本文選題：財(cái)政科技支出 + 自主創(chuàng)新�。� 參考：《福州大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：自主創(chuàng)新已成為推動(dòng)一國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展的重要推動(dòng)力,世界各國(guó)都把自主創(chuàng)新投資作為一種戰(zhàn)略性的投資方式,把發(fā)展自主創(chuàng)新作為提升本國(guó)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的重要手段。政府科技投入是發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家大力發(fā)展自主創(chuàng)新產(chǎn)業(yè)的普遍做法,也被作為衡量一國(guó)綜合國(guó)力的重要指標(biāo)。財(cái)政科技支出作為社會(huì)科技資金的主要來(lái)源之一,會(huì)對(duì)自主創(chuàng)新的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生一定的影響。通過(guò)借鑒其他學(xué)者的研究,本文選取財(cái)政科技支出的總體規(guī)模、區(qū)域結(jié)構(gòu)和項(xiàng)目結(jié)構(gòu)三個(gè)角度,綜合探討我國(guó)財(cái)政科技支出對(duì)自主創(chuàng)新的影響效應(yīng)。文章采用理論分析與實(shí)證分析相結(jié)合的方法,對(duì)我國(guó)財(cái)政科技支出與自主創(chuàng)新的關(guān)系進(jìn)行梳理。首先,從理論方面分析我國(guó)財(cái)政科技支出介入自主創(chuàng)新的必要性,為下文的實(shí)證分析奠定基礎(chǔ)；其次,分別對(duì)我國(guó)財(cái)政科技支出和自主創(chuàng)新進(jìn)行現(xiàn)狀分析和實(shí)證分析,探究?jī)烧叩年P(guān)系和存在的問(wèn)題；最后,從促進(jìn)自主創(chuàng)新發(fā)展的角度出發(fā),提出完善現(xiàn)行財(cái)政科技支出規(guī)模和結(jié)構(gòu)的政策建議。理論與實(shí)證綜合分析的結(jié)果顯示,我國(guó)財(cái)政科技支出能夠促進(jìn)自主創(chuàng)新的發(fā)展：總體規(guī)模方面,財(cái)政科技支出的絕對(duì)規(guī)模和相對(duì)規(guī)模都能夠促進(jìn)自主創(chuàng)新的發(fā)展,而我國(guó)財(cái)政科技支出力度不夠,增長(zhǎng)不穩(wěn)定,相對(duì)規(guī)模較低,制約了對(duì)自主創(chuàng)新的促進(jìn)效應(yīng)；區(qū)域結(jié)構(gòu)方面,中部財(cái)政科技支出對(duì)自主創(chuàng)新的貢獻(xiàn)率最大,西部次之,東部最小,中西部財(cái)政科技支出相對(duì)不足,長(zhǎng)此以往不利于區(qū)域的協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展：項(xiàng)目結(jié)構(gòu)方面,研究與試驗(yàn)發(fā)展支出對(duì)自主創(chuàng)新發(fā)展的貢獻(xiàn)率高于開(kāi)發(fā)研究與服務(wù)支出的貢獻(xiàn)率,而開(kāi)發(fā)研究與服務(wù)支出相對(duì)過(guò)剩,擠占了研究與試驗(yàn)發(fā)展的經(jīng)費(fèi),項(xiàng)目結(jié)構(gòu)配置的不合理將影響到自主創(chuàng)新的后續(xù)發(fā)展。針對(duì)以上分析得出的結(jié)論和問(wèn)題,以提高我國(guó)自主創(chuàng)新能力的視角出發(fā),有針對(duì)性地提出優(yōu)化財(cái)政科技支出規(guī)模和結(jié)構(gòu)的政策建議：在總體規(guī)模方面,要加大財(cái)政科技支出力度,合理界定財(cái)政科技支出范圍,建立財(cái)政科技支出穩(wěn)定增長(zhǎng)機(jī)制；在區(qū)域結(jié)構(gòu)方面,保持中西部財(cái)政科技支出規(guī)模的適當(dāng)增長(zhǎng),完善中央和地方財(cái)政科技支出管理體制；在項(xiàng)目結(jié)構(gòu)方面,要加強(qiáng)研究與試驗(yàn)發(fā)展的投入,調(diào)整開(kāi)發(fā)研究與服務(wù)支出。
[Abstract]:Independent innovation has become an important driving force to promote the economic and social development of a country. Countries all over the world regard independent innovation investment as a strategic investment mode and independent innovation development as an important means to enhance their competitiveness. Government investment in science and technology is a common practice of developing independent innovation industry in developed countries, and it is also regarded as an important index to measure a country's comprehensive national strength. As one of the main sources of social science and technology funds, the financial expenditure of science and technology will have a certain impact on the development of independent innovation. By referring to the research of other scholars, this paper selects the total scale, regional structure and project structure of fiscal science and technology expenditure to discuss the effect of fiscal science and technology expenditure on independent innovation. This paper combs the relationship between fiscal science and technology expenditure and independent innovation by means of theoretical analysis and empirical analysis. Firstly, it analyzes the necessity of our country's fiscal science and technology expenditure intervening in independent innovation from the theory aspect, establishes the foundation for the empirical analysis below; secondly, carries on the present situation analysis and the empirical analysis to our country finance science and technology expenditure and the independent innovation separately. Finally, from the perspective of promoting the development of independent innovation, the author puts forward some policy suggestions to improve the scale and structure of the current fiscal expenditure on science and technology. The results of theoretical and empirical analysis show that China's fiscal expenditure on science and technology can promote the development of independent innovation: in terms of overall scale, the absolute and relative scale of fiscal expenditure of science and technology can promote the development of independent innovation. But our country finance science and technology expenditure dynamics is not enough, the growth is unstable, the relative scale is relatively low, has restricted the promotion effect to the independent innovation, the central finance science and technology expenditure to the independent innovation contribution rate is the biggest in the regional structure, the west is the second. In the project structure, the contribution rate of research and experimental development expenditure to independent innovation development is higher than that of development research and service expenditure. However, the expenditure on research and service is relatively excessive, which accounts for the expense of research and experimental development, and the irrational allocation of project structure will affect the subsequent development of independent innovation. In view of the conclusions and problems of the above analysis, in order to improve the independent innovation ability of our country, the paper puts forward some policy suggestions to optimize the scale and structure of fiscal expenditure on science and technology: in the aspect of overall scale, It is necessary to increase the intensity of fiscal expenditure on science and technology, rationally define the scope of fiscal expenditure on science and technology, and establish a mechanism for steady growth of fiscal expenditure on science and technology. In terms of project structure, we should strengthen the investment in research and experimental development and adjust the expenditure on research and service.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：福州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F812.45;F124.3

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