本文選題：消費金融　切入點：內(nèi)需　出處：《東北師范大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：消費金融是指一些機構(gòu)專門向家庭或者個人提供貸款，以滿足其超前消費需要的現(xiàn)代金融服務(wù)方式。我國消費金融真正起步是從20世紀(jì)90年代才開始的，經(jīng)過了二十年的發(fā)展，用于個人和家庭消費目的的貸款規(guī)模迅速擴張，貸款用途也日益廣泛，消費金融已成為我國金融市場不可或缺的重要組成部分。消費金融在我國的發(fā)展能一定程度上滿足我國居民不斷增長的對物質(zhì)文化的消費需求，有利于擴大內(nèi)需，減少我國GDP對投資和出口的過度依賴，促進經(jīng)濟健康增長。但是我國也存在著阻礙消費金融發(fā)展的很多不利因素，如居民對借貸消費的觀念接受度不高，我國的人均收入低，人民的消費層次不高，使我國居民沒有能力和信心進行借貸消費。最后我國消費金融還面臨著種種障礙，包括信用體系不健全、消費金融服務(wù)機構(gòu)少的問題。 本文主要從以下幾個方面介紹分析我國的消費金融及其對經(jīng)濟增長的促進作用。 第一部分是闡述消費金融的概念，消費金融在我國的產(chǎn)生和發(fā)展，及我國目前提供消費金融服務(wù)的主要機構(gòu)。最后還從消費金融有利于提高人們的效用水平和促進我國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展兩個大的方面介紹了發(fā)展消費金融的好處。 第二部分首先分析了我國消費金融所提供的消費信貸的特點，包括以中長期貸款為主，主要用于房貸及車貸等。其次闡述了我國消費金融存在的問題，包括提供消費信貸服務(wù)的機構(gòu)與發(fā)達國家相比較少，消費信貸額度較低，我國居民的借貸消費觀念不強，同時存在著居民收入較低，導(dǎo)致不敢借貸消費等障礙。 第三部分采用計量分析方法，對我國消費金融對經(jīng)濟的作用進行實證研究。通過歷年的消費與投資及GDP的數(shù)據(jù)，用最小二乘法，得出消費對GDP的促進作用大于投資對GDP的帶動作用。而消費金融提供的消費信貸能顯著地促進我國居民的消費需求，有利于提高居民的最終消費。通過研究2011年各地居民的最終消費與各地GDP的關(guān)系可以知道，居民的最終消費對各地GDP的影響是顯著的。最后，，分析金融機構(gòu)消費信貸余額與我國每季度GDP之間的關(guān)系，最終得到消費信貸對GDP的增長起到極大的促進作用的結(jié)論。 第四部分，對促進我國消費金融的發(fā)展方面提出建議，以保證我國消費金融健康發(fā)展。首先，進一步完善消費金融機構(gòu)的調(diào)查評估體系；其次，積極宣傳消費金融，轉(zhuǎn)變居民消費觀念；再次，監(jiān)管機構(gòu)加強監(jiān)管，增加消費金融服務(wù)機構(gòu)種類和數(shù)量，立法機構(gòu)進一步完善立法，相關(guān)政府部門積極成立類似于西方國家的消費信貸報告機構(gòu)；最后，繼續(xù)提高居民收入，加強福利建設(shè)，確保我國居民有能力有信心進行借貸消費。
[Abstract]:Consumer finance refers to a modern financial service mode in which some institutions provide loans to families or individuals to meet their needs for advanced consumption. The real start of consumer finance in China only began in 1990s, and after 20 years of development, Loans for personal and household consumption purposes have expanded rapidly in scale and have been used more widely, Consumer finance has become an indispensable and important part of our financial market. The development of consumer finance in our country can to a certain extent meet the increasing demand for material and cultural consumption of our residents, which is conducive to the expansion of domestic demand. To reduce the excessive dependence of GDP on investment and export and to promote the healthy growth of economy, however, there are many unfavorable factors that hinder the development of consumer finance in China, such as the low acceptance of the concept of borrowing and consumption and the low per capita income of our country. The people's consumption level is not high, which makes the residents of our country unable to borrow and consume. Finally, China's consumer finance still faces all kinds of obstacles, including the problem of imperfect credit system and few consumer financial service institutions. This paper mainly introduces and analyzes the consumer finance and its promoting effect on economic growth from the following aspects. The first part is to explain the concept of consumer finance, the emergence and development of consumer finance in China, Finally, the paper introduces the benefits of consumer finance from two aspects: improving the utility level of people and promoting the economic development of our country. The second part first analyzes the characteristics of consumer credit provided by consumer finance in China, including medium and long term loans, mainly used for housing loans and car loans, etc. Secondly, it expounds the existing problems of consumer finance in China. There are fewer institutions providing consumer credit services compared with developed countries, lower consumer credit lines, weak concept of borrowing and consumption of Chinese residents, and at the same time, there are some obstacles such as lower income of residents, which causes them not to borrow and consume. The third part uses the econometric analysis method, carries on the empirical research to our country consumer finance to the economic function. Through the past years' consumption and investment and the GDP data, uses the least square method, It is concluded that consumption is more important to GDP than investment to GDP, and consumer credit provided by consumer finance can significantly promote the consumption demand of Chinese residents. By studying the relationship between the final consumption of local residents and the local GDP in 2011, we can know that the final consumption of residents has a significant impact on the local GDP. Finally, Based on the analysis of the relationship between the balance of consumer credit of financial institutions and the quarterly GDP of China, the conclusion is drawn that consumer credit plays a great role in promoting the growth of GDP. In the 4th part, suggestions are put forward to promote the development of consumer finance in China in order to ensure the healthy development of consumer finance in China. First, we should further improve the investigation and evaluation system of consumer financial institutions; secondly, actively publicize consumer finance. Thirdly, regulators should strengthen supervision, increase the types and number of consumer financial service institutions, further improve legislation, and establish consumer credit reporting agencies similar to western countries. Finally, continue to raise residents' income, strengthen welfare construction, and ensure that Chinese residents have the confidence to borrow and spend.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F832;F124

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