【摘要】：中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)經(jīng)過(guò)改革開(kāi)放30年的發(fā)展有了翻天覆地的變化，2012年中國(guó)人均GDP超過(guò)了6000美元，已經(jīng)趕上了中等收入國(guó)家的腳步�？墒俏覈�(guó)面臨的過(guò)度重工業(yè)化、過(guò)度出口依賴、環(huán)境污染、收入分配不均等問(wèn)題正在威脅中國(guó)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。一系列的經(jīng)濟(jì)問(wèn)題和社會(huì)問(wèn)題正在凸顯，要想保持經(jīng)濟(jì)的持續(xù)快速增長(zhǎng)就需要進(jìn)行一系列的改革。從世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展情況來(lái)看，只有少數(shù)的國(guó)家和地區(qū)成功跨越了“中等收入陷阱”。大部分國(guó)家在進(jìn)入中等收入行列以后一直處在徘徊狀態(tài)，遲遲未能進(jìn)入高收入國(guó)家行列。從大國(guó)來(lái)看，只有日本和韓國(guó)成功跨越了“中等收入陷阱”，而拉美地區(qū)和東南亞的一些國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展持續(xù)低迷，，即使有階段性的快速增長(zhǎng)也無(wú)法維持，陷入了“中等收入陷阱”。 本文介紹了“中等收入陷阱”的成因和定義，總結(jié)了陷入“中等收入陷阱”國(guó)家的表現(xiàn)形式。重點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了不同國(guó)家之間多方位的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展對(duì)比，拉丁美洲國(guó)家在經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展過(guò)程中經(jīng)歷了快速發(fā)展時(shí)期和經(jīng)濟(jì)停滯時(shí)期，所以本文首先將拉美國(guó)家不同歷史時(shí)期的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展?fàn)顩r做縱向的對(duì)比，總結(jié)快速發(fā)展的原因和經(jīng)濟(jì)停滯的教訓(xùn)。其次將日本、韓國(guó)等成功跨越“中等收入陷阱”的國(guó)家同菲律賓、印尼、印度等未能跨越“中等收入陷阱”的國(guó)家進(jìn)行對(duì)比。分析戰(zhàn)后不同國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)政策，總結(jié)兩類國(guó)家之間的差異。通過(guò)以上兩方面的國(guó)際間比較結(jié)合我國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展特點(diǎn)，提出適合我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展策略。本文運(yùn)用相關(guān)性分析，研究基尼系數(shù)和社會(huì)分配不公對(duì)跨越“中等收入陷阱”的影響，同時(shí)運(yùn)用回歸分析的方法，研究影響我國(guó)人均GDP的因素，并預(yù)測(cè)達(dá)到人均10000美元的時(shí)期，尋求維持高收入的條件。通過(guò)以上的國(guó)際間對(duì)比和實(shí)證分析研究，為我國(guó)成功跨越“中等收入陷阱”提供理論依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:China's economy has changed dramatically after 30 years of reform and opening up, with a per capita GDP of more than $6000 in 2012, which has caught up with middle-income countries. However, the problems of excessive heavy industry, excessive export dependence, environmental pollution and unequal income distribution are threatening the sustainable development of China. A series of economic and social problems are emerging, and a series of reforms are needed to maintain sustained and rapid economic growth. Judging from the development of the world economy, only a few countries and regions have successfully crossed the middle-income trap. Most countries have been hovering after entering the middle-income category and have been slow to enter high-income countries. From the big countries, only Japan and South Korea have successfully crossed the "middle-income trap," while the economic development of some countries in Latin America and Southeast Asia has continued to be sluggish, even if there is a period of rapid growth can not be maintained. Caught in the middle income trap. This paper introduces the cause and definition of "middle income trap", and summarizes the manifestation of "middle income trap" country. The emphasis is on the comparison of economic development among different countries. Latin American countries have experienced periods of rapid economic development and periods of economic stagnation in the process of economic development. So this paper firstly compares the economic development of Latin American countries in different historical periods and summarizes the reasons of rapid development and the lessons of economic stagnation. Second, compare countries such as Japan and South Korea that have successfully crossed the "middle-income trap" with those of the Philippines, Indonesia and India that have failed to do so. Analyze the economic policies of different countries after the war and summarize the differences between the two kinds of countries. According to the international comparison of the above two aspects and the characteristics of China's economic development, this paper puts forward some suitable economic development strategies for our country. This paper uses correlation analysis to study the influence of Gini coefficient and social inequality on crossing the "middle income trap". At the same time, by using regression analysis, the paper studies the factors that affect GDP per capita in China, and forecasts the period of 10000 US dollars per capita. Seek to maintain high income conditions. Through the above international comparison and empirical analysis, it provides the theoretical basis for our country to successfully cross the "middle income trap".
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽(yáng)師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F124.7

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