本文選題：投資 + 資本存量��； 參考：《重慶大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：改革開放以來，投資極大地推動(dòng)了我國經(jīng)濟(jì)增長。我國資本資源較勞動(dòng)力和自然資源更為稀缺，在資本資源稀缺約束下，提高資本投資效率成為經(jīng)濟(jì)長期、可持續(xù)增長的充分條件。那么，中國資本投資的效率如何？環(huán)境約束對(duì)中國資本投資效率又產(chǎn)生了怎樣的影響？對(duì)中國資本投資效率進(jìn)行測(cè)算與客觀評(píng)價(jià)，既是政府經(jīng)濟(jì)決策的基礎(chǔ)，也是引導(dǎo)后續(xù)社會(huì)資本投入，加快轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)增長方式，創(chuàng)新經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展模式，提升經(jīng)濟(jì)增長質(zhì)量的必要條件。 本文在對(duì)國內(nèi)外相關(guān)研究及理論進(jìn)行回顧梳理的基礎(chǔ)上，首先利用永續(xù)盤存法對(duì)我國整體及各省級(jí)單位的資本存量進(jìn)行估計(jì)，對(duì)我國資本投資現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行描述性分析；其次，分別就我國資本投資的效率及環(huán)境約束下的全要素資本效率進(jìn)行測(cè)算；再次，對(duì)影響全要素資本效率的因素進(jìn)行實(shí)證分析與檢驗(yàn)；最后，就提高我國資本效率的對(duì)策進(jìn)行探討。本研究得出如下基本結(jié)論。 第一，我國資本存量及固定資產(chǎn)投資均呈逐年持續(xù)增長趨勢(shì)；我國城鄉(xiāng)、各產(chǎn)業(yè)及各區(qū)域固定資產(chǎn)投資均逐年增加，但存在顯著城鄉(xiāng)、產(chǎn)業(yè)及區(qū)域差異。 第二，我國整體和城鄉(xiāng)、三次產(chǎn)業(yè)及各區(qū)域投資率均呈不斷上升趨勢(shì)，，資本效率均呈下降趨勢(shì)，但城鄉(xiāng)間、各產(chǎn)業(yè)與各區(qū)域間資本效率存在顯著差異。 第三，無論有無環(huán)境約束，中國均存在大量無效資本投入，且資本效率整體偏低；東部資本效率及資本利用技術(shù)水平最高，中部和東北最低且呈下降趨勢(shì)，無效資本量最大；資本效率較高的省份主要集中在東部。無環(huán)境約束下，群組前沿的資本效率均高于共同前沿，且西部資本效率最低。有環(huán)境約束下，群組和共同前沿下整體、東部和西部資本效率均有所改善，但仍偏低；中部和東北資本效率及資本利用技術(shù)水平均顯著下降，西部則大幅提升。 第四，無論有無環(huán)境約束下，金融發(fā)展、市場(chǎng)化水平和人力資本對(duì)資本效率具有積極影響，第二產(chǎn)業(yè)比重對(duì)資本效率具有消極影響，財(cái)政支出對(duì)資本效率的影響不顯著。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, investment has greatly promoted China's economic growth.Capital resources are more scarce than labor and natural resources in our country. Under the constraint of capital resources scarcity, improving the efficiency of capital investment becomes a sufficient condition for the long-term and sustainable growth of economy.So, what is the efficiency of Chinese capital investment?What is the impact of environmental constraints on the efficiency of Chinese capital investment?To measure and evaluate the efficiency of Chinese capital investment is not only the basis of the government's economic decision-making, but also the basis of guiding the subsequent social capital investment, accelerating the transformation of the economic growth mode and innovating the economic development model.Necessary conditions for improving the quality of economic growth.On the basis of reviewing relevant research and theories at home and abroad, this paper first estimates the capital stock of the whole and provincial units of our country by using the method of perpetual inventory, and then analyzes the present situation of capital investment in China.The efficiency of capital investment and environmental constraints of the total factor capital efficiency are measured; thirdly, the factors that affect the total factor capital efficiency are empirically analyzed and tested; finally, the countermeasures to improve the capital efficiency are discussed.The basic conclusions of this study are as follows.Firstly, the capital stock and fixed asset investment in China are increasing year by year, and the fixed assets investment in urban and rural areas, industries and regions are increasing year by year, but there are significant differences between urban and rural areas, industries and regions.Second, the investment rate of the three industries and regions in our country is on the rise and the capital efficiency is decreasing, but there are significant differences between urban and rural areas and between industries and regions.Third, whether or not there are environmental constraints, there are a large number of invalid capital investment in China, and the overall capital efficiency is on the low side, the capital efficiency and capital utilization technology level is the highest in the east, the lowest and downward trend is in the middle and northeast, and the amount of invalid capital is the largest.The provinces with higher capital efficiency are concentrated in the east.Without environmental constraints, the capital efficiency of group frontier is higher than that of common frontier, and the capital efficiency of western region is the lowest.Under the constraint of environment, the capital efficiency of eastern and western regions has improved, but it is still low, while the capital efficiency and capital utilization technology level of central and northeast regions have decreased significantly, while that of western regions has been greatly improved.Fourth, financial development, market-oriented level and human capital have positive influence on capital efficiency, secondary industry proportion has negative influence on capital efficiency, and financial expenditure has no significant effect on capital efficiency.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F124

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