本文關(guān)鍵詞： 農(nóng)業(yè)勞動(dòng)力 城鄉(xiāng)收入差距 收入均等　出處：《遼寧大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：從歷史經(jīng)驗(yàn)來(lái)看，農(nóng)業(yè)勞動(dòng)力轉(zhuǎn)移對(duì)一國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展通常扮演著重要角色。一國(guó)工業(yè)化和城鎮(zhèn)化進(jìn)程必不可少的要伴隨著農(nóng)業(yè)剩余勞動(dòng)力向城市非農(nóng)產(chǎn)業(yè)部門的不斷轉(zhuǎn)移。從發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的經(jīng)驗(yàn)來(lái)看，城市非農(nóng)產(chǎn)業(yè)的擴(kuò)張會(huì)導(dǎo)致其工作崗位和工資水平的提高，從而能夠促使農(nóng)業(yè)勞動(dòng)力轉(zhuǎn)移。根據(jù)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)基本原理可知，農(nóng)業(yè)勞動(dòng)力向非農(nóng)產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移，通常會(huì)提高農(nóng)業(yè)勞動(dòng)邊際生產(chǎn)率和報(bào)酬水平，而起到抑制非農(nóng)產(chǎn)業(yè)勞動(dòng)邊際生產(chǎn)率和報(bào)酬水平的作用，從而能夠縮小城鄉(xiāng)收入差距。但實(shí)際上，伴隨著我國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)勞動(dòng)力的不斷轉(zhuǎn)移，城鄉(xiāng)收入差距未能呈現(xiàn)相同趨勢(shì)的縮小，而是呈現(xiàn)一定的波動(dòng)性。因此，有必要針對(duì)這種情況研究農(nóng)業(yè)勞動(dòng)力轉(zhuǎn)移影響城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的機(jī)理以及我國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)勞動(dòng)力轉(zhuǎn)移未能有效縮小城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的成因分析。 文章系統(tǒng)梳理國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者的相關(guān)研究成果，為后續(xù)研究奠定了理論基礎(chǔ)；考察了我國(guó)勞動(dòng)力轉(zhuǎn)移特征和城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的現(xiàn)狀；在此背景下，重點(diǎn)研究了農(nóng)業(yè)勞動(dòng)力轉(zhuǎn)移對(duì)城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的作用機(jī)理，并深入探討了在我國(guó)特定的社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)條件下，是由哪些因素影響其機(jī)理的發(fā)揮；比較分析了美國(guó)、日本以及韓國(guó)通過(guò)農(nóng)業(yè)勞動(dòng)力轉(zhuǎn)移縮小城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的成功經(jīng)驗(yàn)；在上述研究的基礎(chǔ)上，，結(jié)合中國(guó)實(shí)際情況，提出了適合中國(guó)國(guó)情的政策建議：加大人力資本投資，提高農(nóng)民工工資；統(tǒng)一勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)，保障農(nóng)民工權(quán)利；加快農(nóng)村和農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展，加大政府支持力度；加快產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)升級(jí)，發(fā)展勞動(dòng)密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)。
[Abstract]:From the historical experience, The transfer of agricultural labor force usually plays an important role in the economic development of a country. The process of industrialization and urbanization of a country must be accompanied by the continuous transfer of agricultural surplus labor force to the urban non-agricultural industrial sector. The expansion of urban non-agricultural industries will lead to higher jobs and higher wages, which will promote the transfer of agricultural labor. According to the basic principles of economics, the transfer of agricultural labor to non-agricultural industries, It usually increases the marginal productivity and remuneration level of agricultural labor, and acts as a deterrent to the marginal productivity and remuneration level of non-agricultural labor, thereby reducing the income gap between urban and rural areas. With the continuous transfer of agricultural labor force in China, the income gap between urban and rural areas does not show the same trend of narrowing, but presents certain volatility. It is necessary to study the mechanism of the agricultural labor transfer affecting the urban-rural income gap and the analysis of the causes that the agricultural labor transfer can not effectively reduce the urban-rural income gap. The article systematically combs the domestic and foreign scholars' related research results, establishes the theoretical foundation for the follow-up research; examines the characteristics of labor force transfer in China and the current situation of the urban-rural income gap; under this background, This paper focuses on the mechanism of the agricultural labor force transfer on the income gap between urban and rural areas, and probes into the factors that influence its mechanism under the specific social and economic conditions in China. The successful experiences of Japan and South Korea in narrowing the income gap between urban and rural areas through the transfer of agricultural labor force. On the basis of the above research and combining with the actual situation in China, the paper puts forward some policy suggestions suitable for China's national conditions: increasing investment in human capital. To improve the wages of migrant workers; to unify the labor market to protect the rights of migrant workers; to accelerate the development of rural areas and agriculture and to increase government support; to speed up the upgrading of industrial structure and the development of labor-intensive industries.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F323.6;F124.7

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