本文選題：碳稅 + 陜西省三大區(qū)域��； 參考：《西安石油大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：在全球變暖的大背景下，，碳稅被國際上公認(rèn)為是最有效的減排措施。作為能源消耗大國和CO_2排放大國之一，我國政府于2009年在國際上做出了積極減排的承諾，并準(zhǔn)備適時于2012-2013年開征碳稅。陜西省作為我國的能源大省，隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速增長，因大量消耗化石燃料而引發(fā)的cq排放壓力越來越大。在陜西省內(nèi)，因經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平、資源稟賦和產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的不同分為關(guān)中、陜北和陜南三大區(qū)域。在擬^u征碳稅的新形勢下，本文著眼于這三大區(qū)域碳排放的特點(diǎn)以及碳稅征收將會給這些地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展造成的影響，旨在提出相關(guān)政策建議，使這些地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)實現(xiàn)?持續(xù)發(fā)展。 本文首先對丌征碳稅的國際國內(nèi)背景進(jìn)行了介紹，并對碳稅的國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了綜述及評價，歸納出碳稅的概念、理論基礎(chǔ)、基本稅制要索等。其次，介紹了W外部分國家丌征碳稅的實踐及主要經(jīng)驗。緊接養(yǎng)，本文將陜西省劃分為三大區(qū)域，并先后分析了陜西哲總體及三大K域的碳排放現(xiàn)狀。在實證分析部分，首先從經(jīng)濟(jì)增長、能源消費(fèi)和收入分配三大層面就碳稅征收對經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)生的影響進(jìn)行了說明。之后構(gòu)建改進(jìn)后的Cobb-Douglas生產(chǎn)函數(shù)模型，運(yùn)用面板數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行估算，從經(jīng)濟(jì)增長、能源消費(fèi)和收入分配三個層面對開征碳稅將會對陜西省三大區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展帶來的影響進(jìn)行了分析。在論文的圾后一部分，得出了研究結(jié)論：碳稅的^u征將會抑制陜北地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長；征收碳稅在短期內(nèi)會使得能源消耗S有所增加’陜北增加的幅度耍大于關(guān)屮和陜南；征收碳稅會降低資本和勞動要素的產(chǎn)出效率，勞動產(chǎn)出效率的下降幅度要大于資本，因而拉大收入差距。但隨著碳稅稅率的提高，碳稅所產(chǎn)生的種種負(fù)面效應(yīng)將會逐漸減弱。針對這些結(jié)論提出政策建議：分地區(qū)實行階梯式碳稅稅率；分地區(qū)實行差異性的優(yōu)惠政策；保持稅收中性，補(bǔ)貼低收入群體；促進(jìn)能源低碳化；發(fā)展新興產(chǎn)業(yè)，優(yōu)化產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)；推進(jìn)林業(yè)碳匯建設(shè)。
[Abstract]:In the context of global warming, carbon tax is internationally recognized as the most effective emission reduction measures. As one of the largest energy consuming countries and CO_2 emitters, our government made a positive commitment to reduce emissions in the world in 2009, and is prepared to levy carbon tax in 2012-2013. Shaanxi Province is a big energy province in China. With the rapid growth of economy, the pressure of cq emission caused by the consumption of fossil fuels is increasing. In Shaanxi Province, due to the level of economic development, resource endowment and industrial structure are divided into three regions: Guanzhong, Northern and Southern Shaanxi. In the new situation of the proposed carbon tax, this paper focuses on the characteristics of carbon emissions in these three regions and the impact of carbon tax collection on the economic development of these regions, in order to put forward relevant policy recommendations to make the economic realization of these regions? Sustained development This paper first introduces the international and domestic background of carbon tax, summarizes and evaluates the current research situation of carbon tax at home and abroad, and concludes the concept, theoretical basis and basic tax system of carbon tax. Secondly, the paper introduces the practice and main experience of carbon tax in some countries outside W. In this paper, Shaanxi Province is divided into three regions, and the present situation of carbon emission in Shaanxi Zhe and three K domains is analyzed successively. In the part of empirical analysis, the impact of carbon tax on economy is explained from three aspects: economic growth, energy consumption and income distribution. Then the improved Cobb-Douglas production function model is constructed, and the impact of carbon tax on the economic development of three regions in Shaanxi Province is analyzed from three aspects of economic growth, energy consumption and income distribution using panel data. In the latter part of the paper, the conclusion is drawn: the levy of carbon tax will restrain the economic growth in northern Shaanxi, and the carbon tax will increase the energy consumption in a short period of time. The levy of carbon tax will reduce the output efficiency of capital and labor factors, and the decline of labor output efficiency will be greater than that of capital, thus widening the income gap. However, with the increase of carbon tax rate, the negative effects of carbon tax will gradually weaken. In view of these conclusions, some policy suggestions are put forward: step carbon tax rate in different regions, preferential policies in different regions, maintaining tax neutrality and subsidizing low-income groups, promoting low carbonization of energy, developing new industries and optimizing industrial structure; We will promote the construction of forestry carbon sinks.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F127;F812.42

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