本文選題：中等收入陷阱 + 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)��； 參考：《遼寧師范大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：雖然“中等收入陷阱”這個(gè)命題是近幾年才被提出和關(guān)注的，但是關(guān)于經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展停滯的可能、原因和相應(yīng)的對(duì)策在很久以前就開(kāi)始有人探索了。所謂“中等收入陷阱”，指的是一個(gè)國(guó)家從低收入國(guó)家發(fā)展成為中等收入國(guó)家之后，由于不能順利實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式的轉(zhuǎn)變，導(dǎo)致經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)動(dòng)力不足，最終出現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)率停滯或者回落，，無(wú)法保持經(jīng)濟(jì)高速增長(zhǎng)。在這個(gè)階段，國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)失調(diào)的同時(shí)會(huì)伴隨著一系列的社會(huì)問(wèn)題。許多發(fā)展中國(guó)家在擺脫“貧困陷阱”后，人均收入達(dá)到GDP4000美元附近，快速發(fā)展期間積聚的各種經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)的矛盾集中爆發(fā)。很多發(fā)展中國(guó)家不能克服自身的經(jīng)濟(jì)矛盾，發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略轉(zhuǎn)變延誤或失誤，造成經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)率長(zhǎng)期停滯甚至回落而遲遲不能升入高收入國(guó)家行列，從而陷入“中等收入陷阱”階段。 科技的創(chuàng)新、產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的升級(jí)、經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式的調(diào)整、政府職能的轉(zhuǎn)變，使日韓成功突圍；而缺乏體制和科技的創(chuàng)新、產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)失衡再加上對(duì)外部世界的過(guò)度依賴(lài)，卻讓部分拉美國(guó)家和東南亞國(guó)家陷入了經(jīng)濟(jì)停滯的泥沼。本文通過(guò)對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外關(guān)于“中等收入陷阱”的研究的梳理，總結(jié)出中國(guó)面臨“中等收入陷阱”的潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)及規(guī)避風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的優(yōu)勢(shì)和對(duì)策。 本文由四個(gè)部分組成： 第一部分對(duì)“中等收入陷阱”問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了整體概述。指出“中等收入陷阱”的由來(lái)和陷入“中等收入陷阱”國(guó)家的典型表現(xiàn)。從理論依據(jù)入手，系統(tǒng)梳理這些典型國(guó)家落入“中等收入陷阱”的根本原因。為問(wèn)題研究奠定理論基礎(chǔ)。 第二部分是中國(guó)面臨“中等收入陷阱”的潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。中國(guó)在2010年人均GDP4400美元，躋身為中等收入國(guó)家，面臨著經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)和政治上的潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。 第三部分分析了中國(guó)規(guī)避“中等收入陷阱”的優(yōu)勢(shì)。我國(guó)是社會(huì)主義大國(guó)，走的是中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義道路，社會(huì)制度同絕大多數(shù)發(fā)展中國(guó)家有根本性的區(qū)別。因而對(duì)規(guī)避“中等收入陷阱”有著自身優(yōu)勢(shì)，首先是社會(huì)主義政治體制和經(jīng)濟(jì)制度優(yōu)勢(shì)并存，另一個(gè)就是中國(guó)有推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)發(fā)展的優(yōu)勢(shì)。 第四部分系統(tǒng)闡述了中國(guó)規(guī)避“中等收入陷阱”的對(duì)策。針對(duì)上文分析出的潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，構(gòu)建出中國(guó)應(yīng)對(duì)“中等收入陷阱”潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的對(duì)策。包括增強(qiáng)自主創(chuàng)新能力，實(shí)現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)方式、調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)；提高全要素生產(chǎn)率，挖掘人口紅利潛力；改革收入分配制度，縮小貧富差距；加快城鎮(zhèn)化進(jìn)程，打破社會(huì)階層固化；完善就業(yè)政策，增加城鄉(xiāng)居民就業(yè)；深化改革完善制度，為跨越“陷阱”掃清障礙六方面的對(duì)策。 通過(guò)對(duì)“中等收入陷阱”的深入研究和分析，得出結(jié)論：只要堅(jiān)持正確的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式和不斷完善經(jīng)濟(jì)政治體制，中國(guó)是可以跨越陷阱，躋身高收入國(guó)家行列的。
[Abstract]:Although the proposition of "middle income trap" has only been put forward and paid attention to in recent years, the reasons and corresponding countermeasures for the stagnation of economic and social development began to be explored a long time ago. The so-called "middle-income trap" refers to the fact that after a country has developed from a low-income country to a middle-income country, it is unable to smoothly realize the transformation of the mode of economic development, resulting in a lack of impetus for economic growth. Finally, the economic growth rate stagnates or falls back, unable to maintain the high-speed economic growth. At this stage, the national economic imbalance will be accompanied by a series of social problems. After getting rid of the "poverty trap", many developing countries have reached the GDP4000 dollar per capita income, and all kinds of economic and social contradictions accumulated during the rapid development broke out. Many developing countries are unable to overcome their own economic contradictions, delay or make mistakes in the transformation of development strategy, resulting in long-term stagnation or even decline of economic growth rate, and have been unable to rise to the ranks of high-income countries, thus falling into the stage of "middle-income trap". The innovation of science and technology, the upgrading of industrial structure, the adjustment of the mode of economic development, and the transformation of government functions have enabled Japan and South Korea to break through successfully, while the lack of institutional and technological innovation, the imbalance of industrial structure and the excessive dependence on the outside world, But let some Latin American countries and Southeast Asian countries into the bog of economic stagnation. This paper summarizes the potential risk of "middle income trap" in China and the advantages and countermeasures of avoiding it by combing the research on "middle income trap" at home and abroad. This paper consists of four parts: The first part summarizes the problem of middle-income trap as a whole. The origin of the middle income trap and the typical performance of the country caught in the middle income trap are pointed out. Starting with the theoretical basis, this paper systematically combs the fundamental causes of these typical countries falling into the "middle-income trap". To lay a theoretical foundation for the study of the problem. The second part is the potential risk of middle-income trap in China. China's per capita GDP4400 in 2010, which ranks among middle-income countries, faces potential economic, social and political risks. The third part analyzes the advantages of avoiding the middle-income trap in China. China is a great socialist country, following the socialist road with Chinese characteristics, and its social system is fundamentally different from that of most developing countries. Therefore, it has its own advantages to avoid the "middle-income trap", first of all, the advantages of socialist political system and economic system coexist, and the other is that China has the advantage of promoting sustainable economic development. The fourth part systematically expounds the countermeasures of avoiding the middle-income trap in China. In view of the potential risks analyzed above, the countermeasures for China to deal with the potential risks of the "middle income trap" are constructed. It includes strengthening the ability of independent innovation, realizing the transformation, adjusting the structure; improving the total factor productivity and tapping the potential of the population dividend; reforming the income distribution system, narrowing the gap between the rich and the poor; speeding up the process of urbanization and breaking the solidification of the social stratum; Improve the employment policy, increase the employment of urban and rural residents, deepen the reform and improve the system, clear the obstacles for overcoming the "trap" six aspects of countermeasures. Through the in-depth study and analysis of the "middle income trap", it is concluded that as long as we insist on the correct economic development mode and constantly improve the economic and political system, China can cross the trap and join the ranks of the high-income countries.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F124.7

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本文編號(hào)：1781978