本文選題：文化經(jīng)濟(jì)　切入點(diǎn)：文化產(chǎn)業(yè)　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2012年博士論文

【摘要】：文化經(jīng)濟(jì)是人類社會需要推動發(fā)展的重要方面。改革開放以后，為了迅速改變中國貧窮落后的面貌，我們重視經(jīng)濟(jì)優(yōu)先發(fā)展和經(jīng)濟(jì)的物質(zhì)投入有其歷史背景。隨著我國經(jīng)濟(jì)社會的快速發(fā)展和人民生活水平的顯著提高，人們衣食住行的基本需求逐步得到滿足，豐富的精神文化生活成為人們的必然選擇。而滿足這種需要有兩種途徑：一是公益性文化事業(yè)，作為公共文化服務(wù)滿足人民群眾的基本文化需要。二是文化產(chǎn)業(yè)，通過經(jīng)濟(jì)的形式滿足人們多樣性的文化需求。我們這里主要研究文化經(jīng)濟(jì)的當(dāng)代表現(xiàn)形態(tài)——文化產(chǎn)業(yè)。因此，有關(guān)文化經(jīng)濟(jì)之歷史淵源、現(xiàn)實(shí)狀況和發(fā)展趨勢的研究，關(guān)系到我國的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、社會進(jìn)步、人民生活幸福和國家軟實(shí)力的構(gòu)建，具有重大的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義和理論價值。 文化經(jīng)濟(jì)是以精神生產(chǎn)為基礎(chǔ)，以文化產(chǎn)業(yè)為當(dāng)代表現(xiàn)形態(tài)，生產(chǎn)文化產(chǎn)品和提供文化服務(wù)的新型經(jīng)濟(jì)。文化經(jīng)濟(jì)作為一個歷史范疇，經(jīng)歷了文化經(jīng)濟(jì)的物質(zhì)形態(tài)、服務(wù)形態(tài)、手工作坊形態(tài)、機(jī)器復(fù)制形態(tài)，一直發(fā)展到現(xiàn)代的文化產(chǎn)業(yè)形態(tài)。文化產(chǎn)業(yè)是文化經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展到當(dāng)代的必然產(chǎn)物，是文化經(jīng)濟(jì)的當(dāng)代表現(xiàn)形態(tài)。文化經(jīng)濟(jì)是衡量一個國家經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展水平的重要指標(biāo)，，它代表人類社會發(fā)展的基本方向。文化經(jīng)濟(jì)的創(chuàng)新性是由精神生產(chǎn)的創(chuàng)新本質(zhì)決定的；綠色、可持續(xù)性決定了文化資源是可重復(fù)利用、永不枯竭的資源；非物質(zhì)性體現(xiàn)為商品的符號價值，代表商品使用者的消費(fèi)品味和階層身份；成本特殊性體現(xiàn)在文化產(chǎn)品具有高固定成本和低復(fù)制成本；文化與經(jīng)濟(jì)融合性表現(xiàn)為兼具經(jīng)濟(jì)活動與文化活動的性質(zhì)。發(fā)展文化經(jīng)濟(jì)有利于經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整和培育新的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長點(diǎn)，撫慰后危機(jī)時期人們的心靈，而且有利于社會主義文化規(guī)律的豐富和實(shí)現(xiàn)文化的大發(fā)展大繁榮。回顧文化經(jīng)濟(jì)的特征、功能和價值，有必要進(jìn)一步考察文化經(jīng)濟(jì)的歷史淵源和理論發(fā)展。 馬克思的文化經(jīng)濟(jì)理論，尤其是精神生產(chǎn)理論是文化經(jīng)濟(jì)提出的理論淵源和根本依據(jù)。他將精神生產(chǎn)視為“關(guān)于意識的生產(chǎn)”和“特殊生產(chǎn)”，把文化活動視為生產(chǎn)現(xiàn)象，文化生產(chǎn)力的概念呼之欲出。列寧在繼承馬克思文化經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)上提出了文化建設(shè)的重要作用，強(qiáng)調(diào)以文化水平作為衡量社會主義形成和發(fā)展的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。西方馬克思主義者葛蘭西、哈貝馬斯、萊易斯和韋伯從不同角度開辟了文化經(jīng)濟(jì)研究的新范式。我國毛澤東思想和中國特色社會主義理論體系引領(lǐng)著文化經(jīng)濟(jì)的方向，黨的歷代領(lǐng)導(dǎo)集體對文化與經(jīng)濟(jì)的關(guān)系都做過精辟的論述。毛澤東說文化是經(jīng)濟(jì)的反映，又給予經(jīng)濟(jì)巨大的影響和反作用。鄧小平認(rèn)為應(yīng)該始終把生產(chǎn)力作為根本任務(wù)，同時堅持精神文明和物質(zhì)文明共同發(fā)展。“三個代表”重要思想要求中國共產(chǎn)黨始終代表先進(jìn)生產(chǎn)力的發(fā)展要求和先進(jìn)文化的前進(jìn)方向。文化經(jīng)濟(jì)是在科學(xué)發(fā)展觀指導(dǎo)下，并與科學(xué)發(fā)展觀的精神內(nèi)涵相契合的一種新經(jīng)濟(jì)形式。西方學(xué)者對文化經(jīng)濟(jì)理論推進(jìn)也做出不少貢獻(xiàn)，按照不同時期，本文梳理了人文主義社會、文化工業(yè)社會和消費(fèi)主義社會的文化經(jīng)濟(jì)觀。任何時代的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)者都必須正面回答經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展中的文化問題，他們以不同流派分別闡述了古典經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)、制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和當(dāng)代經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)者的文化價值觀。按照文化在發(fā)展中的不同作用，本研究系統(tǒng)介紹了李斯特、湯因比、費(fèi)斯克和波特的文化發(fā)展理論。對照西方的理論和經(jīng)驗(yàn)，反觀中國文化經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展歷程和現(xiàn)實(shí)狀況，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，我國的文化經(jīng)濟(jì)在很多方面亟待改善。 1949年至1978年，我國文化經(jīng)濟(jì)主要以文化事業(yè)為表現(xiàn)形態(tài)，政府作為文化的唯一投資方和受益方，按照計劃統(tǒng)一調(diào)配文化產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)和分配，這一時期稱為文化經(jīng)濟(jì)的萌芽期。1979年至2002年，主要以文化市場的開放、培育和文化產(chǎn)業(yè)的萌芽為特征，這一時期稱為文化經(jīng)濟(jì)的恢復(fù)與調(diào)整期。2002年黨的十六大以后，我國進(jìn)入文化產(chǎn)業(yè)化的高速發(fā)展時期，2011年黨的十七屆六中全會召開以后，國家將發(fā)展文化產(chǎn)業(yè)上升到新的戰(zhàn)略高度，進(jìn)入文化經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮發(fā)展的新時期。通過對國內(nèi)外理論與實(shí)踐的回顧，更加清晰地認(rèn)識了我國文化經(jīng)濟(jì)的歷史和現(xiàn)實(shí)，深刻地體察到我國不僅面臨一系列挑戰(zhàn)，比如文化企業(yè)面臨跨國公司的沖擊、文化產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展中的資金困擾、西方價值觀念的入侵、與文化經(jīng)濟(jì)強(qiáng)國在人才、技術(shù)和理念上的差距。與此同時，我國還面臨著一些重要發(fā)展機(jī)遇：國家文化發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略的推動、居民文化消費(fèi)需求的釋放和政府對文化企業(yè)的扶持和資助。在此基礎(chǔ)上，解釋了我國文化經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展滯后的原因，經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式阻礙了文化經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，資本的邏輯促使文化成為資本增殖的工具，優(yōu)先發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)的戰(zhàn)略使文化建設(shè)明顯滯后。在把握文化經(jīng)濟(jì)存在問題、滯后原因的基礎(chǔ)上，本研究提出當(dāng)代文化經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展對策與趨勢展望。 文化與經(jīng)濟(jì)的融合表現(xiàn)為由文化經(jīng)濟(jì)化向經(jīng)濟(jì)文化化轉(zhuǎn)變，由追求經(jīng)濟(jì)增長到提升文化層次是實(shí)現(xiàn)人的全面自由發(fā)展的必然要求。制訂文化產(chǎn)業(yè)優(yōu)先發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略、以文化產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整推進(jìn)管理制度創(chuàng)新、實(shí)現(xiàn)政府職能由管理文化產(chǎn)業(yè)向服務(wù)文化產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)變、重視人才隊伍建設(shè)以增強(qiáng)文化產(chǎn)業(yè)創(chuàng)新能力，是文化經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的針對性措施。最后，本文對中國文化經(jīng)濟(jì)趨勢進(jìn)行了展望：精神文化消費(fèi)的比重將進(jìn)一步提高，文化經(jīng)濟(jì)的持續(xù)發(fā)展將加快中國社會轉(zhuǎn)型，中國特色文化經(jīng)濟(jì)的世界影響會不斷擴(kuò)大。
[Abstract]:Cultural economy is an important aspect of promoting the development of human society needs. After the reform and opening up, in order to quickly change the China of poverty and backwardness, we attach importance to economic development and economic priority material input has its historical background. With the remarkable improvement of living level of China's rapid economic and social development and people's life, the basic needs of the people's basic necessities of life are gradually meet, the rich spiritual and cultural life become an inevitable choice. And there are two ways to meet this need: one is the public cultural undertakings, as public cultural services to meet the people's basic cultural needs. The two is the cultural industry, meet people's cultural diversity needs through economic - cultural industry form in contemporary form. We show here mainly to study the culture and economy. Therefore, the cultural and economic history, the research present situation and developmental trend of the customs It is of great practical and theoretical value to set up the economic development, social progress, the happiness of the people's life and the construction of the soft power of the country.
Cultural economy is based on the spirit of the production as the foundation, the cultural industry as the contemporary form of new economy, the production of cultural products and provide cultural services. The cultural economy as a historical category, through the cultural economic material form, service form, hand form, copy machine form, to the development of modern culture industry form. The cultural industry is the inevitable outcome of contemporary cultural and economic development, is the contemporary form of culture economy. Cultural economy is an important indicator to measure the level of national economic and social development, it represents the basic direction of the development of human society. The innovation of economic and cultural innovation is decided by the essence of spiritual production; green, sustainable decides the cultural resources can be reused, inexhaustible resources; intangible manifests the symbolic value of goods, goods on behalf of users of consumer tastes and order The cost of the special identity layer; embodies the high fixed cost and low cost of reproduction of cultural products; cultural and economic nature of the performance of both fusion economic activities and cultural activities. The development of cultural economy is conducive to the adjustment of economic structure and cultivate new economic growth points, mind crisis people's comfort, but also has great development prosperity to socialist cultural law and rich culture. The cultural and economic review feature, function and value, it is necessary to further investigate the history and development of the theory of cultural economy.
Marx's cultural and economic theory, especially the spiritual production theory is the theoretical origin of cultural economy puts forward and fundamental basis. He will be regarded as "spirit of the production of consciousness of production" and "special production", the cultural activities as production phenomenon, the concept of cultural productivity to call out. Lenin put forward the important role of cultural construction in the inheritance of Marx culture based on the economy, emphasize the cultural level as a measure of the formation and development of socialism. The Western Marxist Marx Gramsci, Habermas, Lewis and Webb opened a new paradigm of cultural economy from different angles. The theoretical system of socialism with Chinese characteristics of Mao Zedong thought and China leading cultural and economic direction of the party the collective leadership of the cultural and economic relations have made brilliant exposition. Mao Zedong said that culture is the reflection of economy, and give economic giant The effects and adverse effects. Deng Xiaoping think we should always put the productivity as the basic task, and adhere to the common development of material civilization and spiritual civilization. "The direction of the important thought of Three Represents" the requirements of the development of the Communist Party of Chinese representing advanced productive forces and advanced culture. The cultural economy is in Scientific Outlook on Development under the guidance of a new economic form and fit with the Scientific Outlook on Development spirit. Western scholars have also made many contributions to the cultural and economic theory to promote, in accordance with the different period, this paper analyzes the humanistic social culture, economy and culture of industrial society and consumerism society view. Any era of economic scholars must answer the cultural problems in economic development in front of them in different schools describes the classical economics, institutional economics and economic scholars of contemporary cultural values. According to the culture in the hair Different roles in development, this study introduced Lester, Toynbee, and Potter Fiske's theory of cultural development. The control of western theories and experience, reviewing the development course Chinese culture economy and reality, it is not difficult to find, China's cultural economy needs to be improved in many aspects.
From 1949 to 1978, China's cultural economy is mainly based on cultural undertakings to form the government as the sole investment culture and the beneficiary, in accordance with the production and distribution plan of unified deployment of cultural products, this period is called the cultural economy budding.1979 to 2002, mainly in the cultural market opening, characteristic of sprout cultivation and the cultural industry, this period is called the culture of economic recovery and adjustment period of.2002 years the Party of sixteen, China has entered the period of rapid development of cultural industry of 2011, after the party held in the sixth Plenary Session of the 17th CPC Central Committee, in the development of cultural industries rose to a new strategic height, entered a new era of economic prosperity and development of culture by reviewing domestic and international theory and practice, a clear understanding of China's cultural and economic history and reality, deeply aware of China not only faces a series of challenges, such as The enterprise facing the challenge of multinational companies, the development of cultural industry in the financial distress, the invasion of the Western values, cultural and economic power in the talent, technology and ideas on the gap. At the same time, our country still faces some important development opportunities: to promote the national cultural development strategy, the demand of people's cultural consumption and the release of government support and funding of cultural enterprises. On this basis, explains the reasons of China's cultural and economic development lags behind economic development, hindering the development of culture and economy, the logic of capital to promote culture and became the capital of the proliferation of tools, the priority of economic development strategy that cultural construction lags behind. In the grasp of cultural and economic problems, the basic reasons behind on the study and put forward development countermeasure and trend of contemporary cultural and economic outlook.
The integration of culture and economy from cultural and economic transition of economy and culture, the pursuit of economic growth to enhance the cultural level is the inevitable requirement to realize the all-round development of human freedom. To formulate cultural industry oriented development strategy, promote the innovation of the management system of the cultural industry structure adjustment, the transformation of government functions from management to service the cultural industry cultural industry and focus on the training of talents to enhance the cultural industry innovation ability, is the cultural and economic development of specific measures. Finally, this paper discussed the trend of economic Chinese culture: spiritual and cultural consumption proportion will further enhance the sustainable development of cultural economy will accelerate Chinese social transformation, Chinese culture influence in the world economy will continue to expand.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：G124

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 修遠(yuǎn);中國東北地區(qū)文化產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展研究[D];吉林大學(xué);2012年

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