本文選題：東北三省　切入點：循環(huán)經(jīng)濟效率　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：東北三省由于自身的資源優(yōu)勢和傳統(tǒng)發(fā)展定位,多年來形成了以重工業(yè)和資源型產(chǎn)業(yè)為支撐的規(guī)模龐大,資金、勞動力密集,高消耗和高污染為主要特點的經(jīng)濟增長格局。如今,東北三省面臨經(jīng)濟下滑、產(chǎn)能過剩、資源枯竭和環(huán)境污染等問題。為推進東北三省的發(fā)展,《全國老工業(yè)基地調(diào)整改革規(guī)劃(2013-2022年)》中強調(diào)“要積極推進節(jié)能減排,提高資源利用效率。大力發(fā)展循環(huán)經(jīng)濟,大幅度提高資源產(chǎn)出率和資源綜合利用效率。”由此可見,循環(huán)經(jīng)濟已經(jīng)成為東北三省實現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟方式轉(zhuǎn)變,建設(shè)資源節(jié)約型、環(huán)境友好型社會的必然選擇。依據(jù)循環(huán)經(jīng)濟的核心思想,利用數(shù)據(jù)包絡(luò)分析模型對東北三省的循環(huán)經(jīng)濟進行效率評價。以資源高效利用和污染物減排為研究側(cè)重點,在效率評價過程中加入污染物這一非期望產(chǎn)出項,結(jié)合數(shù)據(jù)包絡(luò)分析各模型特點,最終選用含非期望產(chǎn)出的SBM數(shù)據(jù)包絡(luò)分析模型對東北三省內(nèi)部地級行政區(qū)展開循環(huán)經(jīng)濟效率評價。在借鑒以往研究成果的同時,遵循數(shù)據(jù)包絡(luò)分析指標(biāo)選擇要求,最終確定3項投入指標(biāo)和3項產(chǎn)出指標(biāo)。文中利用2009-2013年東北三省35個地級行政區(qū)循環(huán)經(jīng)濟面板數(shù)據(jù),運用含非期望產(chǎn)出的SBM模型進行內(nèi)部效率評價,結(jié)果顯示,東北三省各地級行政區(qū)循環(huán)經(jīng)濟發(fā)展?fàn)顩r不佳,循環(huán)經(jīng)濟效率平均值僅為0.378。同時,各地級行政區(qū)循環(huán)經(jīng)濟效率值波動性較大,除常年達到DEA有效的地區(qū),只有通化和錦州等少數(shù)地區(qū)實現(xiàn)效率值穩(wěn)定上升趨勢,其余各地都出現(xiàn)效率值的反復(fù),發(fā)展?fàn)顩r不穩(wěn)定。結(jié)合2013年東北三省循環(huán)經(jīng)濟數(shù)據(jù),對技術(shù)效率進行純技術(shù)效率和規(guī)模效率分解,求得評價單元的規(guī)模收益,并給出相應(yīng)非DEA有效單元投入和產(chǎn)出冗余率。結(jié)果顯示,循環(huán)經(jīng)濟效率劣勢地區(qū)普遍存在循環(huán)經(jīng)濟技術(shù)水平落后,管理和運營效率低下等問題。此外,能耗和水耗過量已成為現(xiàn)階段東北三省內(nèi)部引發(fā)效率損失的首要原因。以2013年東北三省循環(huán)經(jīng)濟投入和產(chǎn)出指標(biāo)作為聚類變量,運用系統(tǒng)聚類分析實現(xiàn)東北三省內(nèi)部區(qū)域劃分。東北三省循環(huán)經(jīng)濟優(yōu)勢地級行政區(qū)多為省會城市和沿海發(fā)達城市,而循環(huán)經(jīng)濟中等和劣勢地級行政區(qū)則集中表現(xiàn)為重工業(yè)城市和資源型城市。在東北三省內(nèi)部循環(huán)經(jīng)濟評價的基礎(chǔ)上,通過外部性對比分析進一步探究東北三省循環(huán)經(jīng)濟發(fā)展在我國所處地位。由于涉及樣本單元和決策單元的對比分析工作,最終選擇含非期望產(chǎn)出的廣義數(shù)據(jù)包絡(luò)分析模型和超效率數(shù)據(jù)包絡(luò)分析模型予以實現(xiàn)。省級行政區(qū)對比中,選取2009-2013年我國30個省級行政區(qū)循環(huán)經(jīng)濟面板數(shù)據(jù),運用含非期望產(chǎn)出的SBM模型和含非期望產(chǎn)出的廣義數(shù)據(jù)包絡(luò)分析模型實現(xiàn)外部效率對比分析。結(jié)果顯示,我國循環(huán)經(jīng)濟發(fā)展形成了由東南沿海省份向西北內(nèi)陸省份推進的優(yōu)勢到劣勢地域分布特點。東北三省現(xiàn)階段處于我國中等偏下水平,黑龍江、吉林循環(huán)經(jīng)濟發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀較為接近于華東地區(qū)、中南地區(qū)的優(yōu)勢省份,遼寧省則更為接近于西南地區(qū)和西北地區(qū)大部分省份。此外,省級行政區(qū)對比分析結(jié)果顯示,除能耗、水耗過量外,東北三省二氧化硫排放過量問題也十分突出。地級行政區(qū)對比中,選取2013年我國16個省會城市循環(huán)經(jīng)濟數(shù)據(jù)作為對比樣本,運用含非期望產(chǎn)出的超效率數(shù)據(jù)包絡(luò)分析模型實現(xiàn)外部性對比分析。結(jié)果顯示,�？�、福州等效率優(yōu)勢省會城市多分布于東南沿海省份,隨效率值遞減逐漸向中部、西北內(nèi)陸省會城市延伸,評價結(jié)果和省級行政區(qū)結(jié)果基本相符。東北三省地級行政區(qū)中綏化和大慶兩地優(yōu)勢突出,循環(huán)經(jīng)濟效率水平接近于東南沿海省會城市。而葫蘆島、撫順、鞍山和本溪由于資源消耗、廢棄物排放和資源回用等多方面問題導(dǎo)致評價結(jié)果處于全國最低水平。此外,東北三省地級行政區(qū)循環(huán)經(jīng)濟發(fā)展存在明顯的兩極分化性。東北三省內(nèi)、外部循環(huán)經(jīng)濟效率評價結(jié)果表明,外部諸多因素對東北三省循環(huán)經(jīng)濟推進存在影響作用。循環(huán)經(jīng)濟效率影響因素分析將從效率評價結(jié)果入手,選取13項解釋變量,以及循環(huán)經(jīng)濟效率1項被解釋變量。由于循環(huán)經(jīng)濟效率為介于0和1之間截斷數(shù)據(jù),最終選用Tobit回歸分析模型用以實現(xiàn)東北三省循環(huán)經(jīng)濟效率的影響因素分析。結(jié)果顯示,人均地區(qū)生產(chǎn)總值、科學(xué)技術(shù)財政支出對循環(huán)經(jīng)濟效率呈現(xiàn)顯著正相關(guān)性,預(yù)示著未來一段時間東北三省應(yīng)積極推行以循環(huán)為理念的經(jīng)濟增長方式,推進國民經(jīng)濟的快速發(fā)展。同時,增大循環(huán)經(jīng)濟領(lǐng)域的科技投入,提升循環(huán)經(jīng)濟技術(shù)水平以及管理和運營效率,加大對循環(huán)經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的推動作用。生活垃圾無害化處理率、能源消費量、二氧化硫排放量、工業(yè)占地區(qū)生產(chǎn)總值比重、非農(nóng)業(yè)人口占比對循環(huán)經(jīng)濟效率所呈現(xiàn)顯著負(fù)相關(guān)性,明確了東北三省需在城鎮(zhèn)化推進、生態(tài)環(huán)境改善以及產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整方面做出進一步的優(yōu)化。在有序推進人口城鎮(zhèn)化的同時,加速產(chǎn)業(yè)的優(yōu)化升級和結(jié)構(gòu)性調(diào)整,從生產(chǎn)、生活的各個領(lǐng)域重點實現(xiàn)資源的高效循環(huán)利用,以及污染物的治理和減排,有效消除外部相關(guān)影響因素對循環(huán)經(jīng)濟的負(fù)向制約性。針對東北三省循環(huán)經(jīng)濟發(fā)展存在的問題,文中提出了相應(yīng)的對策建議。目前,東北三省循環(huán)經(jīng)濟發(fā)展處于我國中等偏下水平,內(nèi)部存在較為明顯的兩極分化性。如何提升東北三省循環(huán)經(jīng)濟效率,就需要以創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動發(fā)展為戰(zhàn)略,以政府監(jiān)督管理為保障,通過地區(qū)經(jīng)濟改革、經(jīng)濟增長方式轉(zhuǎn)變、城鎮(zhèn)化融合等手段,實現(xiàn)過剩產(chǎn)能的化解,產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的轉(zhuǎn)變,生產(chǎn)效率的提升,資源高效利用以及環(huán)境污染的改善。通過多領(lǐng)域的互融共通,為東北三省循環(huán)經(jīng)濟提供有平臺、有創(chuàng)新、有保障的良性發(fā)展環(huán)境。
[Abstract]:Northeast because of its advantages in resources and the traditional development orientation, formed over the years in heavy industries and resource-based industries to support large scale, capital, labor force, the economic growth pattern of high consumption and high pollution as the main characteristics of the three provinces in the northeast of China. Now, facing the economic downturn, overcapacity, resource depletion and environmental pollution other issues. In order to promote the development of Northeast China, the country's old industrial base reform plan (2013-2022 years) "stressed" to actively promote energy conservation, improve resource utilization efficiency, vigorously develop the circular economy, improve the comprehensive utilization efficiency of resource productivity and resource greatly. Therefore, the circular economy has become the realization of Northeast China the transformation of the mode of economy, building a resource-saving, environment-friendly society inevitable choice. Based on the core idea of circular economy, the use of data envelopment analysis model of northeast three Efficiency evaluation of circular economy province. With the efficient use of resources and pollutants emission reduction as the research focus, adding this undesirableoutputs pollutants in the process of efficiency evaluation, data envelopment analysis combined with the characteristics of each model, the final selection of the SBM data envelopment analysis model with non expected output expansion efficiency evaluation of circular economy of Northeast China internal administrative level in reference to the previous research area. At the same time, according to the data envelopment analysis index selection, and ultimately determine the 3 input indicators and 3 output indicators. By 2009-2013 years in Northeast China 35 level administrative region circular economy panel data in this paper, the internal efficiency evaluation, using SBM model with non expected output results the status of the development of circular economy in northeast across the administrative region of circular economy is poor, the average efficiency is only 0.378. at the same time, around the administrative region of circular economy. The rate of value fluctuation, in addition to the annual DEA effective area, the steady increase efficiency value of only a handful of Tonghua and Jinzhou and other regions, efficiency values appear repeatedly throughout the rest, development condition is not stable. Combined with the 2013 northeast of circular economy data, on technical efficiency of pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of decomposition, obtained the evaluation unit returns to scale, and the corresponding non DEA effective units of input and output redundancy rate. The results show that the circular economy efficiency inferior regions common technical level of circular economy is backward, problem management and low operating efficiency. In addition, the excessive consumption of energy and water has become the primary reasons of present northeast internal initiation efficiency loss. In 2013, Northeast China Circular Economy input and output indicators as cluster variables, using the cluster analysis Division in Northeast China northeast three internal zone. The advantages of circular economy province, prefecture level administrative region for the capital city and coastal city, and the circular economy of middle and inferior level administrative region mainly manifests as the city of heavy industry and resource type city in Northeast China. Based on the evaluation of internal circular economy, through external comparative analysis to further explore the development of circular economy in Northeast China position in contrast to our country. As a sample unit and the decision-making unit analysis, the final choice of generalized data envelopment analysis model with undesirable outputs and super efficiency data envelopment analysis model is realized. The provincial administrative region in comparison, select 2009-2013 years of China's 30 provincial-level administrative region circular economy model with panel data, using SBM non expected output and non expected output generalized data envelopment analysis model comparative analysis of external efficiency. The results show that China's circular economy development The promotion from southeast coastal provinces to the inland provinces of northwest regional distribution characteristics. Advantages and disadvantages of three provinces in Northeast China at this stage in China's middle level, Heilongjiang, development of circular economy in Jilin is close to the East China region, the south region advantage provinces, Liaoning province is more close to the Southwest and northwest regions of most provinces. In addition, the analysis results of provincial administrative region showed that in addition to energy consumption, water consumption is excessive, excessive emissions of sulfur dioxide in Northeast China problems are also very prominent. The prefecture level administrative region in contrast, from 2013 16 provincial capital city circulation economic data as a contrast sample, using super efficiency data envelopment analysis with undesirableoutputs externality comparison of the implementation model. The results show that Haikou, Fuzhou and other capital city efficiency advantages mainly distributed in the southeast coastal provinces, with the efficiency value decrease gradually to the Middle West The capital city of the northern inland extension, the evaluation results and the results are basically consistent. The provincial administrative area of Suihua and Daqing two prominent advantages in Northeast China regional administrative region, circular economy efficiency level is close to the capital city of the southeast coast. Huludao, Fushun, Anshan and Benxi due to the consumption of resources, waste and resource recycling and other aspects of the problem leads to evaluation the lowest level in the country. In addition, northeast level administrative region in the development of circular economy are obvious. Polarization in Northeast China, the external evaluation of circular economy efficiency results show that external factors have impact on Northeast China to promote circular economy. Analysis of factors affecting the efficiency of circular economy from the efficiency evaluation results of selected 13 explanantions variable, and the cycle of economic efficiency of the 1 explanatory variables. Due to the cycle of economic efficiency between 0 and 1 between the truncated data, The final analysis using Tobit regression analysis model in order to achieve the effect of three provinces in Northeast China circular economy efficiency factor. The results showed that the per capita GDP, fiscal expenditure has a significant positive correlation between the science and technology of circular economy efficiency, indicates that the future for a period of time in Northeast China should actively implement cycle for the concept of the mode of economic growth, promote the rapid development of the national the economy. At the same time, increase investment in science and technology in the field of circular economy, improve the technology level of circular economy and management and operational efficiency, increase the cycle of economic development role. Garbage harmless treatment rate, energy consumption, emissions of sulfur dioxide, the industry accounted for the proportion of GDP, non agricultural population accounts for the ratio of circular economy efficiency a significant negative correlation, the three provinces in Northeast China in urbanization, improve the ecological environment and the industrial structure adjustment aspect To make further optimization. In order to promote urbanization and accelerate industrial upgrading and structural adjustment, from the production, circulation, life in various fields, mainly focus on the implementation of the use of resources, and pollution control and abatement, effectively eliminate the external influence factors of circular economy negative restriction in Northeast. In the development of circular economy, the paper puts forward the corresponding countermeasures. At present, the development of circular economy in Northeast China in the middle level, the internal polarization is obvious. How to improve the efficiency of circular economy in Northeast China, it needs to develop strategic innovation driven by government, supervision and management for the protection of the in economic reform, change the mode of economic growth, urbanization and other means to achieve integration, to resolve the overcapacity, the change of industry structure, production efficiency improvement, Resource efficient utilization and improvement of environmental pollution. Through multiple fields of integration, we have provided a platform, innovative and guaranteed benign development environment for three provinces in Northeast China.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：F127

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