本文選題：貧困 + 扶貧開(kāi)發(fā)��； 參考：《中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)（北京）》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：改革開(kāi)放以來(lái)，我國(guó)先后組織實(shí)施了大規(guī)模的、持久的和富有成效的專(zhuān)項(xiàng)扶貧開(kāi)發(fā)計(jì)劃，走出了一條符合國(guó)情、具有特色的“政府主導(dǎo)、社會(huì)參與、自力更生、開(kāi)發(fā)扶貧”的扶貧開(kāi)發(fā)道路。但扶貧開(kāi)發(fā)任務(wù)仍然十分艱巨，，貧困人口規(guī)模依然龐大，貧困地區(qū)發(fā)展嚴(yán)重不平衡，自然災(zāi)害威脅嚴(yán)重，相對(duì)貧困現(xiàn)象凸顯。特別是，以中原經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)為代表的國(guó)家扶貧工作重點(diǎn)縣、集中連片特困地區(qū)、糧食主產(chǎn)區(qū)、黃河灘區(qū)等區(qū)域的貧困問(wèn)題依然突出。因此，轉(zhuǎn)變扶貧開(kāi)發(fā)思路，推動(dòng)中原經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)實(shí)行“政府主導(dǎo)、企業(yè)主體、市場(chǎng)運(yùn)作”的資源扶貧開(kāi)發(fā)模式，通過(guò)自然、人力、交通、龍頭企業(yè)等優(yōu)勢(shì)資源的整合，帶動(dòng)貧困地區(qū)從“外部輸血”到“自身造血”的根本性轉(zhuǎn)變，是徹底解決貧困問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)，也是實(shí)現(xiàn)到2020年全面建成小康社會(huì)的重要途徑。 本文從資源產(chǎn)業(yè)扶貧的內(nèi)涵出發(fā)，分析了資源產(chǎn)業(yè)扶貧的基本要素和運(yùn)行機(jī)理，認(rèn)為資源產(chǎn)業(yè)扶貧需要政府、貧困戶以及社會(huì)各界的積極廣泛參與，需要對(duì)貧困地區(qū)的資源進(jìn)行全方位的研究，需要對(duì)現(xiàn)有扶貧模式進(jìn)行績(jī)效評(píng)估，在此基礎(chǔ)上選擇確定合理的資源型產(chǎn)業(yè)，通過(guò)積極有效的產(chǎn)業(yè)開(kāi)發(fā)模式，推動(dòng)資源產(chǎn)業(yè)扶貧有序運(yùn)行。同時(shí)還要加快建立資源產(chǎn)業(yè)開(kāi)發(fā)的載體，為資源產(chǎn)業(yè)扶貧提供科學(xué)平穩(wěn)的運(yùn)行渠道。通過(guò)對(duì)美國(guó)資源產(chǎn)業(yè)、法國(guó)資源產(chǎn)業(yè)、南非旅游資源產(chǎn)業(yè)、巴西農(nóng)業(yè)資源開(kāi)發(fā)的分析，提出中原經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)值得借鑒的方面。通過(guò)對(duì)中原經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)資源產(chǎn)業(yè)扶貧的基本情況、貧困的成因、現(xiàn)行扶貧開(kāi)發(fā)模式和扶貧的難點(diǎn)進(jìn)行深入分析，為資源產(chǎn)業(yè)扶貧的可行性和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義進(jìn)行了總結(jié)；采用層次分析法以龍頭企業(yè)帶動(dòng)型扶貧為例對(duì)資源產(chǎn)業(yè)扶貧的績(jī)效進(jìn)行評(píng)估，發(fā)現(xiàn)中原經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)地域范圍廣、集中連片貧困地區(qū)大、糧食主產(chǎn)區(qū)貧困現(xiàn)象突出、貧困人口返貧問(wèn)題嚴(yán)重，只有采取促進(jìn)當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)化發(fā)展和資源綜合開(kāi)發(fā)利用的開(kāi)發(fā)手段，才能達(dá)到長(zhǎng)期有效的扶貧效果。在此基礎(chǔ)上，以南陽(yáng)市為例，采用份額偏離基準(zhǔn)（SSM）分析方法，對(duì)南陽(yáng)市資源產(chǎn)業(yè)扶貧開(kāi)發(fā)的產(chǎn)業(yè)選擇進(jìn)行了探討，認(rèn)為貧困地區(qū)資源開(kāi)發(fā)的主導(dǎo)產(chǎn)業(yè)選擇可以根據(jù)選擇基準(zhǔn)，確定地區(qū)生產(chǎn)總值較高，具有一定比較優(yōu)勢(shì)的，增長(zhǎng)潛力明顯偏大的產(chǎn)業(yè)。最后，提出中原經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)資源產(chǎn)業(yè)扶貧的模式、機(jī)制和對(duì)策建議。筆者認(rèn)為，應(yīng)該建立資源產(chǎn)業(yè)財(cái)政扶貧資金模式、集中連片資源產(chǎn)業(yè)扶貧開(kāi)發(fā)模式、資源型企業(yè)對(duì)口幫扶模式、旅游扶貧開(kāi)發(fā)項(xiàng)目化模式和再生資源產(chǎn)業(yè)扶貧開(kāi)發(fā)模式等5種資源產(chǎn)業(yè)扶貧開(kāi)發(fā)模式，幫助中原經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)貧困地區(qū)脫貧致富。
[Abstract]:Since the beginning of reform and opening up, China has successively organized and implemented a large-scale, lasting and fruitful special poverty alleviation and development plan, and has come out of a "government-led, social participation, self-reliance" program that is in line with the national conditions. The road of poverty alleviation and development. However, the task of poverty alleviation and development is still very arduous, the scale of the poor population is still huge, the development of poor areas is seriously unbalanced, the threat of natural disasters is serious, and the phenomenon of relative poverty is prominent. In particular, the central plains economic zone as a representative of the national poverty alleviation work in key counties, concentrated on the special hardship areas, grain production areas, the Yellow River beach areas and other areas of poverty is still prominent. Therefore, to change the thinking of poverty alleviation and development, and to promote the implementation of the "government-led, enterprise main body, market operation" mode of resource poverty alleviation and development in the Central Plains Economic Zone, through the integration of natural, human, transportation, leading enterprises and other superior resources, Driving the fundamental transformation from "external blood transfusion" to "self-hematopoiesis" in poverty-stricken areas is the key link to solve the problem of poverty thoroughly, and is also an important way to build a well-to-do society in an all-round way by 2020. Starting from the connotation of poverty alleviation in resource industry, this paper analyzes the basic elements and operational mechanism of poverty alleviation in resource industry, and holds that the poverty alleviation in resource industry needs the active and extensive participation of the government, poor households and all walks of life. It is necessary to carry on the comprehensive research on the resources of the poor areas, and to evaluate the performance of the existing poverty alleviation models. On this basis, we should choose the rational resource-based industries, and adopt the active and effective industrial development model. We will promote the orderly operation of the resource industry in helping the poor. At the same time, we should speed up the establishment of the carrier of resource industry development, and provide a scientific and stable operating channel for resource industry poverty alleviation. Based on the analysis of American resource industry, French resource industry, South African tourism resource industry and Brazilian agricultural resource development, the paper points out that the Central Plains Economic Zone should be used for reference. Through the deep analysis of the basic situation, the causes of poverty, the current poverty alleviation development model and the difficulties of poverty alleviation in the Central Plains Economic Zone, this paper summarizes the feasibility and practical significance of poverty alleviation in the resource industry. Taking the leading enterprises as an example to evaluate the performance of poverty alleviation in the resource industry, it is found that the Central Plains Economic Zone has a wide geographical scope, a large concentrated poverty area, and a prominent poverty phenomenon in the main grain producing areas. The problem of poor people returning to poverty is serious. Only by adopting the means of promoting the development of local agricultural industrialization and comprehensive exploitation and utilization of resources can we achieve a long-term and effective poverty alleviation effect. On this basis, taking Nanyang City as an example, the paper discusses the industrial choice of poverty alleviation and development of resource industry in Nanyang City by using the method of share deviation benchmark (SSM). It is concluded that the selection of leading industries in resource development in poor areas can be based on the selection criteria. Determine the region's higher GDP, with a certain comparative advantage, the growth potential is significantly larger industries. Finally, the paper puts forward the model, mechanism and countermeasures of poverty alleviation of resources industry in Central Plains Economic Zone. In my opinion, we should establish the financial poverty alleviation fund model of the resource industry, focus on the poverty alleviation and development model of the linked resource industry, and support the resource-based enterprises to help each other. The project model of tourism poverty alleviation and the model of renewable resource industry poverty alleviation and development, which help the impoverished areas of Central Plains Economic Zone to get rid of poverty and become rich.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)（北京）
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F127

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