本文選題：安徽農(nóng)村 + 非正規(guī)金融�。� 參考：《安徽農(nóng)業(yè)大學》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：安徽農(nóng)村在經(jīng)濟體制改革和中部崛起戰(zhàn)略的推動下，已逐漸擺脫了相對貧困的局面，農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟得到迅速發(fā)展。經(jīng)濟發(fā)展需要大量流動資金支持，而安徽農(nóng)村地區(qū)因地理條件和歷史條件限制，農(nóng)戶自有資金有限、政策性支農(nóng)資金覆蓋面狹窄、正規(guī)金融機構處于降低成本和分散風險的考慮逐步減少對農(nóng)村信貸資金的投放，直接導致了農(nóng)村農(nóng)戶及企業(yè)無法從正規(guī)金融渠道獲得資金。面對發(fā)展機遇，安徽農(nóng)戶及中小企業(yè)沒有坐以待斃，而是紛紛轉向非正規(guī)金融渠道進行融資。所以，從目前來看，只依靠單純的正規(guī)金融市場已很難滿足安徽農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟主體的發(fā)展需要，長期處于隱蔽狀態(tài)的農(nóng)村非正規(guī)金融活動在很大程度上替代了正規(guī)金融對經(jīng)濟增長的影響作用。但長期以來，非正規(guī)金融問題一直被政府部門和金融監(jiān)管當局所忽視甚至敵視，常被冠以“擾亂金融秩序”罪名打擊或者限制，并未取得與其地位相符的身份。可是，非正規(guī)金融活動并沒有因此而退出農(nóng)村市場，反而愈加顯現(xiàn)出活躍的狀態(tài)。 本文首先介紹了非正規(guī)金融存在的基本形式及特征，從表現(xiàn)形式上直觀顯示出其與正規(guī)金融的不同之處，并從理論和安徽農(nóng)村實際情況出發(fā)回顧了非正規(guī)金融蓬勃發(fā)展的原因。其次利用宏觀經(jīng)濟學和計量學原理從實證角度分析了非正規(guī)金融對安徽農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟增長的影響，闡明了農(nóng)村非正規(guī)金融相對于正規(guī)金融在融資成本、借貸相關手續(xù)、資金的可獲得性方面具有比較優(yōu)勢，指出了非正規(guī)金融在安徽農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟發(fā)展和農(nóng)民生活水平提高方面利大于弊，政府及金融監(jiān)管部門應正視非正規(guī)金融的存在。 由于產(chǎn)生于農(nóng)村金融市場內(nèi)部，沒有有效的約束機制及內(nèi)部控制制度，安徽農(nóng)村非正規(guī)金融也存在著許多弊端，如經(jīng)營的不規(guī)范性、高風險性、投機性、隱蔽性等。這些缺陷直接導致農(nóng)村資金流向不可控制，削弱了國家宏觀調(diào)控政策對于農(nóng)村地區(qū)的影響，在一定程度上干擾了正常的農(nóng)村金融秩序，嚴重時更會引起社會的不安定。因此政府及相關金融部門應從安徽農(nóng)村實際情況出發(fā)，對農(nóng)村非正規(guī)金融進行積極的引導和合理的利用，因勢利導，趨利避害，構建和諧的正規(guī)金融和非正規(guī)金融并存的二元金融結構，促進安徽農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展實現(xiàn)質(zhì)的飛躍。
[Abstract]:Driven by the reform of economic system and the strategy of the rise of central China, Anhui rural areas have gradually got rid of the situation of relative poverty, and the rural economy has been developed rapidly. Economic development needs a large number of working capital support, while in rural areas of Anhui, due to geographical and historical constraints, farmers have limited funds of their own, and the coverage of policy-oriented funds for supporting agriculture is narrow. Formal financial institutions in the consideration of reducing costs and dispersing risks gradually reduce the investment of rural credit funds which directly leads to rural farmers and enterprises can not obtain funds from formal financial channels. In the face of development opportunities, Anhui farmers and small and medium-sized enterprises do not sit idly by, but turn to informal financial channels to finance. Therefore, from the point of view of the present, it is difficult to meet the needs of the development of Anhui rural economic main body by relying solely on the formal financial market. Rural informal financial activities, which have been hidden for a long time, have largely replaced the influence of formal finance on economic growth. However, for a long time, informal financial problems have been ignored or even hostile by government departments and financial regulatory authorities. They are often punished or restricted by the charge of "disrupting the financial order", and have not been accorded with their status. However, informal financial activities did not withdraw from the rural market, but became more active. This paper first introduces the basic forms and characteristics of informal finance, and shows the differences between informal finance and formal finance in the form of expression, and reviews the reasons for the vigorous development of informal finance from the perspective of theory and the actual situation of Anhui rural areas. Secondly, using macroeconomics and metrology principle, this paper analyzes the impact of informal finance on Anhui rural economic growth from an empirical point of view, and clarifies the financing cost, borrowing and related procedures of rural informal finance in relation to formal finance. This paper points out that informal finance has more advantages than disadvantages in the development of rural economy and the improvement of farmers' living standard in Anhui province. The government and financial supervision department should face up to the existence of informal finance. Due to the absence of effective restraint mechanism and internal control system, there are many disadvantages in rural informal finance in Anhui province, such as non-standard management, high risk, speculation, concealment and so on. These defects directly lead to the uncontrollable flow of rural funds, weaken the influence of national macro-control policies on rural areas, disturb the normal rural financial order to a certain extent, and cause social instability when serious. Therefore, the government and related financial departments should proceed from the actual situation of Anhui rural areas, actively guide and make rational use of rural informal finance, so as to guide the situation and avoid the disadvantages. The construction of a harmonious dual financial structure of formal finance and informal finance promotes the development of Anhui rural economy and society to achieve a qualitative leap.
【學位授予單位】：安徽農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F127;F832.7

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