本文選題：中等收入家庭 + 收入差距��； 參考：《安徽大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：改革開放以來,我國經(jīng)濟(jì)高速增長,居民收入快速增長,但是居民收入差距不斷擴(kuò)大。為解決居民收入差距問題,十八大提出了 "調(diào)高、擴(kuò)中、提低"政策,"擴(kuò)中'"就是擴(kuò)大中等收入群體,其具有必要性與時(shí)代性,擴(kuò)大中等收入群體既可以跨越中等收入陷阱,也可以推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)更快更好發(fā)展,由此解決中等收入群體收入差距問題刻不容緩。目前國內(nèi)學(xué)者對(duì)其研究很少,對(duì)其背后的影響因素與影響機(jī)制也沒有形成一個(gè)完善的體系,本文以家庭為研究對(duì)象,從全新的視角研究中等收入群體收入差距影響機(jī)制。為了對(duì)中等收入家庭收入差距影響因素進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)的認(rèn)識(shí),本文對(duì)其影響因素進(jìn)行宏微觀角度分析。宏觀方面采用線性回歸與Jenkins分解兩種模型探究經(jīng)濟(jì)增長與經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整因子、政府制度因子、就業(yè)情況三方面因素討論其影響的力度與方向。微觀方面采用基于分位數(shù)回歸的M-M分解探究城鄉(xiāng)、區(qū)域各個(gè)收入段的家庭收入變動(dòng)及其影響因素。本文基于CHNS數(shù)據(jù),宏觀方面得出:經(jīng)濟(jì)增長與經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整對(duì)縮小中等收入家庭收入差距沒有起到一定的作用;市場化程度有待改善;行業(yè)的收入差距是導(dǎo)致中等收入家庭收入差距的重要因素;縮小中等收入家庭收入差距的有效手段是減小失業(yè)。從Jenkins分解模型得出中等收入家庭收入變動(dòng)來源中主要是殘差效應(yīng)(異質(zhì)性群體),其次是均值效應(yīng)(經(jīng)濟(jì)增長),最后是方差效應(yīng)(不平等程度);異質(zhì)性群體、經(jīng)濟(jì)增長、不平等促使高收入家庭出現(xiàn)分化,對(duì)低收入家庭作用不大,也就是說在異質(zhì)性群體的高收入?yún)^(qū)域中,由于不平等因素的存在促使大量集中于這一收入?yún)^(qū)間的中等收入家庭的高收入?yún)^(qū)域更加分散。微觀方面得出:對(duì)于城鄉(xiāng)中低收入家庭,提高其家庭成員受教育程度,控制家庭人口數(shù),可以有效的提高其家庭收入,而對(duì)于城鄉(xiāng)中高收入家庭,工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)的提升、區(qū)域的差異、家庭人口的規(guī)模對(duì)其家庭收入沒多大影響;城鄉(xiāng)高收入家庭的收入差距比中低收入家庭更大。對(duì)于我國東部、中部、西部中等收入家庭,受教育程度對(duì)東部中等收入家庭影響不大,而對(duì)中部、西部中等收入家庭影響顯著,即中部、西部中等收入家庭提高其家庭成員受教育程度可以有效提高其家庭收入;家庭成員的平均年齡、工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)對(duì)東部、中部、西部中等收入家庭收入影響不大;城鄉(xiāng)的不同對(duì)東部中低收入家庭影響較大,對(duì)中高收入家庭影響不大,城鄉(xiāng)的不同對(duì)中部、西部中低收入家庭影響不大,對(duì)中部中高收入家庭影響越來越大;對(duì)于東部、中部、西部中低收入家庭控制人口數(shù)可以有效提高其家庭收入,中高收入家庭人口數(shù)的規(guī)模對(duì)其家庭收入影響不大;東部、中部、西部中高收入家庭收入差距比中低收入家庭更大。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, the economy of our country has grown rapidly and the income of residents has increased rapidly, but the income gap of residents has been widening. In order to solve the problem of income gap among residents, the 18th National Congress put forward the policy of "increasing the income, expanding the middle and raising the low". "expanding the middle" means expanding the middle income group, which is necessary and contemporary, and the expansion of the middle income group can not only overcome the middle income trap, but also expand the income of the middle income group. Can also promote faster and better economic development, thus solving the income gap between middle-income groups without delay. At present, there is little research on it by domestic scholars, and there is not a perfect system of influencing factors and influencing mechanism behind it. This paper takes the family as the research object and studies the influence mechanism of income gap of middle income group from a new perspective. In order to understand the influence factors of middle income family income gap, this paper analyzes the influencing factors from macro and micro angle. In macroscopical aspect, the factors of economic growth and economic structure adjustment, government system and employment are discussed in terms of linear regression and Jenkins decomposition. In micro aspect, M-M decomposition based on quantile regression was used to explore the change of household income and its influencing factors in urban and rural areas. Based on the data of CHNS, this paper concludes that economic growth and economic structure adjustment have not played a certain role in narrowing the income gap of middle-income households, and the degree of marketization needs to be improved. The industry income gap is an important factor leading to the income gap of middle income families, and the effective means to narrow the income gap of middle income families is to reduce unemployment. From the Jenkins decomposition model, it is concluded that the main sources of income change in middle-income households are residual effect (heterogeneity group), followed by mean effect (economic growth, variance effect, heterogeneity group, economic growth). Inequality divides high-income families and has little impact on low-income families, that is, in high-income regions of heterogeneous groups, Due to the existence of inequality, the high-income regions of middle-income families concentrated in this income range are much more dispersed. Micro aspect: for urban and rural low- and middle-income families, to improve their family members' education level, control the number of families, can effectively improve their family income, but for urban and rural high-income families, work experience, Regional differences, the size of the household population has little impact on household income; the income gap between urban and rural high-income households is greater than that of low- and middle-income families. For the middle income families in the east, middle and west of China, the education level has little effect on the middle income families in the east, but it has a significant impact on the middle income families in the middle and the west, that is, the middle part. The average age and work experience of the middle income family members have little influence on the income of the middle income families in the east, the middle and the west regions, and the average age of the family members and their work experience have little influence on the income of the middle income families in the east, the middle and the west. The differences between urban and rural areas have a greater impact on middle and low income families in the east, but not on middle and high income families. The differences between urban and rural areas have little impact on middle and low income families in the west, and more influence on middle and high income families in the central region; in the east, in the middle, in the middle, The size of middle and high income families has little effect on their household income, while the income gap of middle and high income families in the east, middle and west regions is larger than that of low and middle income families.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F124.7

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