本文選題：腐敗 + 碳排放�。� 參考：《湖南大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：二氧化碳(CO2)排放對(duì)氣候變化的影響引起全球的關(guān)注。《全球碳預(yù)算》顯示2012年中國(guó)成為化石燃料排放的最大排放源,占世界總排放量的27%,因此中國(guó)在應(yīng)對(duì)全球氣候變化,降低能源消耗、碳排放方面承擔(dān)著重要責(zé)任。改革開放以來中國(guó)在各方面取得了飛速發(fā)展,同時(shí)伴隨而來的是中國(guó)政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)、環(huán)境等領(lǐng)域腐敗的日益加劇,1987-2013年僅我國(guó)省部級(jí)以上落馬官員就達(dá)到165人,CPI指數(shù)始終維持在3.5左右的水平,屬于世界腐敗最嚴(yán)重的國(guó)家之一。國(guó)外相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)研究顯示,政府的腐敗行為可能對(duì)碳排放產(chǎn)生影響；有些研究發(fā)現(xiàn)腐敗對(duì)環(huán)境的影響甚至超過收入成為最重要的影響因素。因此,研究腐敗對(duì)中國(guó)碳排放的影響具有重要意義。現(xiàn)有文獻(xiàn)主要從國(guó)際角度出發(fā)研究腐敗對(duì)環(huán)境的影響,尚無文獻(xiàn)從中國(guó)角度出發(fā)系統(tǒng)研究腐敗對(duì)碳排放的影響,本文正是為了彌補(bǔ)現(xiàn)有研究的缺憾而試圖做出相應(yīng)的努力。 本文主要通過兩個(gè)層面研究腐敗對(duì)中國(guó)碳排放的影響效應(yīng)：一方面,通過對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)總結(jié),立足腐敗、經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)和環(huán)境污染等相關(guān)經(jīng)典理論,梳理了腐敗對(duì)碳排放的影響渠道和作用機(jī)制,構(gòu)建渠道影響的聯(lián)立方程,從直接和間接渠道分析腐敗對(duì)碳排放的總體影響；另一方面,在腐敗對(duì)碳排放存在影響的基礎(chǔ)上,構(gòu)建腐敗對(duì)碳排放影響的門檻效應(yīng)方程,進(jìn)一步分析在不同人力資本和環(huán)境規(guī)制水平門檻基礎(chǔ)上腐敗對(duì)環(huán)境影響的差異。 本文結(jié)合中國(guó)腐敗、碳排放的現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展趨勢(shì),借助面板聯(lián)立方程估計(jì)、門檻面板估計(jì)等眾多實(shí)證方法,利用1993-2011年省際數(shù)據(jù)定量考察了腐敗對(duì)中國(guó)碳排放的客觀影響,得到如下結(jié)論：首先,腐敗對(duì)碳排放的直接效應(yīng)顯著為正,即腐敗通過影響一地區(qū)環(huán)境規(guī)制的制定和執(zhí)行直接影響當(dāng)?shù)氐奶寂欧帕?而腐敗通過經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平影響碳排放的間接效應(yīng)在不同收入水平上有差異,這根據(jù)收入水平的高低來衡量,但總效應(yīng)上看腐敗會(huì)加劇中國(guó)的碳排放水平。其次,以環(huán)境規(guī)制和人力資本作為門檻變量作為腐敗對(duì)碳排放的門檻面板估計(jì)值時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn),當(dāng)環(huán)境規(guī)制和人力資本水平較低時(shí),腐敗程度的增加可能增加中國(guó)目前的碳排放總量和強(qiáng)度；當(dāng)環(huán)境規(guī)制和人力資本水平較高時(shí),腐敗與碳排放總量呈負(fù)相關(guān)但相關(guān)性不顯著,腐敗對(duì)碳排放強(qiáng)度的影響在不同腐敗衡量指標(biāo)時(shí)可能產(chǎn)生不同影響。最后,本文在理論分析、實(shí)證結(jié)論的基礎(chǔ)上,從抑制腐敗、提高能源效率、重視腐敗的門檻效應(yīng)等多個(gè)方面,提出了有針對(duì)性的政策建議。
[Abstract]:The impact of carbon dioxide emissions on climate change is of global concern. [the Global carbon Budget] shows that China became the largest source of fossil fuel emissions in 2012, accounting for 27 percent of the world's total emissions, so China is dealing with global climate change. Reduce energy consumption, carbon emissions to bear an important responsibility. Since the reform and opening up, China has made rapid progress in various fields, accompanied by China's politics, economy and society. The corruption in environment and other fields is increasing day by day. From 1987 to 2013, only the provincial and ministerial officials of our country have reached 165 people or so, the CPI index has been maintained at 3.5 or so, which is one of the countries with the most serious corruption in the world. Foreign literature shows that the corrupt behavior of the government may have an impact on carbon emissions, and some studies have found that the impact of corruption on the environment is even greater than income as the most important factor. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the impact of corruption on China's carbon emissions. The existing literature mainly studies the impact of corruption on the environment from the international point of view, there is no literature from the perspective of China to systematically study the impact of corruption on carbon emissions, this paper is to make up for the shortcomings of existing research and try to make corresponding efforts. This paper mainly studies the effect of corruption on China's carbon emissions from two aspects: on the one hand, by summarizing the relevant literature at home and abroad, based on the classical theories of corruption, economic growth and environmental pollution, etc. This paper combs the influence channel and mechanism of corruption on carbon emission, constructs the simultaneous equation of channel influence, analyzes the overall influence of corruption on carbon emission from direct and indirect channels; on the other hand, on the basis of the influence of corruption on carbon emission, The threshold effect equation of corruption on carbon emissions is constructed, and the difference of corruption on environment based on the threshold of different human capital and environmental regulation level is further analyzed. Combined with the current situation and development trend of corruption and carbon emissions in China, this paper, with the aid of panel simultaneous equation estimation, threshold panel estimation and many other empirical methods, quantitatively examines the objective impact of corruption on China's carbon emissions by using interprovincial data from 1993 to 2011. The conclusions are as follows: first, the direct effect of corruption on carbon emissions is significantly positive, that is, corruption directly affects local carbon emissions by influencing the formulation and implementation of environmental regulations in a region. The indirect effects of corruption on carbon emissions through the level of economic development are different in different income levels, which is measured by the level of income, but the total effect of corruption will aggravate the level of carbon emissions in China. Secondly, using environmental regulation and human capital as threshold variables, we find that when environmental regulation and human capital level are low, When the level of environmental regulation and human capital is high, corruption is negatively correlated with the total amount of carbon emissions, but the correlation is not significant. The impact of corruption on carbon intensity may vary with different measures of corruption. Finally, on the basis of theoretical analysis and empirical conclusions, this paper puts forward targeted policy recommendations from many aspects, such as restraining corruption, improving energy efficiency, paying attention to the threshold effect of corruption and so on.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D630;F124.5

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