【摘要】：收入差距一直是各國(guó)關(guān)注的重點(diǎn)。隨著我國(guó)加入WTO,對(duì)外貿(mào)易自由化程度進(jìn)一步加深,這不僅帶來(lái)了經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展,同時(shí)也導(dǎo)致了區(qū)域居民收入差距的擴(kuò)大。本文基于1985年至2012年全國(guó)30個(gè)省(市)的面板數(shù)據(jù),從全國(guó)、省級(jí)、三大區(qū)域以及三大區(qū)域之間四個(gè)層面全面衡量城鄉(xiāng)、所有制、三次產(chǎn)業(yè)以及細(xì)分行業(yè)之間的收入差距,同時(shí)利用傾向得分加權(quán)(PSW)與雙重差分模型(DID)相結(jié)合的方法評(píng)估WTO政策對(duì)我國(guó)區(qū)域居民收入差距的影響效應(yīng)。 研究結(jié)果顯示：(1)WTO政策和西部大開(kāi)發(fā)政策的綜合效應(yīng)導(dǎo)致全國(guó)城鄉(xiāng)收入差距擴(kuò)大26%,全國(guó)行業(yè)收入差距擴(kuò)大34%。(2)WTO政策對(duì)東部地區(qū)居民收入差距影響最大,導(dǎo)致東部地區(qū)城鄉(xiāng)收入差距擴(kuò)大164%,政策效應(yīng)持續(xù)八年；導(dǎo)致行業(yè)差距擴(kuò)大162%,政策效應(yīng)持續(xù)十年。(3)WTO政策對(duì)中部地區(qū)影響最小,導(dǎo)致中部地區(qū)城鄉(xiāng)收入差距擴(kuò)大18%,政策效應(yīng)持續(xù)四年；使行業(yè)收入差距縮小34%,政策效應(yīng)持續(xù)兩年。(4)WTO政策效應(yīng)使西部地區(qū)城鄉(xiāng)收入差距縮小71%,導(dǎo)致行業(yè)收入差距擴(kuò)大15%,對(duì)于城鄉(xiāng)和行業(yè)收入差距的政策效應(yīng)均持續(xù)六年。 “從起點(diǎn)、過(guò)程和結(jié)果”三個(gè)方面提出了縮小我國(guó)區(qū)域居民收入差距的政策建議：第一、起點(diǎn)上應(yīng)保持公共基礎(chǔ)投資的均等化；第二,過(guò)程上應(yīng)加快經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展步伐,改善產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu),減少國(guó)有壟斷企業(yè)；第三,結(jié)果上應(yīng)完善相關(guān)法律制度和稅收政策。
[Abstract]:Income gap has been the focus of attention. With China's entry into WTO, the degree of foreign trade liberalization further deepens, which not only brings about the rapid development of economy, but also leads to the widening of income gap among regional residents. Based on the panel data of 30 provinces (cities) from 1985 to 2012, this paper comprehensively measures the income gap between urban and rural areas, ownership, three industries and subdivision industries from four levels: national, provincial, three regions and three major regions. At the same time, the influence of WTO policy on the income gap of regional residents in China is evaluated by the combination of weighted (PSW) with inclination score and double difference model (DID). The results show that: (1) the combined effect of WTO policy and western development policy leads to the widening of the urban-rural income gap in China by 26 percent, and the expansion of the national industry income gap by 34 percent. (2) the WTO policy has the greatest impact on the income gap of residents in the eastern region. Leading to the eastern region urban-rural income gap expanded 164, the policy effect lasted for eight years, leading to the industry gap expanded 162, the policy effect lasted for 10 years. (3) the WTO policy has the least impact on the central region, As a result, the income gap between urban and rural areas in the central region expanded by 18%, and the policy effect lasted for four years; (4) the policy effect of WTO makes the income gap between urban and rural areas narrow by 71%, leading to the expansion of industry income gap by 15%, and the policy effect on the income gap between urban and rural areas and industry lasts for six years. From three aspects of starting point, process and result, the paper puts forward some policy suggestions for narrowing the income gap of regional residents in China: first, the equalization of public basic investment should be maintained at the starting point; second, the pace of economic development should be accelerated. Improve the industrial structure, reduce the state-owned monopoly enterprises; third, the results should improve the relevant legal system and tax policy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：云南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F743.1;F124.7

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