【摘要】：改革開(kāi)放以來(lái),我國(guó)市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)迅速發(fā)展,居民生活水平得到提高。2012年城鎮(zhèn)單位就業(yè)人員平均收入水平為1978年的60多倍,但行業(yè)收入差距也在這幾年居高不下：1978-2011年間,最低行業(yè)平均工資與最高行業(yè)平均工資的比值從1：2.17擴(kuò)大到1：4.48。在此期間,我國(guó)對(duì)外開(kāi)放實(shí)現(xiàn)跨越性發(fā)展。2012年,我國(guó)FDI流入量為1117億美元,已經(jīng)連續(xù)19年成為全世界利用FDI最多的發(fā)展中國(guó)家,世界排名第二僅次于美國(guó)。1978-2011年間FDI數(shù)額快速增長(zhǎng),為我國(guó)帶來(lái)資本的同時(shí)也帶來(lái)了先進(jìn)的技術(shù)與理念；FDI投資范圍的日益廣泛,提高了我國(guó)各個(gè)行業(yè)的FDI投資比重,對(duì)我國(guó)的行業(yè)收入分配產(chǎn)生了深遠(yuǎn)的影響。 FDI迅速流入、居民平均收入水平快速提高、行業(yè)間收入差距擴(kuò)大的并存現(xiàn)象,已受到人們的關(guān)注。本文針對(duì)兩個(gè)問(wèn)題：FDI是否提高了整體行業(yè)的平均收入水平,是否對(duì)行業(yè)間的收入差距有影響進(jìn)行了深入的理論探討。詳細(xì)闡述了FDI影響我國(guó)行業(yè)收入水平的機(jī)制,并深入分析了FDI在我國(guó)行業(yè)間的分布格局及存在問(wèn)題、原因。然后利用我國(guó)2004-2011年的行業(yè)面板數(shù)據(jù),使用固態(tài)效應(yīng)模型進(jìn)行了回歸分析。實(shí)證結(jié)果顯示,FDI提高了我國(guó)整體行業(yè)的平均收入水平,對(duì)我國(guó)7個(gè)行業(yè)的收入水平有顯著影響。其中對(duì)文化、體育和娛樂(lè)業(yè)為顯著負(fù)影響,對(duì)信息傳輸計(jì)算機(jī)服務(wù)和軟件業(yè)、租賃服務(wù)業(yè)等6個(gè)行業(yè)為顯著正影響,對(duì)建筑業(yè)、金融業(yè)等11個(gè)行業(yè)無(wú)顯著影響。同時(shí),由于對(duì)不同行業(yè)收入的正影響、負(fù)影響或者無(wú)影響,拉大了我國(guó)行業(yè)間的收入差距。 最后,通過(guò)理論與實(shí)證分析,本文提出了能夠優(yōu)化我國(guó)行業(yè)收入分配的行業(yè)FDI引入政策。認(rèn)為應(yīng)該提高受FDI顯著正影響、但FDI參與率低的行業(yè)的FDI流入額；對(duì)于FDI流入額高、行業(yè)收入水平受FDI影響不顯著的行業(yè),應(yīng)該在FDI引入政策上更側(cè)重于提高FDI的質(zhì)量；對(duì)受FDI負(fù)影響的行業(yè)應(yīng)當(dāng)在數(shù)額和質(zhì)量上兼顧；行業(yè)引入FDI的政策手段應(yīng)從優(yōu)惠政策轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)楦淖儑?guó)內(nèi)市場(chǎng)環(huán)境。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up to the outside world, China's market economy has developed rapidly and residents' living standards have been improved. In 2012, the average income level of employed persons in urban units was more than 60 times that of 1978, but the income gap in the industry remained high in the past few years: between 1978 and 2011, The ratio of the average wage in the lowest sector to the average wage in the highest sector increased from 1 / 2. 17 to 1 / 4. 48. In 2012, China's FDI inflow reached 111.7 billion US dollars, and for 19 consecutive years, China has become the developing country with the largest use of FDI in the world. The world ranked second only to the United States. The amount of FDI increased rapidly from 1978 to 2011, which brought capital to China and advanced technology and concept. The increasing scope of FDI investment has increased the proportion of FDI investment in various industries in China, and has a far-reaching impact on the income distribution of the industry in China. The rapid inflow of FDI, the rapid improvement of the average income level of residents, and the coexistence of the widening income gap between industries have attracted people's attention. This paper aims at two questions: whether FDI improves the average income level of the whole industry and whether it has an effect on the income gap between industries. This paper expounds in detail the mechanism of FDI affecting the level of industry income in China, and deeply analyzes the distribution pattern and existing problems of FDI among industries in China, as well as the reasons. Then, using the industry panel data from 2004 to 2011 in China, the regression analysis is carried out by using the solid-state effect model. The empirical results show that FDI improves the average income level of the whole industry in China and has a significant impact on the income level of seven industries in China. It has a significant negative impact on culture, sports and entertainment industry, a significant positive impact on 6 industries such as information transmission computer service and software industry, leasing service industry, and no significant impact on 11 industries such as construction industry and financial industry. At the same time, due to the positive, negative or no impact on the income of different industries, the income gap between different industries has been widened. Finally, through theoretical and empirical analysis, this paper puts forward the introduction policy of industry FDI, which can optimize the income distribution of Chinese industry. It is pointed out that it is necessary to increase the FDI inflow in industries which are significantly and positively affected by FDI but the participation rate of FDI is low, and for the industries with high FDI inflow and the industry whose income level is not significantly affected by FDI, the introduction policy of FDI should be more focused on improving the quality of FDI. The amount and quality of the industry affected by FDI should be taken into account, and the policy means of introducing FDI should be changed from preferential policy to changing the domestic market environment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：海南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F832.6;F124.7

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