中國(guó)文化背景下謙遜型領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的結(jié)構(gòu)和測(cè)量
本文選題:謙遜型領(lǐng)導(dǎo) 切入點(diǎn):謙遜 出處:《管理科學(xué)》2017年03期
【摘要】:隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的全球化和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)環(huán)境的日益復(fù)雜化,謙遜對(duì)于領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者的重要作用引起了組織研究者們的關(guān)注。中國(guó)自古強(qiáng)調(diào)謙遜,謙遜對(duì)于領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者的重要性在中國(guó)古代典籍和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者身上都有所體現(xiàn)。然而,已有的謙遜型領(lǐng)導(dǎo)理論和測(cè)量是在西方文化和價(jià)值觀下發(fā)展起來的。領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的概念和結(jié)構(gòu)嵌入在文化之中,會(huì)隨著文化的不同而有所差異。因此,中國(guó)的謙遜型領(lǐng)導(dǎo)研究不能照搬西方的理論和方法。鑒于此,編制中國(guó)文化背景下的謙遜型領(lǐng)導(dǎo)測(cè)量量表。在已有理論和實(shí)證研究的基礎(chǔ)上,闡述謙遜型領(lǐng)導(dǎo)理論的發(fā)展過程,對(duì)謙遜型領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的測(cè)量量表進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析,開發(fā)中國(guó)文化背景下的謙遜型領(lǐng)導(dǎo)測(cè)量量表。量表開發(fā)嚴(yán)格遵循科學(xué)程序,這一過程包括3個(gè)階段。第一階段,通過半結(jié)構(gòu)訪談,以286名員工和管理者的開放式問卷調(diào)查生成題項(xiàng);第二階段,精簡(jiǎn)量表,通過探索性因子分析和驗(yàn)證性因子分析評(píng)估量表的心理測(cè)量特性;第三階段,評(píng)估量表的聚合效度和區(qū)分效度。研究結(jié)果表明,中國(guó)文化背景下的謙遜型領(lǐng)導(dǎo)量表具有良好的信度和效度,量表包括14個(gè)題項(xiàng)以及平易近人、欣賞他人、正確自我認(rèn)知和開門納諫4個(gè)維度,平易近人維度體現(xiàn)了中國(guó)集體主義文化的特點(diǎn)。開發(fā)的量表展現(xiàn)了中國(guó)文化背景下謙遜型領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的獨(dú)特性,更好地滿足管理研究回歸管理實(shí)踐的需求。此量表為未來謙遜型領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的實(shí)證研究做了工具上的鋪墊,也為中國(guó)的謙遜型領(lǐng)導(dǎo)研究帶來啟示,促進(jìn)其進(jìn)一步的研究和發(fā)展。在管理實(shí)踐中,領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者應(yīng)摒棄英雄神話和"偉人"的形象,更多地關(guān)注員工在領(lǐng)導(dǎo)過程中的影響,通過對(duì)員工的友善和尊重來展現(xiàn)其人性的一面。中國(guó)的謙遜型領(lǐng)導(dǎo)深受中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化的影響,與西方的謙遜型領(lǐng)導(dǎo)在結(jié)構(gòu)上有著本質(zhì)的區(qū)別,這一點(diǎn)值得研究者和管理者高度重視。
[Abstract]:With the globalization of the economy and the increasing complexity of the competitive environment, the important role of humility in leaders has attracted the attention of organizational researchers. China has emphasized humility since ancient times. The importance of humility to leaders is reflected in ancient Chinese classics and leaders. However, The existing theories and measurements of humble leadership are developed under Western culture and values. The concept and structure of leadership are embedded in culture and will vary from culture to culture. The study of humble leadership in China cannot copy the western theories and methods. In view of this, a measurement scale of humble leadership in the context of Chinese culture is developed. On the basis of existing theoretical and empirical studies, the development process of the theory of humble leadership is expounded. This paper makes a comparative analysis of the measurement scale of humble leadership, and develops the humble leadership measurement scale under the Chinese cultural background. The development of the scale strictly follows the scientific procedure. This process includes three stages: the first stage, through semi-structured interviews, In the second stage, the questionnaire was simplified, and the psychological characteristics of the questionnaire were evaluated by exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. The results show that the humble leadership scale in Chinese cultural background has good reliability and validity. The scale includes 14 items and is approachable. The four dimensions of correct self-cognition and open-door remonstrance reflect the characteristics of Chinese collectivism culture. The developed scale shows the uniqueness of humble leadership in the context of Chinese culture. The scale not only paves the way for the empirical research of humble leadership in the future, but also brings enlightenment to the research of humble leadership in China. To promote its further research and development. In management practice, leaders should abandon the hero myth and "great man" image, pay more attention to the influence of employees in the leadership process, The humble leadership in China is deeply influenced by the traditional Chinese culture and is structurally different from the humble leadership in the West. This is worthy of the attention of researchers and managers.
【作者單位】: 哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)管理學(xué)院;牡丹江師范學(xué)院應(yīng)用英語學(xué)院;
【基金】:國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金(71472054)~~
【分類號(hào)】:C933;F272.92
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