【摘要】：改革開放以來,中國內部各地區(qū)之間發(fā)展不平衡的矛盾越來越突出,尤其是20世紀90年代以來,地區(qū)收入差距呈現(xiàn)逐漸擴大之勢,已經成為中國經濟協(xié)調發(fā)展面臨的緊迫問題。影響地區(qū)差距的因素很多,而勞動力因素對地區(qū)發(fā)展有決定性作用。 國內外學者對于勞動地理集中影響地區(qū)收入差距的研究,無論是理論還是實證,結果均具有一定差異。本文對國內外學者的相關研究進行了回顧和總結,從新經濟地理學的理論框架入手,分析了勞動地理集中如何影響地區(qū)收入差距。本文采用地區(qū)就業(yè)人口與地方政府工作人員的比值作為勞動地理集中地指標,分別計算了各省人力資本集中度和普通勞動力集中度,反映了我國的特征,并選取2002-2011年我國省際面板數(shù)據(jù)進行了實證分析,結果顯示,人力資本集中所引發(fā)的一系列機制能夠提高地區(qū)的收入水平,但各省市人力資本分布不均衡有可能導致地區(qū)收入差距的進一步擴大。而普通勞動力集中度對地區(qū)人均收入的兩個方面的影響相互抵消,結果并不顯著,這也可以看出普通勞動力流動對地區(qū)差距縮小的積極作用。 在研究結論的基礎上,本文提出了縮小地區(qū)收入差距的政策建議。提高中西部地區(qū)人力資本集中度；加快中西部地區(qū)城市化建設,促進產業(yè)轉移,優(yōu)化勞動地理分布結構；促進普通勞動力自由流動,發(fā)揮其縮小地區(qū)差異的功能；發(fā)展鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)經濟。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, the contradiction of unbalanced development among different regions in China has become more and more prominent. Especially since the 1990s, the regional income gap has gradually expanded, which has become an urgent problem facing the coordinated development of China's economy. There are many factors that influence regional disparity, and labor force plays a decisive role in regional development. Domestic and foreign scholars' research on the regional income gap influenced by labor geography has some differences in both theory and practice. This paper reviews and summarizes the relevant studies of domestic and foreign scholars and analyzes how the concentration of labor geography affects the regional income gap from the theoretical framework of new economic geography. In this paper, the ratio of local employed population to local government staff is used as the index of geographical concentration of labor, and the concentration degree of human capital and ordinary labor force in each province are calculated respectively, which reflects the characteristics of our country. The empirical analysis shows that a series of mechanisms caused by the concentration of human capital can improve the income level of the region. However, the uneven distribution of human capital in various provinces and cities may lead to the further expansion of regional income gap. However, the influence of the concentration of ordinary labor force on the two aspects of regional per capita income is counteracted, and the results are not significant, which also shows the positive effect of the ordinary labor force mobility on the narrowing of the regional gap. On the basis of the research conclusions, this paper puts forward some policy suggestions for narrowing the regional income gap. To improve the concentration of human capital in the central and western regions, to accelerate the urbanization construction in the central and western regions, to promote the industrial transfer, to optimize the geographical distribution structure of labor, to promote the free flow of the ordinary labor force, and to play its role in narrowing the regional differences; Develop township economy.
【學位授予單位】：湖南師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F124.7;F249.21

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