本文選題：方言 + 文化差異��； 參考：《管理世界》2017年01期

【摘要】：文化差異作為影響經(jīng)濟發(fā)展差距的深層因素,是推行區(qū)域均衡發(fā)展政策的客觀約束。跨國研究認為基因的代際遺傳與文化的垂直傳遞是并行的,進而以基因距離刻畫文化差異。但本文綜合遺傳學、歷史學和民族學的證據(jù)顯示,在儒家文明圈中,基因與文化的對應關系由于文化橫向傳播而被打亂,而方言作為區(qū)域文化的載體能兼顧垂直傳遞和橫向傳播。為此,本文根據(jù)漢語方言的特點以及語言學波浪理論構建語言距離指標測度文化差異,實證研究表明,與基因距離相比,語言距離所包含的噪音更小,對于中國地區(qū)收入差距具有更強的解釋力。進一步的機制研究發(fā)現(xiàn),文化差異對于地區(qū)收入差距同時具有阻礙效應和直接效應。一方面,各地與技術前沿的文化差異通過影響信任和溝通等因素阻礙技術擴散,最終影響區(qū)域經(jīng)濟的均衡發(fā)展,但在人口流動、普通話推廣等背景下,這一效應正在明顯下降;另一方面,語言距離所代表的地域文化和商業(yè)精神的差異直接影響地區(qū)收入差距,且具有較強的時間持續(xù)性,基于企業(yè)家精神的實證發(fā)現(xiàn)是直接效應的有力證據(jù)。
[Abstract]:As a deep factor affecting the economic development gap, cultural differences are the objective constraints for the implementation of regional balanced development policy. Transnational studies suggest that the intergenerational inheritance of genes is parallel to the vertical transmission of culture, and that cultural differences are characterized by genetic distances. But this paper, combined with evidence of genetics, history and ethnology, shows that in Confucian civilization, the relationship between genes and culture is disrupted by the horizontal spread of culture. Dialect, as the carrier of regional culture, can take both vertical and horizontal transmission into account. Therefore, according to the characteristics of Chinese dialects and the linguistic wave theory, this paper constructs linguistic distance indicators to measure cultural differences. Empirical research shows that language distance contains less noise than gene distance. For China's regional income gap has a stronger explanation. Further studies on the mechanism show that cultural differences have both hindrance effect and direct effect on regional income gap. On the one hand, the cultural differences between different regions and technological frontiers hinder the diffusion of technology through influencing factors such as trust and communication, and ultimately affect the balanced development of regional economy. However, under the background of population mobility and popularization of Mandarin, this effect is obviously declining; On the other hand, the difference of regional culture and business spirit represented by language distance directly affects the regional income gap and has a strong time duration. The empirical findings based on entrepreneurship are strong evidence of direct effect.
【作者單位】： 暨南大學華僑華人研究院;中山大學嶺南學院;
【基金】：廣東省自然科學基金博士啟動項目(2015A030310216) 國家自然科學基金青年項目(71303264) 教育部哲學社會科學重大課題攻關項目(14JZD021)的資助
【分類號】：F124.7;H17
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本文編號：1989103