本文選題：新疆　切入點：財政支出　出處：《新疆財經(jīng)大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：改革開放以來,新疆經(jīng)濟發(fā)展取得了長足的進步，國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值高速增長，居民生活水平不斷提高。但不容忽視的是，新疆經(jīng)濟和社會發(fā)展仍存在很多亟待解決的問題，高投資、低消費的不合理經(jīng)濟驅(qū)動模式造成新疆地方經(jīng)濟增長結(jié)構(gòu)失衡，政府失靈、外部性、社會保障機制的缺失等導(dǎo)致民生領(lǐng)域積累了大量社會矛盾。在這種情況下，探索一條既能夠促進消費，又能夠改善經(jīng)濟與社會的發(fā)展道路，顯得尤為重要。然而市場本身無力自行調(diào)節(jié)達到這種“兩全其美”的效果，那么由政府運用財政政策進行干預(yù)是彌補市場失靈的必然選擇，而財政支出通常被認為是最直接也是最有效的財政政策工具。 本文首先從理論上闡述了財政支出對居民消費的作用機制。其次對現(xiàn)階段新疆財政支出及城鄉(xiāng)居民消費支出的發(fā)展變化進行了現(xiàn)狀分析，并探討了新疆居民消費低迷和城鄉(xiāng)居民消費差距的原因。然后在消費者跨期替代最優(yōu)控制模型的基礎(chǔ)上，構(gòu)建了財政支出分別與城鎮(zhèn)和農(nóng)村居民消費支出之間關(guān)系和財政支出對城鄉(xiāng)居民消費差距影響的計量模型，運用時間序列模型對1980～2010年間新疆的時間序列數(shù)據(jù)進行檢驗。 通過實證分析發(fā)現(xiàn)：財政支出的增加有利于增加居民消費，財政支出結(jié)構(gòu)對城鄉(xiāng)居民消費影響差異大，，財政支出結(jié)構(gòu)除了經(jīng)濟建設(shè)支出外，對居民消費差距有著不同的影響；行政管理支出不僅抑制居民消費，而且擴大了城鄉(xiāng)居民消費差距；城鄉(xiāng)居民收入對城鄉(xiāng)居民消費的影響程度依舊很大，城鄉(xiāng)居民收入差距促進了城鄉(xiāng)居民消費差距。財政支出對城鄉(xiāng)居民消費的影響不盡相同，財政支出結(jié)構(gòu)對城鄉(xiāng)居民消費影響不同，進而說明了財政支出效率低和財政支出結(jié)構(gòu)不合理。在文章最后一部分，根據(jù)結(jié)論分別從財政支出力度、優(yōu)化財政支出結(jié)構(gòu)、提高財政支出效率、發(fā)展經(jīng)濟和提高居民收入、完善社會保障制度、產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移和改善消費環(huán)境等角度提出對策擴大新疆居民消費。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, Xinjiang has made considerable progress in economic development, with the rapid growth of the gross domestic product (GDP) and the continuous improvement of the living standards of the residents. However, it should not be ignored that there are still many problems to be solved urgently in the economic and social development of Xinjiang. The irrational economic driving mode of high investment and low consumption causes the imbalance of the local economic growth structure in Xinjiang, the government failure, externality, the lack of social security mechanism, and so on, resulting in the accumulation of a large number of social contradictions in the field of people's livelihood. It is particularly important to explore a path that can both promote consumption and improve economic and social development. However, the market itself is unable to adjust itself to achieve this "best of both worlds" effect. Therefore, government intervention with fiscal policy is an inevitable choice to make up for market failure, and fiscal expenditure is usually regarded as the most direct and effective tool of fiscal policy. Firstly, this paper expounds the mechanism of fiscal expenditure on residents' consumption theoretically. Secondly, it analyzes the current situation of the development and change of Xinjiang's fiscal expenditure and urban and rural residents' consumption expenditure. The reasons for the low consumption and the gap between urban and rural residents in Xinjiang are discussed. Then, based on the optimal control model of intertemporal substitution of consumers, The relationship between fiscal expenditure and consumption expenditure of urban and rural residents and the influence of fiscal expenditure on the consumption gap between urban and rural residents were established. The time series model was used to test the time series data of Xinjiang from 1980 to 2010. Through the empirical analysis, it is found that the increase of fiscal expenditure is beneficial to increase the consumption of residents, and the structure of fiscal expenditure has great influence on the consumption of urban and rural residents, and the structure of fiscal expenditure has different effects on the consumption gap except economic construction expenditure. Administrative expenditure not only restrains residents' consumption, but also widens the gap between urban and rural residents' consumption; the influence of urban and rural residents' income on urban and rural residents' consumption is still very large. The income gap between urban and rural residents promotes the consumption gap between urban and rural residents. The influence of fiscal expenditure on urban and rural residents' consumption is different, and the structure of fiscal expenditure has different effects on urban and rural residents' consumption. In the last part of the article, according to the conclusion, we optimize the structure of fiscal expenditure, improve the efficiency of fiscal expenditure, develop economy and raise the income of residents, according to the conclusion of the last part of the article, we can optimize the structure of fiscal expenditure, improve the efficiency of fiscal expenditure, develop the economy and raise the income of residents. From the angle of perfecting social security system, transferring industry and improving consumption environment, the author puts forward some countermeasures to expand resident consumption in Xinjiang.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：新疆財經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F127;F812.7

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