本文關(guān)鍵詞： 東北地區(qū) 優(yōu)勢(shì)產(chǎn)業(yè) 協(xié)同發(fā)展　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：東北地區(qū)是我國(guó)近代工業(yè)起步較早的地區(qū)之一，經(jīng)過(guò)10多年的大規(guī)模投資，形成了較為完備的工業(yè)體系。東北地區(qū)憑借良好的自然條件、豐富的自然資源、完備的工業(yè)體系等因素，形成了一些在國(guó)內(nèi)外具有優(yōu)勢(shì)的產(chǎn)業(yè)。這些優(yōu)勢(shì)產(chǎn)業(yè)主要有：以?xún)?yōu)越的自然條件和工業(yè)體系為基礎(chǔ)的農(nóng)業(yè)及農(nóng)產(chǎn)品加工業(yè)；以煤炭、石油和鐵礦石等礦產(chǎn)資源為基礎(chǔ)的原材料產(chǎn)業(yè)及原材料加工業(yè)；以遼寧沈陽(yáng)機(jī)床集團(tuán)、沈飛集團(tuán)、吉林長(zhǎng)春第一汽車(chē)制造廠、鐵路客車(chē)制造及黑龍江齊齊哈爾軌道交通公司、哈飛汽車(chē)等為代表的裝備制造業(yè)；以成本低、藥材原料豐富為優(yōu)勢(shì)的醫(yī)藥制造業(yè)。 東北地區(qū)優(yōu)勢(shì)產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展規(guī)模和發(fā)展水平在全國(guó)都處于較為領(lǐng)先的地位。這些產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展迅猛，產(chǎn)值逐年提高，產(chǎn)業(yè)集群逐步形成，取得了不錯(cuò)的成績(jī)。但是從整體上看，優(yōu)勢(shì)產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展仍然落后于發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)，存在的問(wèn)題主要有：產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈條不健全、產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)不合理、產(chǎn)業(yè)布局不合理、產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展后勁不足、產(chǎn)業(yè)自主創(chuàng)新能力水平低。政府調(diào)控經(jīng)濟(jì)主導(dǎo)性太強(qiáng)，產(chǎn)業(yè)之間關(guān)聯(lián)度不高，市場(chǎng)條件不夠充分，專(zhuān)業(yè)化分工程度低制約東北地區(qū)優(yōu)勢(shì)產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的重要原因。 值得注意的是，優(yōu)勢(shì)產(chǎn)業(yè)之間協(xié)同、均衡的發(fā)展，不僅有助于各個(gè)產(chǎn)業(yè)在聯(lián)動(dòng)中提高自身的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)能力，實(shí)現(xiàn)資源在區(qū)域合理有效的整合與共享，打破長(zhǎng)期形成的地方保護(hù)主義，還能為社會(huì)的發(fā)展提供更多的就業(yè)崗位。而東北地區(qū)優(yōu)勢(shì)產(chǎn)業(yè)之間的互動(dòng)性較弱，產(chǎn)業(yè)的不均衡制約了其進(jìn)一步發(fā)展，在一定程度上影響了東北老工業(yè)基地的振興。因此，加快優(yōu)勢(shì)產(chǎn)業(yè)的協(xié)同發(fā)展對(duì)于東北地區(qū)的振興尤為重要。 美國(guó)、日本、法國(guó)以及我國(guó)長(zhǎng)三角地區(qū)、京津冀地區(qū)、西南六省區(qū)市七方協(xié)作區(qū)在產(chǎn)業(yè)協(xié)同方面都積累了一定的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。基于對(duì)東北地區(qū)優(yōu)勢(shì)產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀分析以及對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外產(chǎn)業(yè)協(xié)同發(fā)展的經(jīng)驗(yàn)借鑒，促進(jìn)東北地區(qū)優(yōu)勢(shì)產(chǎn)業(yè)協(xié)同發(fā)展應(yīng)該從以下四個(gè)方面著手：首先，要建立跨行政區(qū)的組織協(xié)調(diào)機(jī)制。積極推進(jìn)政府職能轉(zhuǎn)變，在區(qū)域組織的協(xié)調(diào)下，制定科學(xué)的產(chǎn)業(yè)政策。其次，，要建立統(tǒng)一的區(qū)域市場(chǎng)。完善商品市場(chǎng)、勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)以及金融市場(chǎng)，促進(jìn)生產(chǎn)要素合理流動(dòng)。再次，加快產(chǎn)業(yè)集群化發(fā)展。細(xì)化產(chǎn)業(yè)分工，不斷推進(jìn)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化升級(jí)，大力支持中小企業(yè)的發(fā)展。最后，要推進(jìn)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新。轉(zhuǎn)變傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的觀念，加大政府及企業(yè)對(duì)自主創(chuàng)新的支持力度，還要加快對(duì)高素質(zhì)創(chuàng)新型人才的培育。
[Abstract]:Northeast China is one of the regions where modern industry started earlier. After more than 10 years of large-scale investment, it has formed a relatively complete industrial system. A complete industrial system and other factors have formed industries with advantages at home and abroad, such as: agriculture and agricultural products processing industries based on superior natural conditions and industrial systems; and coal, Raw material Industry and Raw material processing Industry based on Petroleum and Iron Ore Mineral Resources; Liaoning Shenyang Machine tool Group, Shenfei Group, Jilin Changchun No.1 Automobile Factory, Railway bus Manufacturing and Heilongjiang Qiqihar Rail Transit Company, The equipment manufacturing industry represented by Hafei automobile and the medicine manufacturing industry with low cost and abundant raw materials. The development scale and development level of the advantage industries in Northeast China are in the leading position in the whole country. These industries are developing rapidly, the output value is increasing year by year, the industrial clusters are gradually formed, and they have made good achievements. The development of superior industries still lags behind that of developed regions. The main problems are: the industrial chain is not perfect, the industrial structure is unreasonable, the industrial distribution is unreasonable, and the industrial development stamina is insufficient. The level of independent innovation ability of industry is low, the economic dominance of government regulation and control is too strong, the correlation degree between industries is not high, the market condition is not enough, and the degree of specialization restricts the development of superior industries in Northeast China. It is worth noting that the coordinated and balanced development of superior industries can not only help industries to improve their competitiveness in the linkage, but also realize the rational and effective integration and sharing of resources in the region. Breaking the long-standing local protectionism can also provide more jobs for the development of the society. However, the interaction between the dominant industries in the Northeast is relatively weak, and the imbalance of the industries restricts their further development. To some extent, it has affected the revitalization of the old industrial base in Northeast China. Therefore, it is particularly important to accelerate the coordinated development of superior industries for the revitalization of Northeast China. The United States, Japan, France and China's Yangtze River Delta, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, Based on the analysis of the present situation of industry development in Northeast China and the experience of domestic and foreign industries coordination development, we have accumulated some experience in the industrial coordination of the six provinces, cities and cities in Southwest China. To promote the coordinated development of superior industries in Northeast China, we should start from the following four aspects: first, we should establish a cross-administrative organization coordination mechanism, actively promote the transformation of government functions, and under the coordination of regional organizations, Secondly, it is necessary to establish a unified regional market, perfect the commodity market, labor market and financial market, and promote the rational flow of production elements. Thirdly, accelerate the development of industrial cluster and refine the division of labor. We should constantly promote the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure, vigorously support the development of small and medium-sized enterprises. Finally, we should promote technological innovation, change the traditional concept of economic growth, and increase the support of the government and enterprises for independent innovation. It is also necessary to speed up the cultivation of high-quality and innovative talents.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F127

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