本文關(guān)鍵詞： 新疆 收入分配 收入差距 貧困強(qiáng)度 兩極分化　出處：《新疆大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：改革開放以來，新疆經(jīng)濟(jì)保持了高速穩(wěn)定增長，綜合實(shí)力顯著提高，然同時(shí)社會(huì)收入分配問題卻逐漸彰顯，其不僅會(huì)影響經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展質(zhì)量，還會(huì)威脅邊疆社會(huì)的和諧穩(wěn)定。收入分配儼然已成十八大與“兩會(huì)”熱點(diǎn)議題，而目前在新疆迎來十九省市對口支援，肩負(fù)大跨越發(fā)展歷史任務(wù)背景下，如何改善收入差距不斷拉大局勢尤顯重要。新建適合區(qū)情的測算方法，對新疆收入分配問題進(jìn)行評估，掌握新疆分配現(xiàn)狀，不僅理論方法可資借鑒，更可為援疆工作提供參考依據(jù)。 論文邏輯思路從整體、差異到重點(diǎn)關(guān)注貧困現(xiàn)象，再到極端極化情形，全面對新疆居民的收入分配展開分析。首先綜述國內(nèi)學(xué)者對基尼系數(shù)結(jié)構(gòu)缺陷的改進(jìn)，進(jìn)而采用以曲率為結(jié)構(gòu)權(quán)重的修正基尼系數(shù)G分別對2000~2011年新疆城鎮(zhèn)與農(nóng)村居民收入差距進(jìn)行測度，實(shí)證分析其變化趨勢，并以曲率為輔助指標(biāo)，對比二者2011年度各自的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)，，考量兩部門各收入群體的扭曲度，從中演繹分配結(jié)構(gòu)與收入水平之間可能存在的一般規(guī)律。其次，在回顧Sen、SST、FGT貧困指數(shù)的基礎(chǔ)上，綜合各種指數(shù)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，尤其克服SPG指數(shù)未獨(dú)立于貧困線的缺憾，從原始基尼思想本身出發(fā)，重構(gòu)貧困強(qiáng)度指數(shù)G p，并以此度量近十年新疆農(nóng)村貧困差異度，對測算結(jié)果反映的實(shí)際狀況作出合理解釋，通過研判其發(fā)展趨勢，說明和揭示問題的癥結(jié)和嚴(yán)重度。再次，本文就社會(huì)普遍關(guān)注的收入分配可能出現(xiàn)的極度惡化格局——兩極分化狀態(tài)展開探討，在述評國際上常用的W型與ER型兩類極化指數(shù)演化歷程之后，依據(jù)國內(nèi)闡述較為完整的極化概念和思想，權(quán)衡各種指數(shù)特點(diǎn)，建構(gòu)符合新疆區(qū)域收入特征的K p指數(shù)，并對上述相應(yīng)年份新疆實(shí)際極化度作出量度，描繪其發(fā)展態(tài)勢，據(jù)此綜合評價(jià)新疆收入分配失衡程度和預(yù)測未來走向。最后，綜合上述評估結(jié)果及有關(guān)結(jié)論，基于兼顧效率與公平的視角，從重點(diǎn)調(diào)整結(jié)構(gòu)和加大調(diào)節(jié)總量兩方面提出合理化居民收入差別的政策建議。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, Xinjiang's economy has maintained rapid and stable growth, and its comprehensive strength has increased significantly, while at the same time the problem of social income distribution has gradually become apparent, which will not only affect the quality of economic development. It will also threaten the harmony and stability of the frontier society. Income distribution has become a hot topic in the 18 National Congress and the "two sessions," and at present, with 19 provincial and municipal counterpart support in Xinjiang and bearing the historical task of leapfrogging development, How to improve the situation of income gap is especially important. To establish a new calculation method suitable for the situation of the region, to evaluate the problem of Xinjiang's income distribution, to grasp the present situation of Xinjiang's distribution, not only can be used for reference by theoretical methods, It can also provide reference basis for the work of aiding Xinjiang. The logical thinking of this paper is from the whole, difference to focus on poverty, and then to extreme polarization to analyze the income distribution of residents in Xinjiang. Firstly, this paper summarizes the improvement of the Gini coefficient structure by domestic scholars. Then the modified Gini coefficient G with curvature as the structural weight is used to measure the income gap between urban and rural residents in Xinjiang from 2000 to 2011, and the change trend is analyzed empirically, and the curvature is taken as the auxiliary index. By comparing their structural characteristics in 2011 and considering the distortion of income groups in the two sectors, we can deduce the general law between the distribution structure and the income level. Secondly, on the basis of reviewing the Senan SST-FGT poverty index, By synthesizing the advantages of various indices, especially overcoming the shortcoming that the SPG index is not independent of the poverty line, starting from the original Gini thought itself, we reconstruct the poverty intensity index G p, and measure the disparity of rural poverty in Xinjiang in the last ten years. To give a reasonable explanation of the actual situation reflected in the calculation results, and to explain and reveal the crux and severity of the problem by studying its development trend. In this paper, we discuss the extreme deterioration of income distribution, the polarization state, which is generally concerned by the society. After reviewing the evolution of two kinds of polarization indices, W type and ER type, which are commonly used in the world, According to the relatively complete concept and thought of polarization in China and weighing the characteristics of various indices, this paper constructs a K p index that conforms to the characteristics of regional income in Xinjiang, and measures the actual polarization of Xinjiang in the above years, and describes its development trend. Finally, based on the above evaluation results and relevant conclusions, based on the perspective of considering efficiency and equity, this paper makes a comprehensive evaluation of the income distribution imbalance and forecasts the future trend of Xinjiang income distribution. This paper puts forward some policy suggestions on rationalizing the difference of residents' income from two aspects: adjusting the structure and increasing the total amount of adjustment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：新疆大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F124.7;F224

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