發(fā)布時間：2018-03-04 15:38

  本文選題：風險規(guī)避　切入點：復(fù)合碳減排政策　出處：《江蘇大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：近年來溫室氣體大量排放所引發(fā)的環(huán)境問題日益嚴峻,政府對企業(yè)碳排放的規(guī)制勢必越來越嚴。如何制定有效的碳減排政策引導企業(yè)減排決策成為社會關(guān)注的熱點,但企業(yè)作為碳減排實施主體,對其經(jīng)濟效益、內(nèi)外部競爭環(huán)境,以及自身決策行為特點的考慮不可忽視。企業(yè)的競爭在演變?yōu)楣⿷?yīng)鏈之間競爭的同時,其所處的環(huán)境更趨向為具有層級結(jié)構(gòu)的閉環(huán)供應(yīng)鏈網(wǎng)絡(luò),碳減排政策下企業(yè)的減排決策與供應(yīng)鏈網(wǎng)絡(luò)同層、上下游企業(yè)決策密切相關(guān),減排目標僅僅通過單個企業(yè)經(jīng)營策略的改變很難有效地實現(xiàn)。因此,將碳減排政策納入供應(yīng)鏈網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境,研究企業(yè)均衡狀態(tài)下最優(yōu)決策問題以及探討政府部門在供應(yīng)鏈網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境中如何科學地制定碳減排政策是本文研究主題。本文主要研究工作如下:(1)針對地方政府為應(yīng)對日劇惡化的環(huán)境問題,傾向于通過設(shè)定本地區(qū)最大碳排放量來滿足中央政府的碳減排總量要求的事實,利用變分不等式等方法,刻畫了碳限額約束下網(wǎng)絡(luò)各層決策者的競爭決策行為�，F(xiàn)有文獻沒有在碳減排政策下考慮市場需求的不確定性,本文通過考慮市場的隨機需求,即需求市場中產(chǎn)品存在缺貨與滯銷兩種可能,建立了碳限額約束下,考慮碳稅的需求不確定型閉環(huán)供應(yīng)鏈網(wǎng)絡(luò)均衡決策模型。發(fā)現(xiàn)在需求不確定的市場環(huán)境下,網(wǎng)絡(luò)內(nèi)生最優(yōu)碳稅保證了均衡狀態(tài)下企業(yè)碳排放量沒有超過政府規(guī)定的限額,但使得企業(yè)的經(jīng)濟績效與環(huán)境績效不一致。(2)建立了復(fù)合碳減排政策下需求不確定型閉環(huán)供應(yīng)鏈網(wǎng)絡(luò)均衡決策模型,證實碳補貼可實現(xiàn)企業(yè)在碳減排政策約束下的雙贏。本文在已有的單一碳減排政策的閉環(huán)供應(yīng)鏈網(wǎng)絡(luò)研究基礎(chǔ)上,考慮復(fù)合碳減排政策、市場需求不確定性,構(gòu)建了由多個制造商、多個零售商、多個隨機需求市場組成的閉環(huán)供應(yīng)鏈網(wǎng)絡(luò)均衡決策模型。研究表明:較高的碳補貼可實現(xiàn)企業(yè)在碳限額約束下,其經(jīng)濟績效與環(huán)境績效的雙贏,但這卻損害了消費者利益;同時發(fā)現(xiàn)政府部門碳補貼政策的制定應(yīng)適應(yīng)市場需求的變化。(3)基于碳排放權(quán)為一種新型資源將改變企業(yè)運營成本結(jié)構(gòu)和盈利模式,以及現(xiàn)實中決策者具有風險規(guī)避偏好的事實,本文利用變分不等式等方法,給出了碳排放權(quán)約束下的閉環(huán)供應(yīng)鏈網(wǎng)絡(luò)達到均衡狀態(tài)時的條件�，F(xiàn)有文獻只研究網(wǎng)絡(luò)中一層決策者風險規(guī)避的特點,本文通過對網(wǎng)絡(luò)中制造商層、零售商層決策者風險規(guī)避行為的考慮,構(gòu)建碳排放權(quán)約束下風險規(guī)避型閉環(huán)供應(yīng)鏈網(wǎng)絡(luò)均衡模型,研究表明:企業(yè)風險規(guī)避行為有助于促進企業(yè)的減排,同時發(fā)現(xiàn)合理制定碳交易價格,有助于閉環(huán)供應(yīng)鏈網(wǎng)絡(luò)企業(yè)主動實施碳減排。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the environmental problems caused by a large amount of greenhouse gas emissions are becoming more and more serious, and the regulation of carbon emissions by the government is bound to become more and more stringent. How to formulate effective carbon emission reduction policies to guide enterprises to make emission reduction decisions has become a hot spot of social concern. However, as the main body of carbon emission reduction, enterprises should consider the economic benefits, internal and external competitive environment, and the characteristics of their own decision-making behavior. At the same time, the competition of enterprises evolves into the competition between supply chains. Its environment tends to be a closed-loop supply chain network with hierarchical structure. Under the carbon emission reduction policy, the enterprises' emission reduction decisions are closely related to the supply chain network, and the upstream and downstream enterprises' decisions are closely related. It is difficult to achieve the emission reduction goal effectively by changing the management strategy of individual enterprise. Therefore, the carbon reduction policy is integrated into the supply chain network environment. It is the main topic of this paper to study the optimal decision making under the condition of enterprise equilibrium and how to scientifically formulate the carbon emission reduction policy in the supply chain network environment. The main research work of this paper is as follows: 1. To deal with the worsening environmental problems of the Japanese drama, The fact that the total amount of carbon reduction required by the central government can be met by setting the maximum amount of carbon emissions in the region, and the use of variational inequalities and other methods, This paper describes the competitive decision-making behavior of decision makers at all levels of the network under carbon limitation constraints. The existing literature does not consider the uncertainty of market demand under carbon emission reduction policy. In this paper, the stochastic demand of the market is considered. That is to say, there are two kinds of possibilities of product shortage and unsalable in the demand market. A demand uncertain closed-loop supply chain network equilibrium decision model considering carbon tax is established under the carbon quota constraint. It is found that in the market environment with uncertain demand, it is found that, The endogenously optimal carbon tax on the network ensures that in equilibrium companies do not exceed government limits on carbon emissions. However, due to the inconsistency between economic performance and environmental performance of enterprises, the equilibrium decision model of supply chain network with uncertain demand under the compound carbon emission reduction policy is established. It is proved that carbon subsidy can achieve a win-win situation for enterprises under the constraints of carbon emission reduction policy. Based on the research on the closed-loop supply chain network of single carbon emission reduction policy, this paper considers the compound carbon emission reduction policy and the uncertainty of market demand. A closed-loop supply chain network equilibrium decision model, which consists of multiple manufacturers, retailers and random demand markets, is constructed. The economic performance and environmental performance of the win-win situation, but this damage to the interests of consumers; At the same time, it is found that the formulation of government carbon subsidy policy should adapt to the change of market demand. Based on the fact that carbon emission right as a new resource will change the operating cost structure and profit model of enterprises, and the fact that decision-makers have risk aversion preference in reality. In this paper, by using variational inequalities and other methods, the conditions for the closed-loop supply chain network with carbon emission rights to reach equilibrium state are given. The existing literature only studies the characteristics of risk aversion of decision-makers in the network. By considering the risk-averse behavior of decision-makers at manufacturer level and retailer level in the network, this paper constructs a risk-averse closed-loop supply chain network equilibrium model under the restriction of carbon emission rights. The research shows that the risk-averse behavior is helpful to promote the reduction of carbon emissions, and it is also found that it is helpful for the closed-loop supply chain network enterprises to implement carbon emission reduction by making a reasonable carbon trading price.
【學位授予單位】：江蘇大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F274

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