【摘要】：我國的城鄉(xiāng)收入差距問題備受關(guān)注。我國城鄉(xiāng)收入差距大，農(nóng)村居民人均純收入低，不利于擴(kuò)大消費(fèi)、帶動(dòng)投資，制約我國經(jīng)濟(jì)的持續(xù)增長(zhǎng)。因此，提高農(nóng)村居民收入尤為關(guān)鍵。本文研究我國城鄉(xiāng)收入差距，目的是找出造成我國城鄉(xiāng)收入差距大的原因，并試圖提出合理的建議加以解決。 本文運(yùn)用實(shí)證和規(guī)范的分析方法，對(duì)我國城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的解釋變量進(jìn)行分析。我國的勞動(dòng)力、土地、資本等資源沒有得到合理配置，在勞動(dòng)力資源方面，農(nóng)村勞動(dòng)力過剩，農(nóng)村勞動(dòng)力流動(dòng)又因勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)不完善、戶籍制度限制、土地流轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)制不完善而受阻；在人力資本方面，我國農(nóng)村居民人均受教育年限低于城鎮(zhèn)居民，在技能培訓(xùn)方面不足；在資本投入方面，我國的農(nóng)村投資不足，相對(duì)城鎮(zhèn)投資來說低；在財(cái)政支出方面，支出偏向于城鎮(zhèn)。要縮小城鄉(xiāng)收入差距，就需合理配置各項(xiàng)資源，提高資源綜合使用效率。本文創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)在于運(yùn)用實(shí)證方法驗(yàn)證了勞動(dòng)力流動(dòng)、人力資本、物質(zhì)資本投入、財(cái)政支出這四個(gè)因素交織在一起影響城鄉(xiāng)收入差距。提出了要綜合發(fā)揮農(nóng)村勞動(dòng)力資源、人力資本、物質(zhì)資本投入、財(cái)政支出的作用，僅靠增加某種資源以提高生產(chǎn)率，難以縮小城鄉(xiāng)收入差距；提出了多項(xiàng)改革應(yīng)同時(shí)推進(jìn)，共同推動(dòng)資源自由流動(dòng)，合理配置，以提高要素生產(chǎn)率，縮小城鄉(xiāng)收入差距。 本文第一部分論述了選題背景、意義、國內(nèi)外研究的文獻(xiàn)綜述、研究方法和創(chuàng)新。第二部分理論研究，論述了收入差距決定因素的理論基礎(chǔ)。從理論上分析了城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的影響因素。第三部分分析了我國城鄉(xiāng)居民收入差距較大的原因。我國城鄉(xiāng)居民收入差距較大，也就是我國農(nóng)村居民收入相對(duì)較低。本部分分析了勞動(dòng)力、人力資本、物質(zhì)資本投入、財(cái)政支出這四個(gè)方面對(duì)城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的影響。第四部分通過建立時(shí)間序列模型驗(yàn)證了上述四方面對(duì)城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的影響。第五部分提出了合理的建議，通過合理配置資源，以縮小我國的城鄉(xiāng)收入差距。
[Abstract]:The problem of income gap between urban and rural areas in China is of great concern. The income gap between urban and rural areas is large, and the per capita net income of rural residents is low, which is not conducive to expanding consumption, driving investment and restricting the sustained growth of China's economy. Therefore, raising the income of rural residents is particularly critical. The purpose of this paper is to find out the causes of the large urban-rural income gap in China and try to put forward some reasonable suggestions to solve it. This paper analyzes the explanatory variables of income gap between urban and rural areas by means of empirical and normative methods. China's labor force, land, capital and other resources have not been reasonably allocated. In terms of labor resources, the rural labor force is surplus, the rural labor force flow is not perfect, and the household registration system is restricted. In terms of human capital, the average age of education of rural residents in China is lower than that of urban residents, and the skills training is insufficient; in terms of capital investment, rural investment in our country is insufficient. Relative to urban investment is low; in terms of fiscal expenditure, expenditure tends to cities and towns. In order to narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas, it is necessary to allocate resources rationally and improve the efficiency of comprehensive use of resources. The innovation of this paper is that the empirical method is used to verify the labor flow, human capital, material capital input, financial expenditure, these four factors intertwined together to influence the income gap between urban and rural areas. It is proposed that the role of rural labor resources, human capital, material capital input and financial expenditure should be comprehensively brought into play. It is difficult to narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas only by increasing some kind of resources to increase productivity, and it is proposed that many reforms should be carried out at the same time. Jointly promote the free flow of resources, rational allocation, in order to improve factor productivity and reduce the income gap between urban and rural areas. The first part discusses the background, significance, literature review, research methods and innovation. The second part discusses the theoretical basis of the determinants of income gap. This paper theoretically analyzes the influencing factors of the income gap between urban and rural areas. The third part analyzes the reasons for the large income gap between urban and rural residents. The income gap between urban and rural residents in China is large, that is, the income of rural residents is relatively low. This part analyzes the impact of labor force, human capital, material capital input and fiscal expenditure on the income gap between urban and rural areas. The fourth part verifies the effects of the above four aspects on the urban-rural income gap by establishing a time series model. The fifth part puts forward reasonable suggestions to narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas through rational allocation of resources.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北經(jīng)貿(mào)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F124.7

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