本文選題：環(huán)境規(guī)制　切入點：技術(shù)創(chuàng)新　出處：《江西財經(jīng)大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著改革開放的進(jìn)程的進(jìn)一步加快，生產(chǎn)力和科技都得以迅猛發(fā)展，人民群眾的生活水平也得到了極大的改善。但我國環(huán)境狀況卻每況愈下，京津冀的“霧霾天氣”，云南的地區(qū)長期的干旱，這些無一不在提醒我們，解決環(huán)境問題已經(jīng)是迫在眉睫。而國際的綠色壁壘的建立，哥本哈根會議的召開也說明各國政府對于環(huán)境問題的重視，當(dāng)然中國也不例外。中國在過去的幾年里提高環(huán)境規(guī)制的強度，加大環(huán)境規(guī)制的執(zhí)法力度的同時擴(kuò)充了環(huán)境監(jiān)督工作的人員配置。但這些努力對于環(huán)境問題的改善效果卻收效不好。中國是幅員遼闊的國家，，也是一個發(fā)展極其不平衡的國家，中國的環(huán)境規(guī)制不應(yīng)該是簡單的統(tǒng)一，而是針對不同地區(qū)，采用不同的規(guī)制類型或規(guī)制強度。 本文首先回顧環(huán)境規(guī)制的發(fā)展歷程，20世紀(jì)的中國，環(huán)境規(guī)制以命令型為主，而現(xiàn)階段的規(guī)制類型主要是市場型。其次，本文分別從靜態(tài)和動態(tài)兩個方面分析了命令型規(guī)制和自愿型規(guī)制對于技術(shù)創(chuàng)新的影響，同時分析了市場型規(guī)制與技術(shù)創(chuàng)新之間的正負(fù)效應(yīng)。而后采用數(shù)理模型驗證了存在規(guī)制的情況下會比未規(guī)制的情況下，產(chǎn)生更少的污染排放量；并通過對比分析市場型環(huán)境規(guī)制和命令型環(huán)境規(guī)制對于企業(yè)的市場占有率和污染排放量的影響，發(fā)現(xiàn)采用市場環(huán)境規(guī)制會使企業(yè)占有更高的市場份額；且針對不同經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平的地區(qū)的分析發(fā)現(xiàn)，經(jīng)濟(jì)水平高的地區(qū)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新率會高于經(jīng)濟(jì)水平低的地區(qū)。然后，選用1998年到2011年的31個省份的面板數(shù)據(jù)對市場型規(guī)制與技術(shù)創(chuàng)新的關(guān)系進(jìn)行實證分析。從回歸的結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)：在當(dāng)期的情況下，市場型環(huán)境規(guī)制會在不同程度上抑制地區(qū)的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新，但滯后三期的環(huán)境規(guī)制對不同地區(qū)的技術(shù)效應(yīng)呈現(xiàn)出不同程度的正效應(yīng)，其中東部地區(qū)尤為明顯，中部地區(qū)次之，西部地區(qū)不顯著。所以，我國應(yīng)該在考慮到不同地區(qū)的具體情況，制定有針對性的政策，這樣才能保證各個地區(qū)環(huán)境規(guī)制的效率高，整體的成本低。
[Abstract]:With the further acceleration of the process of reform and opening up, productivity and science and technology have developed rapidly, and the living standards of the people have been greatly improved. The "haze weather" in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, and the prolonged drought in Yunnan, all of which remind us of the urgency of solving environmental problems, and the establishment of international green barriers, The convening of Copenhagen also shows the importance governments attach to environmental issues, and China is no exception. China has increased the intensity of environmental regulation in the past few years. While increasing the enforcement of environmental regulations and expanding the staffing of environmental supervision, these efforts have not been effective in improving environmental problems. China is a vast country and a country with extremely uneven development. China's environmental regulation should not be a simple unity, but for different regions, different regulatory types or regulatory intensity. This paper first reviews the development of environmental regulation in China in the 20th century. This paper analyzes the influence of command regulation and voluntary regulation on technological innovation from static and dynamic aspects respectively. At the same time, the positive and negative effects between market regulation and technological innovation are analyzed. And through the comparative analysis of market environmental regulation and command environmental regulation on the market share and pollution emissions, it is found that the adoption of market environmental regulation will make enterprises have a higher market share; And according to the analysis of regions with different economic development levels, it is found that the technological innovation rate in areas with high economic level will be higher than that in areas with low economic level. Then, From 1998 to 2011, the panel data of 31 provinces were selected to analyze the relationship between market regulation and technological innovation. The market environmental regulation will restrain the technological innovation in different degree, but the technical effect of the environmental regulation in three periods is different, especially in the eastern region, followed by the central region, especially in the eastern region, and then in the central region, especially in the eastern region, especially in the eastern region, and in the middle region in the second place. Therefore, China should take into account the specific conditions of different regions, formulate targeted policies, so as to ensure that the efficiency of environmental regulation in each region is high and the overall cost is low.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西財經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：X22;F124.3

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 沈芳;環(huán)境規(guī)制的工具選擇:成本與收益的不確定性及誘發(fā)性技術(shù)革新的影響[J];當(dāng)代財經(jīng);2004年06期

2 宋英杰;;基于成本收益分析的環(huán)境規(guī)制工具選擇[J];廣東工業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報(社會科學(xué)版);2006年01期

3 彭海珍,任榮明;環(huán)境政策工具與企業(yè)競爭優(yōu)勢[J];中國工業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì);2003年07期

4 黃德春;劉志彪;;環(huán)境規(guī)制與企業(yè)自主創(chuàng)新——基于波特假設(shè)的企業(yè)競爭優(yōu)勢構(gòu)建[J];中國工業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì);2006年03期

5 白雪潔;宋瑩;;環(huán)境規(guī)制、技術(shù)創(chuàng)新與中國火電行業(yè)的效率提升[J];中國工業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì);2009年08期

6 瞿偉;;美國排污權(quán)交易的模式選擇與效果分析[J];工程與建設(shè);2006年03期

7 趙紅;;環(huán)境規(guī)制對中國產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新的影響[J];經(jīng)濟(jì)管理;2007年21期

8 張成;陸e

本文編號：1668643