【摘要】：改革開放以來,伴隨著我國經(jīng)濟(jì)的迅速增長(zhǎng),城鄉(xiāng)之間收入差距呈逐步擴(kuò)大趨勢(shì),貧富懸殊、兩級(jí)分化,已經(jīng)嚴(yán)重制約了我國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式的轉(zhuǎn)變,影響著社會(huì)的公平正義與和諧穩(wěn)定。隨著現(xiàn)代經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,金融在經(jīng)濟(jì)中的地位日趨重要,金融資源逐漸成為一個(gè)國家或地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的關(guān)鍵性約束條件。長(zhǎng)期的城鄉(xiāng)金融發(fā)展不均衡成為城鄉(xiāng)二元經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)得以持續(xù)、城鄉(xiāng)居民收入差距不斷拉大的重要原因之一。甘肅省城鄉(xiāng)居民收入差距遠(yuǎn)高于全國平均水平,且金融發(fā)展具有明顯的城鄉(xiāng)二元化傾向,故本文將甘肅省作為研究對(duì)象,分別從金融規(guī)模與金融效率兩個(gè)方面探討甘肅省城鄉(xiāng)金融發(fā)展不均衡對(duì)城鄉(xiāng)居民收入差距的影響,以金融發(fā)展為切入點(diǎn),以期為縮小甘肅省城鄉(xiāng)收入差距、改善甘肅省城鄉(xiāng)二.元經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)提供一定的參考。 首先,本文在回顧金融發(fā)展與城鄉(xiāng)收入差距以及城鄉(xiāng)均衡發(fā)展等相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)改革開放以來甘肅省城鄉(xiāng)收入差距以及城鄉(xiāng)金融非均衡發(fā)展?fàn)顩r進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析。結(jié)果表明,甘肅省城、鄉(xiāng)之間的居民收入差距呈逐步擴(kuò)大的態(tài)勢(shì),且城鄉(xiāng)居民收入分配的不公平程度甚于全國平均水平。甘肅省農(nóng)村地區(qū)金融發(fā)展滯后于城鎮(zhèn)地區(qū),呈現(xiàn)出明顯的“二元性”。其次,本文引入道格拉斯生產(chǎn)函數(shù)、結(jié)合甘肅省的具體情況,分析城鄉(xiāng)金融非均衡發(fā)展如何通過銀行、證券、保險(xiǎn)等行業(yè)使金融資源城鄉(xiāng)分布不均,進(jìn)而影響城鄉(xiāng)地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)非均衡發(fā)展,最終對(duì)城鄉(xiāng)居民收入差距產(chǎn)生擴(kuò)大效應(yīng)。再次,筆者選取甘肅省1978-2009年的相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù),對(duì)于城鄉(xiāng)金融規(guī)模非均衡和效率非均衡對(duì)城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的影響進(jìn)行了實(shí)證分析。結(jié)果表明,經(jīng)濟(jì)的城鄉(xiāng)非均衡是引起城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的主要原因,其次是城鄉(xiāng)金融規(guī)模非均衡,而城鄉(xiāng)金融效率非均衡對(duì)城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的影響較弱。最后,在以上分析的基礎(chǔ)上,從供給與需求兩方面提出建議。通過深化農(nóng)村金融體制改革,完善農(nóng)村金融體系,促進(jìn)甘肅省城鄉(xiāng)金融均衡協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展,最終達(dá)到縮小城鄉(xiāng)居民收入差距,改善二元經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)的目的。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, with the rapid economic growth of our country, the income gap between urban and rural areas is gradually expanding, the disparity between the rich and the poor, and the two levels of differentiation, has seriously restricted the transformation of the mode of economic development in our country. It affects the fairness, justice and harmony and stability of the society. With the development of modern economy, the position of finance in economy is becoming more and more important, and financial resources have gradually become the key constraint to the economic growth of a country or region. The long-term imbalance of financial development between urban and rural areas has become one of the important reasons for the sustained dual economic structure and the widening income gap between urban and rural residents. The income gap between urban and rural residents in Gansu Province is much higher than the national average, and the financial development has an obvious tendency of urban-rural dualization, so this paper takes Gansu Province as the research object. From two aspects of financial scale and financial efficiency, this paper probes into the influence of the imbalance of financial development between urban and rural areas on the income gap between urban and rural residents in Gansu Province, taking the financial development as the starting point in order to narrow the urban-rural income gap in Gansu Province and improve the urban-rural income gap in Gansu Province. Meta-economic structure provides certain reference. First of all, based on the review of the financial development, urban-rural income gap and urban-rural balanced development and other related documents, this paper makes a statistical analysis of the urban-rural income gap and urban-rural financial unbalanced development in Gansu Province since the reform and opening up. The results show that the income gap between townships and cities in Gansu Province is gradually widening and the income distribution of urban and rural residents is more unfair than the national average. The development of finance in rural areas of Gansu Province lags behind that in urban areas, showing an obvious duality. Secondly, this paper introduces Douglas production function, combined with the specific situation of Gansu Province, analyzes how the uneven development of urban and rural financial resources, through banking, securities, insurance and other industries, makes the distribution of financial resources uneven between urban and rural areas. Then it affects the unbalanced development of urban and rural areas, and expands the income gap between urban and rural residents. Thirdly, the author selects the relevant data from 1978 to 2009 in Gansu Province, and makes an empirical analysis on the impact of the disequilibrium of urban and rural financial scale and efficiency on the urban-rural income gap. The results show that the economic disequilibrium between urban and rural areas is the main cause of the urban-rural income gap, followed by the disequilibrium of urban and rural financial scale, while the impact of urban-rural financial efficiency imbalance on the urban-rural income gap is weak. Finally, on the basis of the above analysis, suggestions are put forward from the two aspects of supply and demand. Through deepening the reform of rural financial system, perfecting the rural financial system and promoting the balanced and coordinated development of urban and rural finance in Gansu Province, the goal of narrowing the income gap between urban and rural residents and improving the dual economic structure is finally achieved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F832;F124.7

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