本文選題：研究合作組織 + 績(jī)效　； 參考：《天津財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化和科學(xué)技術(shù)的迅猛發(fā)展,跨國(guó)公司單獨(dú)進(jìn)行研發(fā)活動(dòng)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力越來(lái)越弱,各個(gè)領(lǐng)域研發(fā)所需的知識(shí)和技能在難度和深度上越來(lái)越大,對(duì)于單個(gè)公司來(lái)說(shuō),研發(fā)的復(fù)雜化、不確定性和成本投入過(guò)高愈加嚴(yán)重,一般的企業(yè)已經(jīng)很難在自己的范圍內(nèi),僅僅依靠自己的資金、員工技能、技術(shù)設(shè)備等來(lái)產(chǎn)生技術(shù)創(chuàng)新并推向市場(chǎng)。與此同時(shí),企業(yè)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)在跨部門、跨行業(yè)間組建一種新的組織模式,可以有效的改善研發(fā)的不良處境。研究合作組織的出現(xiàn)實(shí)現(xiàn)了企業(yè)的這一愿望。研究合作組織在分擔(dān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、獲得規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)和范圍經(jīng)濟(jì)、分擔(dān)成本投入和避免無(wú)謂的重復(fù)研發(fā)方面的優(yōu)勢(shì)使得它越來(lái)越受到跨國(guó)公司的青睞。由于地區(qū)、傳統(tǒng)習(xí)俗、公司文化、信念等的不同,顯性契約在協(xié)調(diào)RJVs組織成員時(shí)效果并不突出,隱性契約中的文化、信任、聲譽(yù)、期望合作價(jià)值卻正好能彌補(bǔ)顯性契約的這些不足。 本文詳細(xì)闡述了研究合作組織的研究現(xiàn)狀,并簡(jiǎn)單介紹了研究合作組織在日本、美國(guó)的發(fā)展情況,對(duì)隱性契約理論的發(fā)展和研究現(xiàn)狀做了詳細(xì)的描述。解釋了當(dāng)前學(xué)者在研究合作組織中所應(yīng)用的理論基礎(chǔ)：交易成本理論、產(chǎn)業(yè)組織理論。描述了隱性契約從法學(xué)到經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的發(fā)展過(guò)程,在經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)領(lǐng)域隱性契約的兩種理論研究,‘一種是威廉姆斯提出的專用性資產(chǎn)形成的雙邊依賴,而另一種便是利用社會(huì)資本而鎖定的雙邊關(guān)系、激勵(lì)作用等。從理論角度分析了隱性契約在研究合作組織的作用,分別是期望合作價(jià)值、信任和聲譽(yù)與研究合作組織績(jī)效方面的關(guān)系。從實(shí)證的角度驗(yàn)證了隱性契約的期望合作價(jià)值、信任和研究合作組織績(jī)效之間的關(guān)系。隨后則進(jìn)一步分析了如何根據(jù)顯性契約和隱性契約的作用關(guān)系來(lái)更好的協(xié)調(diào)利用二者,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)契約的有效性和高效性。最后根據(jù)上面的理論提出了相關(guān)的政策建議和未來(lái)的研究方向。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economic globalization and science and technology, the competitiveness of R & D activities by multinational corporations is becoming weaker and weaker, and the knowledge and skills required for R & D in various fields are becoming more and more difficult and profound. The complexity of R & D, uncertainty and overinvestment in cost are becoming more and more serious. It is difficult for ordinary enterprises to produce technological innovation and push it to market by relying on their own funds, staff skills, technical equipment and so on. At the same time, entrepreneurs have found that creating a new organizational model across sectors and industries can effectively improve R & D malaise. The emergence of research cooperation organizations has realized this desire of enterprises. The advantages of cooperative organizations in sharing risks, obtaining economies of scale and scope, sharing cost input and avoiding unnecessary repeated R & D make it more and more popular with multinational companies. Due to different regions, traditional customs, company culture, beliefs, etc., explicit contract is not effective in coordinating RJVs organization members, the culture, trust, reputation of implicit contract, However, the expected value of cooperation can make up for these shortcomings of explicit contract. In this paper, the research status of research cooperation organization is described in detail, and the development of research cooperation organization in Japan and the United States is briefly introduced, and the development and research status of implicit contract theory are described in detail. This paper explains the theoretical basis used by scholars in the research of cooperative organizations: transaction cost theory and industrial organization theory. This paper describes the development process of recessive contract from law to economics. In the field of economics, there are two kinds of theoretical research on recessive contract. One is the bilateral dependence on the formation of special assets proposed by Williams. The other is the use of social capital to lock in bilateral relations, incentives, and so on. This paper analyzes the role of implicit contract in the study of cooperative organization from a theoretical point of view, namely, the relationship between the expected cooperative value, trust and reputation, and the performance of cooperative organization. From the empirical point of view, the paper verifies the relationship between the expected cooperative value of implicit contract, trust and the performance of cooperative organization. Then it further analyzes how to make better use of the explicit contract and the implicit contract according to the relationship between them so as to realize the effectiveness and efficiency of the contract. Finally, according to the above theory put forward the relevant policy recommendations and future research direction.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F113;F740

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