本文關鍵詞： 外商直接投資 中國地區(qū)收入差距 泰爾指數(shù) 面板數(shù)據(jù)　出處：《復旦大學》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：自改革開放以來,流入中國的外商直接投資逐年增加,并且表現(xiàn)出了地區(qū)分布不均衡的特征。在中國東部、中部、西部地區(qū)內(nèi)部,西部地區(qū)各省份利用的FDI金額相差較大,東部地區(qū)次之,而中部地區(qū)各省份利用FDI的金額相差不大。在中國東部、中部、西部地區(qū)之間,外商直接投資的分布嚴重失衡,表現(xiàn)在東部地區(qū)和中西部地區(qū)之間的實際利用FDI金額相差巨大,其中地區(qū)之間相差最大的是東部和西部地區(qū)之間,中部和西部地區(qū)之間利用FDI的金額相差最小。在引入外商直接投資利用率之后,發(fā)現(xiàn)中國三大地區(qū)中,東部地區(qū)對FDI的利用率最高,中部地區(qū)次之,西部地區(qū)最差,在不同投資效率的放大下不同地區(qū)的外商直接投資對GDP的作用差異極大,由利用外商直接投資帶來的GDP的增長,東部地區(qū)是中部地區(qū)的18倍,是西部地區(qū)的48倍,而中部地區(qū)是西部地區(qū)的3倍。 在外商直接投資不斷流入中國的背景下,在全國范圍內(nèi),代表收入差距不平等的基尼系數(shù)自1997年至2003年,呈現(xiàn)出逐步上升的趨勢,2000年中國基尼系數(shù)開始超過0.4。在2004年基尼系數(shù)出現(xiàn)回落,然而仍在0.473的較高水平,2005年繼續(xù)回升,并且中國基尼系數(shù)自2005年開始,接近0.5。雖然從2010年開始,基尼系數(shù)又呈現(xiàn)出下降的趨勢,但始終保持接近0.5的水平,全國范圍內(nèi)的收入不平等問題嚴重。本文用泰爾指數(shù)測算出的收入差距,在將收入差距分解為地區(qū)之間和地區(qū)內(nèi)部之后,顯示出中國的收入差距主要體現(xiàn)在地區(qū)之間,而地區(qū)內(nèi)部的收入差距相對較小。在中國東部、中部、西部地區(qū)內(nèi)部,用代表收入差距的城鄉(xiāng)人均收入比作比較發(fā)現(xiàn),中部和西部地區(qū)內(nèi)部的收入差距問題比較嚴重,東部地區(qū)內(nèi)部的收入差距相對較小。在中國東部、中部、西部地區(qū)之間,和外商直接投資一樣,用地區(qū)人均生產(chǎn)總值差距表示的收入差距也非常大,其中,地區(qū)之間相差最大的是東部地區(qū)和中西部地區(qū)之間,而中部和西部之間地區(qū)人均生產(chǎn)總值差距較小。 本文通過對29個省、市、自治區(qū)1992年至2010年的面板數(shù)據(jù),實證檢驗外商直接投資和中國地區(qū)收入差距之間的關系發(fā)現(xiàn)：在全國范圍內(nèi),外商直接投資和收入差距之間的關系呈倒U型的趨勢,表現(xiàn)為FDI的系數(shù)為正,而其平方項的系數(shù)為負,這印證了發(fā)展／現(xiàn)代化假說的理論,意即在FDI流入初期,會增加中國的收入差距,而隨著FDI的持續(xù)注入將有助于緩解收入不平等現(xiàn)象,另外人均生產(chǎn)總值也和收入差距之間呈倒U型趨勢。在對全國進行東部、中部、西部地區(qū)分組之后的實證檢驗發(fā)現(xiàn),東部、中部、西部地區(qū)的FDI和收入差距仍呈現(xiàn)倒U型趨勢。另外東部和中部地區(qū)的FDI在模型中變得不顯著了,而西部地區(qū)仍然顯著,這說明,東部和中部地區(qū)內(nèi)部外商直接投資對于拉大收入差距的作用不明顯了,而西部地區(qū)的FDI和收入差距之間的關系仍非常大,在FDI流入西部到了一定階段之后,將減少西部地區(qū)內(nèi)部的收入差距。最后本文將對外商直接投資和收入分配進行相關政策建議。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, Chinese inflows of foreign direct investment increased year by year, and shows the unbalanced regional distribution characteristics. In the Middle East, Chinese, West, the amount of FDI to use the western region provinces differ greatly, the eastern region, and the central provinces area by the amount of FDI had little difference. In the middle in the eastern, Western China, between regions, a serious imbalance in the distribution of foreign direct investment, in between the eastern and western regions of the actual use of FDI huge amount of difference, which is the biggest difference between regions between the eastern and western regions, between the central and Western Regions by the amount of FDI the smallest difference. After the introduction of foreign direct investment the utilization rate of China found three regions in the eastern region, the use of FDI was the highest, followed by the central region, the western region is the worst, with the efficiency of investment in amplification The role of foreign direct investment in different regions is different from that of GDP. The growth of GDP from foreign direct investment is 18 times that of the central region, 48 times that of the western region, while that of the central region is 3 times that of the western region.
In foreign direct investment inflows Chinese background, in the country, on behalf of the income gap between the inequality of the Gini coefficient from 1997 to 2003, showing a gradual upward trend in 2000, the Gini coefficient China began more than 0.4. in 2004, the Gini coefficient fell, but remained at a relatively high level of 0.473, in 2005 continued to rebound, and China Gini coefficient is close to 0.5. since the beginning of 2005, although from the beginning of 2010, the Gini coefficient is showing a downward trend, but remained close to 0.5 level, within the scope of national income inequality is serious. With the Theil index to calculate the income gap in this paper, after the decomposition of the income gap between regions and the internal area. China shows the income gap is mainly reflected in the region and between regions, the income gap is relatively small. In the Middle East, Chinese, West, represented by the Compared to the income per capita income gap between urban and rural areas shows that the income gap within the central and western regions of the eastern region is more serious, the income gap is relatively small. In the Middle East, China, West, and foreign direct investment, with average GDP gap area said the income gap is also very large, among them, the biggest difference between regions is between the eastern and western regions, while the central and western regions between the per capita GDP gap is smaller.
This article through to the 29 provinces, city, autonomous region panel data 1992 to 2010, found the relationship between the income gap between foreign direct investment and China empirical test area: in the country, the relationship between foreign direct investment and the income gap between the inverted U type trend, the performance of FDI coefficient is positive, while the coefficient the square is negative, which confirms the hypothesis of the development of modern theory, which means the flow in the early stage of the FDI, Chinese will increase the income gap, and with the continuous injection of FDI will help alleviate the income inequality in per capita total production value, and the income gap between the inverted U type in the trend. On the eastern, central and western regions after grouping empirical test found that the eastern, central and western regions of the FDI and the income gap is still showing the inverted U type trend. In addition, the eastern and central regions of FDI in the model becomes not significant, while the West The ministry area is still significant, suggesting that the eastern and central regions within the foreign direct investment for the widening income gap is not obvious, and the relation between the western region of the FDI and the income gap is still very large, after FDI into the west to a certain stage, the western region will reduce the income gap. The last of this paper the relevant policy suggestions on foreign direct investment and income distribution.

【學位授予單位】：復旦大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F832.6;F124.7

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本文編號：1465175