本文關(guān)鍵詞： 連片特困地區(qū) 參與式扶貧 貧困測(cè)度 績(jī)效　出處：《湘潭大學(xué)》2013年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：貧困是一個(gè)不斷演化的概念，正視貧困并采取積極有效的舉措降低貧困發(fā)生率，減緩貧困程度，是理所當(dāng)然而勢(shì)在必行之事。 不論是從外在表現(xiàn)還是內(nèi)在原因來看，貧困都具有多維度特征，往往涉及到政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化、教育等多個(gè)層面。事實(shí)上，貧困狀態(tài)不僅外在表現(xiàn)為收入與消費(fèi)水平的低下，更是一種內(nèi)在的能力缺位現(xiàn)象。因此，從貧困根源入手考慮扶貧問題，重在對(duì)貧困者能力的培養(yǎng)。就現(xiàn)狀而言，我國(guó)貧困所呈現(xiàn)出的連片特困局勢(shì)已經(jīng)引起了越來越多的關(guān)注，以往的扶貧模式已不再適應(yīng)這一新形勢(shì)�？紤]及此，參與式扶貧模式的提出與實(shí)施有其必然性與必要性。然而，盡管參與式扶貧模式響應(yīng)了當(dāng)前主流的貧困與反貧困觀點(diǎn)，其具體實(shí)踐效果卻不盡如人意，存在扶貧資金使用效率低下、扶貧瞄準(zhǔn)精度較差、貧困者參與程度欠佳等亟待解決的現(xiàn)實(shí)問題。對(duì)連片特困地區(qū)參與式扶貧模式運(yùn)行績(jī)效進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)，探討其存在的問題，并提出行之有效的解決方式，是本論文研究的基本出發(fā)點(diǎn)。 為此，，基于DEA基本理論與方法，我們確立了兩個(gè)相互聯(lián)系的指標(biāo)體系，其一是貧困的多維度測(cè)度指標(biāo)體系，其二是參與式扶貧績(jī)效評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系，兩者具有DEA評(píng)價(jià)模型相同框架，都可以用以測(cè)評(píng)反貧困績(jī)效。貧困多維度測(cè)度指標(biāo)體系涵蓋經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生、人口素質(zhì)、居住環(huán)境多個(gè)維度，采用DEA方法確定指標(biāo)權(quán)重，以DEA輸出效率指標(biāo)值反映貧困狀態(tài)，在多準(zhǔn)則意義下測(cè)度對(duì)象所處的福利狀態(tài)。參與式扶貧績(jī)效評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系則借助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的DEA輸入-輸出框架，通過對(duì)參與式扶貧模式廣度與強(qiáng)度的量化，測(cè)評(píng)其對(duì)貧困發(fā)生率與貧困程度的影響，從而完成具體扶貧舉措的相對(duì)有效性評(píng)價(jià)。兩個(gè)指標(biāo)體系的區(qū)別是明顯的，前者借助貧困測(cè)度以間接方式評(píng)價(jià)扶貧舉措有效性，而后者則直接評(píng)價(jià)扶貧舉措的反貧困效果。以DEA理論與方法探討貧困問題，在貧困測(cè)度基礎(chǔ)上考察參與式扶貧績(jī)效評(píng)價(jià)，這是本文研究的主要特色。 進(jìn)一步地，我們利用所構(gòu)建的貧困測(cè)度指標(biāo)體系評(píng)價(jià)了貴州省88個(gè)縣域單位的貧困狀態(tài)，并指出處于連片特困區(qū)域的66個(gè)縣域單位的貧困聚類現(xiàn)象。在貧困測(cè)度基礎(chǔ)上，我們借助DEA-Logistic回歸模型考察了經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)、縣域單位行政屬性、自治縣屬性、城鎮(zhèn)化進(jìn)程等因素對(duì)貴州省縣域單位貧困狀況的影響，以一種間接的方式評(píng)價(jià)了代表性連片特困地區(qū)參與式扶貧模式的運(yùn)行績(jī)效。實(shí)證分析結(jié)果表明：城鎮(zhèn)化水平可顯著解釋參與式扶貧績(jī)效。 最后，考慮到連片特困地區(qū)的貧困特征及參與式扶貧績(jī)效實(shí)證分析結(jié)果，我們提出了若干政策建議，以提升參與式扶貧績(jī)效，減緩連片特困地區(qū)貧困程度，降低其貧困發(fā)生率。主要包括：加強(qiáng)扶貧資金項(xiàng)目管理，優(yōu)化目標(biāo)績(jī)效考評(píng)指標(biāo)體系；加強(qiáng)片區(qū)之間的協(xié)同與合作；因地制宜開展參與式扶貧開發(fā)項(xiàng)目；強(qiáng)化連片特困地區(qū)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)；重視連片特困地區(qū)人力資源開發(fā)；加快城鄉(xiāng)一體化進(jìn)程，等等。 概言之，我們構(gòu)建了一個(gè)參與式扶貧績(jī)效評(píng)價(jià)的概念性分析框架，全方位地運(yùn)用DEA理論與方法進(jìn)行績(jī)效評(píng)價(jià)，并將之應(yīng)用于連片特困地區(qū)貧困問題研究，認(rèn)為確有必要采用參與式扶貧模式進(jìn)行扶貧開發(fā)，但在其具體實(shí)施過程中也暴露出針對(duì)性不夠、過度典型化、貧困者被綁架等具體問題，針對(duì)這些問題，提出了若干政策建議。本文的創(chuàng)新也體現(xiàn)在這幾個(gè)方面。
[Abstract]:Poverty is a constantly evolving concept. Facing the poverty and taking positive and effective measures to reduce the incidence of poverty and slow down the level of poverty is a matter of course.
Whether from the appearance or internal reasons, poverty has the characteristics of multi dimension, often involving politics, economy, culture, education and other aspects. In fact, the poor state of not only the external manifestations of the income and consumption level is low, it is an inherent ability of the absence of the phenomenon. Therefore, from the root of poverty considering the poverty problem, cultivation of poor ability. Focusing on the status quo, China's poor showing the destitute situation has attracted more and more attention in the past, the poverty alleviation mode is no longer adapt to this new situation. For this, participatory poverty reduction model is put forward and the implementation of its inevitability and necessity. However, despite the participatory poverty reduction model in response to the current mainstream view of poverty and anti poverty, the practice effect is not satisfactory, inefficient use of funds for poverty alleviation, aimed at poor precision, The practical problems that need to be solved urgently for the poor are poor participation. The evaluation of the performance of participatory poverty alleviation mode in continuous poverty stricken areas, exploring the existing problems and putting forward effective solutions is the basic starting point of this paper.
Therefore, based on the basic theory and methods of DEA, we established two interrelated index system, which is a multi dimension index system to measure poverty, the second is to participate in the evaluation index system of poverty alleviation performance, the two have the same framework of DEA evaluation model, can be used to evaluate the performance of anti poverty. Poverty multidimensional index system covers economic development, health, population quality, multiple dimensions of the living environment, using the DEA method to determine the index weight, DEA output efficiency index to reflect the poverty measurement object in multi criteria under the welfare state. DEA input output framework of participatory poverty alleviation performance evaluation index system by means of the standard, the to quantify the breadth and intensity of participation mode of poverty alleviation, the evaluation of the incidence of poverty and poverty degree, thus completing the relative efficiency evaluation of specific poverty alleviation initiatives. Two means The difference between standard system is obvious, the former with the help of poverty measurement in an indirect way to evaluation of effectiveness of poverty alleviation initiatives, the latter direct evaluation of anti-poverty initiatives in anti-poverty. Discuss the problem of poverty in DEA theory and method, based on the investigation in poverty measurement in evaluation of poverty alleviation performance, which is the main characteristic of this paper.
Further, we use the poverty measurement index system of the evaluation of the 88 counties of Guizhou province poverty, and pointed out that the poverty counties clustering phenomenon of 66 contiguous poor areas. On the basis of the measurement of poverty, we use DEA-Logistic regression model to examine the economic growth of county administrative units, autonomous county property, property the process of urbanization, influence factors such as the county of Guizhou province unit of poverty, the performance in an indirect way to evaluate the representative contiguous poor areas of participatory poverty reduction model. The empirical analysis results show that the level of urbanization can significantly explain the participatory poverty reduction performance.
Finally, considering the analysis results and the empirical performance of poverty alleviation poverty characteristics in the contiguous poor areas, we put forward several policy suggestions to improve the performance of participatory poverty alleviation, poverty alleviation of contiguous poor areas, to reduce the incidence of poverty. Poverty alleviation funds mainly include: strengthen project management, optimize the evaluation index system of target performance; strengthen the area between the coordination and cooperation; to carry out participatory poverty alleviation projects; strengthen the contiguous poor areas of infrastructure construction; pay attention to the development of human resources in poor areas contiguous; accelerating urban and rural integration, and so on.
In the end, we construct a participatory poverty alleviation performance evaluation of the conceptual framework, the full range of DEA using the theory and method of performance evaluation, and applied to the research on the problem of poverty in poor areas contiguous, deems it necessary to adopt participatory poverty reduction model of poverty alleviation and development, but in the specific implementation process also exposed for is not enough, over the typical, poor kidnapped and other specific issues, to solve these problems, and puts forward some policy suggestions. The innovation of this paper is also reflected in the following aspects.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F126

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