本文選題：創(chuàng)新能力　切入點(diǎn)：機(jī)械制造業(yè)　出處：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著中俄關(guān)系的發(fā)展,兩國(guó)合作不斷深化,特別是在技術(shù)領(lǐng)域。本文重點(diǎn)研究中俄機(jī)械制造業(yè)及其創(chuàng)新能力的優(yōu)勢(shì)與劣勢(shì)。中國(guó)政府在機(jī)械制造業(yè)和經(jīng)濟(jì)創(chuàng)新發(fā)展領(lǐng)域的政策無(wú)疑是值得仔細(xì)研究的,一系列的鞏固和加強(qiáng)國(guó)家科學(xué)潛力的措施和政治的遠(yuǎn)見行在中國(guó)已經(jīng)顯示出其有效性。然而,中國(guó)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)在產(chǎn)業(yè)創(chuàng)新能力領(lǐng)域,已成為國(guó)家的發(fā)展不可或缺的支撐。從人類進(jìn)入新技術(shù)時(shí)期來(lái)看,隨著新技術(shù)的進(jìn)步,國(guó)家科技的進(jìn)步是至關(guān)重要的。一般說(shuō)來(lái),機(jī)械制造業(yè)是經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行的動(dòng)力,對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展或減速有直接的影響。只有那些快速有效地在創(chuàng)新發(fā)展軌道上重建經(jīng)濟(jì)的國(guó)家,才能為二十一世紀(jì)的繁榮創(chuàng)造穩(wěn)定的基礎(chǔ)。大部分工程產(chǎn)品是指在許多行業(yè)實(shí)施資本投資所必需的投資品。相比其他經(jīng)濟(jì)部門,機(jī)械工程在很大程度上會(huì)受到經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展條件的影響。這很大程度上取決于公司購(gòu)買機(jī)器和設(shè)備的投資活動(dòng)。這種片面的依賴正在不斷地改變需求的周期性變化。因此,工程工業(yè)處于危機(jī)和經(jīng)濟(jì)交替過(guò)程中。機(jī)械綜合體的戰(zhàn)略發(fā)展對(duì)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展具有重要意義。制造業(yè)是世界商品和金融關(guān)系的重要組成部分。在國(guó)家發(fā)展計(jì)劃中,制造業(yè)是最重要的領(lǐng)域之一,它是許多組織的核心。因此,工程部門無(wú)疑是經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)和發(fā)展的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī),因?yàn)樗龠M(jìn)了新技術(shù)的發(fā)展并且創(chuàng)造了更多的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)。然而,在這次危機(jī)中,它是第一個(gè)失去經(jīng)濟(jì)穩(wěn)定的領(lǐng)域,這是巨大的社會(huì)和金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的根源。在過(guò)去的幾十年里,中國(guó)在國(guó)家創(chuàng)新系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展總有出杰出的表現(xiàn)。創(chuàng)新發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵就是旨在開放經(jīng)濟(jì)、吸引投資和技術(shù)。公司經(jīng)濟(jì)在中國(guó)獲得了創(chuàng)意產(chǎn)業(yè)在全球市場(chǎng)的強(qiáng)勢(shì)地位,其中的決定因素是生產(chǎn)效率。經(jīng)濟(jì)的高速增長(zhǎng)有助于形成一個(gè)巨大的內(nèi)部市場(chǎng),并刺激了專門面向消費(fèi)者部門的公司的發(fā)展。然而,經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的舊模式,其標(biāo)志品牌是“中國(guó)制造”,不再能確�？沙掷m(xù)增長(zhǎng),保持在低工資和高回報(bào)的資本形成的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)正在逐漸消失。中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的未來(lái)伴隨著科技潛力和創(chuàng)新體系的發(fā)展,在其中扮演著創(chuàng)新型企業(yè)家和高新技術(shù)中小型企業(yè)的角色。俄羅斯新的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展模式也與高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)的創(chuàng)新和發(fā)展有關(guān)。以自然資源出口為主導(dǎo)的經(jīng)濟(jì)模式,有利于其實(shí)現(xiàn)質(zhì)的飛躍,縮小差距,有助于在新興高新技術(shù)領(lǐng)域占據(jù)主導(dǎo)地位。形成一種基于知識(shí)密集型高新技術(shù)生產(chǎn)的經(jīng)濟(jì)模式,即技術(shù)出口而不是原材料的出口,形成新的市場(chǎng)和技術(shù)優(yōu)勢(shì),并確保它們?cè)谶@些領(lǐng)域的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)地位。在俄羅斯和中國(guó)的創(chuàng)新領(lǐng)域,國(guó)際合作將使兩者的國(guó)家創(chuàng)新能力有顯著的協(xié)同效應(yīng)。在這種情況下,正如研究結(jié)果所顯示的,合作的潛力不僅存在于大公司,而且也存在于高科技的中小型企業(yè)中。這是對(duì)國(guó)家政策的實(shí)施,支持創(chuàng)新的成功經(jīng)驗(yàn)對(duì)中國(guó)研究極為重要。俄羅斯的發(fā)展機(jī)構(gòu)需要在公共部門和商業(yè)部門之間建立聯(lián)系,這將增強(qiáng)企業(yè)在技術(shù)創(chuàng)業(yè)方面的參與度。因此,有必要通過(guò)建立合同來(lái)增加俄羅斯創(chuàng)新體系的國(guó)際性,提高其創(chuàng)新能力。機(jī)械制造業(yè)是整個(gè)行業(yè)和整體經(jīng)濟(jì)創(chuàng)新能力處于較低水平。新一代的青年是面向是世界的,可以為創(chuàng)新公司的形成提供穩(wěn)定的動(dòng)力。根據(jù)專家的說(shuō)法,俄羅斯經(jīng)濟(jì)的現(xiàn)代化結(jié)構(gòu)將繼續(xù)走向高科技領(lǐng)域的縮短,這完全與今天所有討論的經(jīng)濟(jì)方向相反。據(jù)多位專家介紹,擁有這樣一種經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)的俄羅斯作為一個(gè)高科技大國(guó)是不可能存在的。因此,唯一可能的選擇是創(chuàng)新能力的發(fā)展,特別是機(jī)械工業(yè)的發(fā)展,這是整個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的一個(gè)組成部分。因此,分析中國(guó)的基本來(lái)提高中國(guó)的創(chuàng)新氛圍的使用經(jīng)驗(yàn)是在一個(gè)較高的水平,并與俄羅斯相比有巨大的時(shí)間、技術(shù)和創(chuàng)新的差距,我們可知這兩個(gè)大國(guó)朝著不同的方向發(fā)展。如果用的中國(guó)創(chuàng)新發(fā)展的模式在俄羅斯使用,考慮到俄羅斯的特殊性,創(chuàng)新產(chǎn)業(yè)在俄羅斯的推廣將成為可能。盡管事實(shí)上,中國(guó)和俄羅斯的發(fā)展走上了不同的道路,如今,俄羅斯有許多有價(jià)值的思想,從其成功的鄰居來(lái)借鑒。例如,創(chuàng)造一個(gè)更有利的投資環(huán)境;將企業(yè)從官僚和安全力量的暴政中解放出來(lái);打擊腐敗;發(fā)展創(chuàng)新部門等等。
[Abstract]:With the development of Sino Russian relations, deepening cooperation between the two countries, especially in the area of technology. The advantages and disadvantages of this paper focuses on the research of Russian machinery manufacturing industry and its innovation ability. China government deserves careful study in the industry and the economy development in mechanical manufacturing domain policy is undoubtedly, a series of measures to consolidate and strengthen the national science and politics the potential for vision in China has shown its effectiveness. However, China experience in industrial innovation field, has become an integral part of the development of the country's support. From the entry into the new technology era, with the progress of the new technology, the National Science and technology progress is crucial. Generally speaking, the machinery manufacturing industry is the driving force the economy, the economic development has a direct impact or deceleration. Only those quickly and effectively in the innovation and development of the track reconstruction of economy of the country, to twenty To create a stable foundation for a boom in first Century. Most of engineering products refers to the implementation of necessary capital investment products in many industries. Compared to other sectors of the economy, the influence of mechanical engineering will be affected by the conditions of economic development to a great extent. This depends largely on the purchase of machinery and equipment investment activities. This is a one-sided dependence change changes in the cycle. Therefore, the engineering industry is in crisis and economic processes. Its strategic development of mechanical complex in the development of world economy. The manufacturing industry is an important part of the world commodity and financial relations. In the national development plan, the manufacturing industry is one of the most important field of it is the core of many organizations. Therefore, the engineering department is undoubtedly the economic growth and development of the engine, because it promoted the development of new technology and create more Many jobs. However, in this crisis, it is the first to lose the economic stability of the field, this is a source of great social and financial risk. In the past few decades, Chinese in the development of the national innovation system has outstanding performance. The key is to the innovation and development of open economy, attract investment and technology. The company won the strong economic status of creative industry in the global market in Chinese, the deciding factor is productivity. Rapid economic growth contributes to the formation of a huge internal market, and stimulate the development of specialized consumer oriented sector companies. However, the old model of economic development, the sign of the brand is "China manufacturing", no longer able to ensure sustainable growth, maintain formation in low wage and high return of capital advantage is gradually disappearing. China economic future with the potential of science and technology and innovation The development of the new system, play creative entrepreneurs and small and medium sized high tech enterprises in which the role of the Russian economy. A new development model is also concerned with the innovation and development of high-tech industries. The natural resources export led economic model, to achieve a qualitative leap in fact, narrowing the gap, help to occupy in the emerging field of new and high technology dominant position. The formation of a production type high-tech economic model based on knowledge intensive, technology export and export is not the raw materials, the formation of market and new technological advantages, and ensure their leading position in these fields. The field of innovation in Russia and Chinese, international cooperation will enable countries the innovation ability has significant synergistic effect. In this case, as shown in the results, the potential for cooperation not only in large companies, but also in small and medium-sized high-tech In the enterprise. This is the implementation of national policies, the successful experience of China research to support innovation is very important. The development of Russian institutions need to establish a connection between the public sector and the business sector, which will enhance the participation of enterprises in technological entrepreneurship. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the international Russian innovation system through the establishment of the contract to improve the innovation ability. The mechanical manufacturing industry is the industry and the overall economy innovation capacity at a relatively low level. A new generation of young people are facing the world, can provide stable power for the formation of innovation company. According to the experts, shorten the modernization of the structure of the Russian economy will continue to move towards the high-tech field, the complete with all the talk about today's economy in opposite directions. According to many experts, such an economic structure of Russia as a high-tech superpower is not possible In. Therefore, the only possible choice is to develop the innovation ability, especially the development of machinery industry, which is a part of the whole economic development. Therefore, the basic Chinese analysis to improve the experience of using Chinese innovation atmosphere is at a high level, and there is a large amount of time compared with Russia the gap, technology and innovation, we know that the two power in a different direction. If the Chinese innovation development pattern used in Russia, considering the particularity of Russia, innovation industry will become possible in Russia. Despite the fact that the development of Chinese and Russia embarked on a different path now, Russia has many valuable ideas from the successful neighbor reference. For example, to create a more favorable investment environment; the enterprises from the bureaucracy and the security forces put out against tyranny solution; Corruption; the development of the innovation department and so on.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F426.4;F451.2;F273.1

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