本文選題：后發(fā)企業(yè)吸收能力 + “由外至內(nèi)”邏輯�。� 參考：《電子科技大學(xué)》2017年博士論文

【摘要】：傳統(tǒng)的吸收能力研究表明,吸收能力是企業(yè)內(nèi)部研發(fā)的副產(chǎn)品,并需要一定的先前相關(guān)知識,能夠幫助企業(yè)利用外部的新知識,同時也能夠幫助企業(yè)更準(zhǔn)確地預(yù)測未來的技術(shù)發(fā)展,實(shí)現(xiàn)“財(cái)富眷顧有準(zhǔn)備的企業(yè)”,這體現(xiàn)的是吸收能力“由內(nèi)至外”邏輯。盡管如此,新興市場中的后發(fā)企業(yè)面臨著發(fā)展的雙重劣勢,由于自身資源不足,沒有足夠的資源來用于內(nèi)部的研發(fā)投入與創(chuàng)新。因而,后發(fā)企業(yè)吸收能力的邏輯區(qū)別于西方傳統(tǒng)的吸收能力邏輯。本文以后發(fā)企業(yè)吸收能力作為研究對象,整合資源依賴?yán)碚摵豌Ｕ撘暯?通過探索后發(fā)企業(yè)為什么以及如何可以建構(gòu)吸收能力“由外至內(nèi)”邏輯,以期能夠?yàn)椤皼]有準(zhǔn)備的后發(fā)企業(yè)為什么也可以獲得財(cái)富的眷顧?”一個較為滿意的回答。本文具體研究了后發(fā)企業(yè)吸收能力“由外至內(nèi)”邏輯建構(gòu)的驅(qū)動條件,包含行為動態(tài)與過程動態(tài)的驅(qū)動機(jī)制。第一,通過規(guī)范分析,本文深入探討了后發(fā)企業(yè)吸收能力開發(fā)的資源依賴邏輯,表明后發(fā)企業(yè)必須建立與外部的資源依賴結(jié)構(gòu)才能夠建構(gòu)吸收能力新的邏輯。具體地,由于后發(fā)企業(yè)的資源需求,需要通過組織間知識轉(zhuǎn)移而從外部轉(zhuǎn)移知識,同時也面臨外部環(huán)境的影響,需要其與外部建立資源依賴關(guān)系,并將嵌入在一個外部資源雙依賴結(jié)構(gòu)之中,在技術(shù)上依賴于國外領(lǐng)先企業(yè),在市場上受到國內(nèi)顧客的壓力。進(jìn)一步地,后發(fā)企業(yè)的外部資源依賴結(jié)構(gòu)將影響其外部知識獲取,導(dǎo)致其雙元行為。與此同時,由于后發(fā)企業(yè)的學(xué)習(xí)效應(yīng),其所嵌入的外部資源依賴結(jié)構(gòu)又是動態(tài)變化的。第二,采用政策捕獲方法,收集了后發(fā)企業(yè)管理者的外部知識獲取行為傾向的2160個觀察值數(shù)據(jù),檢驗(yàn)了資源雙依賴下后發(fā)企業(yè)已經(jīng)具備或可以控制的資源與能力(如顧客需求、自身的內(nèi)部能力)對其外部知識獲取行為傾向的影響,以揭示這些已經(jīng)具備或被控制的資源與能力如何驅(qū)動后發(fā)企業(yè)的學(xué)習(xí)。本文發(fā)現(xiàn),顧客需求、后發(fā)企業(yè)的知識轉(zhuǎn)換能力都正向影響后發(fā)企業(yè)的技術(shù)購買與技術(shù)模仿傾向。相比技術(shù)模仿,顧客需求將使后發(fā)企業(yè)更傾向于技術(shù)購買;相比技術(shù)購買,后發(fā)企業(yè)更高的知識轉(zhuǎn)換能力將使其更傾向于技術(shù)模仿。盡管如此,本文也發(fā)現(xiàn),后發(fā)企業(yè)的研發(fā)能力負(fù)向影響技術(shù)購買與技術(shù)模仿(但不顯著)。當(dāng)研發(fā)能力較高時,相比“非技術(shù)模仿”,后發(fā)企業(yè)更愿意“非技術(shù)購買”。第三,采用縱向、嵌套式的多案例研究,本文探索了資源雙依賴下后發(fā)企業(yè)吸收能力構(gòu)建的悖論均衡的動態(tài)過程,提出了一個“由外至內(nèi)”的動態(tài)均衡過程框架。該框架揭示了資源雙依賴下后發(fā)企業(yè)響應(yīng)沖突的慣性邏輯與悖論整合的動態(tài)均衡過程。具體地,由于面臨資源雙依賴結(jié)構(gòu)及其所引致的技術(shù)與市場間的總體沖突,后發(fā)企業(yè)并未直接地應(yīng)對這一總體沖突,而是對這一沖突進(jìn)行慣性承接:在從認(rèn)知上接受沖突持續(xù)存在的前提下,運(yùn)用自身已經(jīng)具備的資源與能力來承接這一總體沖突,以緩沖沖突的直接沖擊,進(jìn)而將這一總體沖突分解為技術(shù)與市場領(lǐng)域內(nèi)的嵌套沖突。在慣性承接沖突的基礎(chǔ)上,后發(fā)企業(yè)將嵌套沖突的矛盾但又相互關(guān)聯(lián)的要素始終構(gòu)成為一個總體,繼而轉(zhuǎn)移、平衡嵌套沖突,并實(shí)現(xiàn)沖突轉(zhuǎn)移與沖突平衡間的動態(tài)互動,這是悖論整合的動態(tài)過程。最終,后發(fā)企業(yè)可以通過慣性承接與悖論整合的過程而形成響應(yīng)資源雙依賴結(jié)構(gòu)及其所引致的沖突的悖論均衡過程,以激發(fā)其對外部知識的能動的消化、吸收,并釋放潛在。最后,在前文研究內(nèi)容的基礎(chǔ)上,本文綜合分析了后發(fā)企業(yè)吸收能力“由外至內(nèi)”邏輯建構(gòu)的外部資源依賴的驅(qū)動條件、包含了雙元行為與悖論均衡的動態(tài)過程的中間機(jī)制,從而揭示了后發(fā)企業(yè)為什么以及如何可以建構(gòu)吸收能力“由外至內(nèi)”邏輯,最終也能夠有效地回答“為什么沒有準(zhǔn)備的后發(fā)企業(yè)也可以獲得財(cái)富的眷顧?”。本文的創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)主要體現(xiàn)在:第一,本文將資源依賴視角引入后發(fā)企業(yè)吸收能力研究,并整合悖論視角,建構(gòu)了后發(fā)企業(yè)吸收能力“由外至內(nèi)”的邏輯。區(qū)別于西方傳統(tǒng)的吸收能力邏輯,后發(fā)企業(yè)可以通過建立與外部的資源依賴關(guān)系,以驅(qū)動后發(fā)企業(yè)保持行為雙元與過程動態(tài)均衡的悖論活性,從而促進(jìn)后發(fā)企業(yè)建構(gòu)吸收能力“由外至內(nèi)”的邏輯。第二,基于悖論視角,本文從行為層面與過程視角揭示了驅(qū)動后發(fā)企業(yè)持續(xù)釋放潛在的吸收能力內(nèi)核機(jī)制:雙元行為與悖論均衡的動態(tài)過程。通過保持行為雙元與悖論均衡的動態(tài)過程,后發(fā)企業(yè)可以持續(xù)地釋放潛在(如后發(fā)企業(yè)研發(fā)能力使其更不傾向于技術(shù)購買),并激發(fā)了后發(fā)企業(yè)對外部新知識的持續(xù)的吸附。第三,本文揭示了后發(fā)企業(yè)由利用轉(zhuǎn)換到探索的組織學(xué)習(xí)傾向。組織學(xué)習(xí)的基本傾向是從探索轉(zhuǎn)向利用,但后發(fā)企業(yè)實(shí)現(xiàn)了由利用到探索的逆向式的組織學(xué)習(xí),這也同樣支持了后發(fā)企業(yè)吸收能力“由外至內(nèi)”的邏輯。這些研究發(fā)現(xiàn)也為當(dāng)前研究帶來了重要的理論啟示與管理啟示。
[Abstract]:The study of traditional absorptive capacity shows that absorptive capacity is a by-product of enterprise's internal research and development, and it needs certain prior knowledge, which can help enterprises to use new knowledge of the outside world, and can also help enterprises to predict future technological development more accurately, and realize "rich and ready enterprises", which embodies absorptive capacity. "From inside to outside" logic. In spite of this, the post enterprises in emerging markets face the dual disadvantage of development. Because of their lack of resources, there are not enough resources to be used for internal R & D input and innovation. Therefore, the logic of the absorptive capacity of the post enterprises is different from the traditional Western absorptive logic. As an object of research, it integrates the theory of resource dependence and the perspective of paradox. By exploring why and how the post enterprises can construct the absorptive capacity "from outside to inside" logic, it is expected to be able to answer a more satisfactory answer for why the "unprepared post enterprise can get wealth." The driving conditions of the logical construction of the enterprise absorptive capacity "from outside to inside" include the driving mechanism of the behavior dynamic and the process dynamics. First, through the normative analysis, this paper deeply discusses the resource dependence logic of the development of the absorptive capacity of the post enterprises, which shows that the post enterprises must build the absorption capacity of the external resources to build the absorptive capacity. The new logic, in particular, needs to transfer knowledge through inter organization knowledge transfer and external environment, as well as external environment, which requires its dependence on external resources, and will be embedded in an external resource dual dependency structure, depending on the foreign leading enterprises in the market, and in the market. Further, the external resource dependence structure of the post enterprise will affect the acquisition of external knowledge and lead to its dual behavior. At the same time, the external resource dependence structure is dynamically changed because of the learning effect of the post enterprise. Second, the policy capture method is adopted to collect the post enterprises. The 2160 observation value data of the manager's external knowledge acquisition behavior tendency, test the influence of the resource and ability (such as customer needs, own internal ability) that the resource and ability that the back and back enterprise have had or can control under the dual dependence of the resource, to uncover these already possessed or controlled resources and abilities, such as In this paper, we find that the customer needs and the knowledge conversion ability of the post enterprises have a positive influence on the technology purchase and technology imitating tendency of the post enterprises. Compared with the technology imitation, the customer demand will make the post enterprise more inclined to the technical purchase; the higher knowledge conversion ability of the post enterprise will make it more effective compared to the technology purchase. In spite of this, this article also found that the R & D ability of the post enterprises negatively affects technology purchase and technology imitation (but not significant). When the R & D ability is high, compared to "non technology imitation", the latter is more willing to "non technical purchase". Third, using the longitudinal, nested multi case study, this article explores the resources. The dynamic equilibrium process of the paradoxical equilibrium between the two dependent firms' absorptive capacity builds a dynamic equilibrium process framework from outside to inside. This framework reveals the dynamic equilibrium process of the integration of the inertia logic and the paradox in the response conflict of the resource dual dependence. The overall conflict between technology and the market leads to the lack of direct response to this general conflict, but an inertial acceptance of the conflict: using the resources and capabilities already possessed by itself to undertake the general conflict, in order to buffer the direct impact of the conflict, and then take the immediate impact of the conflict. This general conflict is broken down into the nested conflict in the field of technology and market. On the basis of the inertia of the conflict, the post enterprises make the contradictory but interrelated elements of the nested conflict as a whole, then transfer, balance the nesting conflict and realize the dynamic interaction between the conflict transfer and the conflict balance, which is a paradox integration. Finally, the post enterprise can form the process of the integration of the inertia and the paradox through the process of inertia and the paradox in response to the dual dependence structure and the conflict caused by the paradox, in order to stimulate its ability to digest, absorb and release the potential of the external knowledge. Finally, on the basis of the previous research content, this paper analyzes the comprehensive analysis. The driving conditions for the external resource dependence of the enterprise's absorptive capacity "from outside to inside", including the intermediate mechanism of the dynamic process of the equilibrium between the dual behavior and the paradox, reveals why the post enterprises and how to construct the absorbability "from outside to inside" logic, and finally can effectively answer "why no" The innovation point of this article is mainly embodied in the following aspects: firstly, this article introduces the perspective of resource dependence into the study of the absorptive capacity of the post enterprise, and integrates the perspective of the paradox to construct the logic of the absorption ability of the post enterprise from outside to inside. In order to drive the post enterprise to maintain the paradox activity of the dynamic equilibrium between the dual and the process of the behavior, the industry can promote the latter enterprise to construct the logic of "from outside to inside". Second. Based on the paradox perspective, this paper reveals the sustained release of the driving Post Enterprise from the perspective of behavior and process. The underlying mechanism of potential absorbability: the dynamic process of the equilibrium of dual behavior and paradox. By maintaining the dynamic process of equilibrium of the behavior dual and paradoxes, the post enterprise can continuously release the potential (as the R & D capability of the post enterprise makes it less inclined to technical purchase) and stimulates the continuous adsorption of the new knowledge of the external enterprises. Three, this paper reveals the organizational learning tendency from the transformation from the utilization to the exploration. The basic tendencies of organizational learning are from exploration to utilization, but the back hair enterprise realizes the reverse organizational learning from the use to the exploration, which also supports the logic of the "outside to inside" of the absorptive capacity of the post enterprises. Previous research has brought important theoretical enlightenment and managerial implications.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F273.1

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