional innovation ability is the inner reason of regional economic differential development. In this paper, the relationship between network infrastructure, regional innovation ability difference and regional economic development difference is combed on the basis of theoretical analysis on the difference development of regional innovation capability. Finally, the paper gives the policy suggestions and research papers. Limitations and future research prospects.
【學位授予單位】：南開大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F49;F127

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