本文選題：湘西自治州　切入點：民族貧困　出處：《湖南師范大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：無論是發(fā)達(dá)國家,還是發(fā)展中國家,貧困問題長期存在且難以克服,特別是在發(fā)展中國家,絕對貧困問題較為嚴(yán)峻,相對貧困現(xiàn)象日益突出。反貧困成為人類需要共同面臨的歷史任務(wù)。作為人口大國的中國來說,貧困人口眾多,且大多集中于西部地區(qū),尤其是西部少數(shù)民族地區(qū),貧困問題突出且與發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)的差距越拉越大。我國政府一直把少數(shù)民族貧困地區(qū)作為反貧困工作的重點區(qū)域。湘西土家族苗族自治州轄區(qū)8個縣市中,7個縣為國家扶貧重點縣,州府吉首市是省扶貧重點縣(市),經(jīng)濟發(fā)展水平和人均收入水平不僅在湖南省內(nèi)甚至與全國少數(shù)民族自治州相比較而言都處于落后位置,貧困現(xiàn)狀令人堪憂。隨著新的《中國農(nóng)村扶貧開發(fā)綱要(2011-2020年)》的實施,我國扶貧開發(fā)邁入第五個重要階段,同時步入全面建設(shè)小康社會的關(guān)鍵十年。特別是《武陵山區(qū)域發(fā)展與扶貧攻堅規(guī)劃(2011—2020)》的制定,作為湖南省唯一進人西部大開發(fā)的地區(qū)以及扶貧攻堅的主戰(zhàn)場,湘西自治州當(dāng)務(wù)之急是抓住這一重要機遇,加快脫貧發(fā)展。 本論文研究從現(xiàn)狀分析入手,以2011年湘西州統(tǒng)計年鑒、第六次全國人口普查公報、2012年湖南省農(nóng)村統(tǒng)計年鑒以及政府相關(guān)部門的統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)作為研究數(shù)據(jù)來源,一方面通過選取主要經(jīng)濟指標(biāo),與周邊市州、全國30個少數(shù)民族自治州以及湖南省和全國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的平均水平進行比較,突出湘西州貧困狀況的嚴(yán)峻性；另一方面構(gòu)建湘西州貧困化地域差異評價指標(biāo)體系,通過spss軟件進行因子分析,計算出湘西州各縣市貧困化綜合分值,并利用arcgis軟件對湘西州貧困化差異進行空間分析,得出湘西州貧困化空間格局,把湘西州8縣(市)在空間地域上分為三種類型區(qū)：輕度貧困縣、中度貧困縣和重度貧困縣。另外,從湘西州在政策、資源、產(chǎn)業(yè)等方面的有利條件以及在自然環(huán)境、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、人口素質(zhì)等方面的制約因素闡述脫貧發(fā)展的影響因素。并基于以上分析得到的湘西州貧困化差異三種類型區(qū),提出旅游文化資源開發(fā)模式、特色農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展模式、新型工業(yè)化帶動模式和綜合發(fā)展模式四種脫貧發(fā)展模式。最后,從增加扶貧資金投入、搞好基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)、推進農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)化、壯大旅游文化產(chǎn)業(yè)、加大教育培訓(xùn)和健全社會保障制度六個方面得出湘西州脫貧發(fā)展調(diào)控政策。
[Abstract]:Whether developed or developing, the problem of poverty persists and is difficult to overcome, especially in developing countries, where absolute poverty is a serious problem, The phenomenon of relative poverty is becoming increasingly prominent. Anti-poverty has become a common historical task for mankind. As a populous country, China has a large number of poor people, and most of them are concentrated in the western region, especially in the western minority areas. The poverty problem is prominent and the gap with the developed regions is widening. The Chinese government has always regarded the poverty-stricken minority areas as the key areas for anti-poverty work. Of the 8 counties and cities in the Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, 7 counties are the key counties in the national poverty alleviation. The city of Jishou, the capital of the state, is a key county (city) in poverty alleviation. The level of economic development and the level of per capita income are in a backward position not only in Hunan Province, but also in comparison with the national minority autonomous prefectures. With the implementation of the new "China Rural Poverty Alleviation and Development Program 2011-2020", China's poverty alleviation and development has entered the fifth important stage. In particular, the formulation of the Wuling Mountain Regional Development and Poverty Alleviation Program 2011-2020, as the only region in Hunan Province to enter into the large-scale development of the western region and the main battlefield for helping the poor, Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture is to seize this important opportunity to accelerate the development of poverty. This paper begins with the analysis of the current situation, taking the 2011 Xiangxi Statistical Yearbook, the sixth National Census Bulletin, the 2012 Hunan Rural Statistical Yearbook and the relevant government statistics as the research data sources. On the one hand, by selecting the main economic indicators and comparing with the average level of economic development in neighboring cities, 30 national minority autonomous prefectures, Hunan Province and the whole country, it highlights the severity of the poverty situation in Xiangxi; On the other hand, this paper constructs the evaluation index system of poverty regional difference in Xiangxi, calculates the comprehensive score of poverty in each county and city of Xiangxi by spss software, and makes spatial analysis of poverty difference in Xiangxi by using arcgis software. From the spatial pattern of poverty in Xiangxi, eight counties (cities) in Xiangxi are divided into three types of regions: mild poverty, moderate poverty and severe poverty. In addition, from Xiangxi on policy, resources, The favorable conditions of industry and the restrictive factors in natural environment, infrastructure, population quality and so on, and the influencing factors of poverty alleviation and development are expounded. Based on the above analysis, three types of poverty difference in Xiangxi prefecture are obtained. The paper puts forward four development modes of tourism cultural resources development, characteristic agriculture development, new industrialization driving mode and comprehensive development model. Finally, we should increase the investment in poverty alleviation, do a good job in infrastructure construction, and promote the industrialization of agriculture. Strengthen tourism culture industry, strengthen education and training and perfect social security system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F127

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