本文選題：經(jīng)濟增長　切入點：環(huán)境污染　出處：《首都經(jīng)濟貿(mào)易大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：經(jīng)濟增長和環(huán)境污染問題一直是環(huán)境經(jīng)濟學研究的重要方面，中國的經(jīng)濟增長經(jīng)歷了30多年的持續(xù)高速增長，然而經(jīng)濟增長與環(huán)境惡化之間的兩難沖突已經(jīng)引起人們的高度重視，二者關(guān)系的探討也逐漸成為各領(lǐng)域的熱點問題。隨著20世紀80、90年代環(huán)境監(jiān)測技術(shù)水平的進步，人們能夠獲得大量有關(guān)環(huán)境質(zhì)量監(jiān)測的實際數(shù)據(jù)，學者們也開始利用這些數(shù)據(jù)來分析環(huán)境污染與經(jīng)濟增長二者之間的關(guān)系。環(huán)境庫茲涅茨曲線（EKC）假說認為一個國家或地區(qū)的環(huán)境質(zhì)量會隨著經(jīng)濟的增長先惡化然后改善，在圖形上顯示為倒"U"形狀。但我國幅員遼闊，東、中、西部地區(qū)資源稟賦、產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、環(huán)保政策、科技水平、人口密度都存在較大差異，經(jīng)濟增長與環(huán)境質(zhì)量之間的關(guān)系也會呈現(xiàn)出各自的區(qū)域特征，而且經(jīng)濟增長和環(huán)境質(zhì)量之間存在一定的反饋關(guān)系，因此本文試圖將環(huán)境因素引入產(chǎn)出函數(shù)，建立EKC和擴展的產(chǎn)出函數(shù)的聯(lián)立方程組，將經(jīng)濟增長和環(huán)境污染指標內(nèi)生化，以此為工具來考察我國東、中、西部地區(qū)經(jīng)濟增長和環(huán)境污染之間的關(guān)系。本論文一共分為五個部分，第一章是導言，該章首先表明了選題的背景和意義，然后回顧了中、西方經(jīng)濟學家在兩者關(guān)系領(lǐng)域上的研究情況。第二章，論文所用概念闡述和相關(guān)理論梳理。理論梳理部分簡要地闡述了西方經(jīng)濟學中的外部性理論、產(chǎn)權(quán)定理、公共物品理論以及環(huán)境庫茲涅茨理論，并在環(huán)境經(jīng)濟系統(tǒng)的視野下建立EKC和擴展的產(chǎn)出方程的聯(lián)立方程組。第三章是東、中、西部經(jīng)濟增長與環(huán)境質(zhì)量的現(xiàn)狀分析。在這一部分，運用大量的數(shù)據(jù)和圖表對我國各地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟增長、產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、科技水平、物質(zhì)資本存量、人力資本積累、環(huán)境污染指標現(xiàn)狀進行了詳細的統(tǒng)計描述和比較分析。第四章是東、中、西部經(jīng)濟增長和環(huán)境污染總體特征的實證分析。選用1995-2010年各地區(qū)工業(yè)廢水排放量、二氧化硫排放量、固體廢棄物排放量、工業(yè)煙塵和工業(yè)粉塵排放量作為環(huán)境污染指標，利用主成分分析方法排除各指標之間的相關(guān)性，得到環(huán)境污染綜合指標，然后對人均實際GDP與環(huán)境污染綜合指標進行回歸分析。研究表明：我國東、中、西部地區(qū)環(huán)境污染和經(jīng)濟增長之間均呈現(xiàn)出先好轉(zhuǎn)再惡化，，爾后又好轉(zhuǎn)的“倒N形”關(guān)系，控制指標產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)即第二產(chǎn)業(yè)占比各地區(qū)均一定程度上促進了環(huán)境惡化；環(huán)境污染降低了產(chǎn)出水平，物質(zhì)資本存量和人力資本積累提高了產(chǎn)出水平。最后一部分是政策建議。該章對前面章節(jié)的研究進行了總結(jié)，并對如何協(xié)調(diào)我國經(jīng)濟與環(huán)境關(guān)系、改善我國環(huán)境質(zhì)量提出了若干建議。
[Abstract]:Economic growth and environmental pollution problem has been an important research aspect of environmental economics, Chinese economic growth has experienced 30 years of rapid growth, however, has caused the attention of people is a conflict between economic growth and environmental deterioration, to explore the relationship between the two has become a hot issue in various fields. With the technical level of 80,90 in twentieth Century in the environmental monitoring progress, people can get a lot of relevant environmental quality monitoring of the actual data, scholars have begun to analyze the relationship between environmental pollution and economic growth in the two use of these data. The environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis that the environmental quality of a country or region with economic growth worsen first and then improve. Show the inverted "U" shape in the figure. But in our country, the East, in the area of natural resources, the western industrial structure, environmental protection policy, science and technology The level of population density are of great difference, the relationship between economic growth and environmental quality will show their regional characteristics, and the existence of feedback relationship between economic growth and environmental quality, this paper attempts to put environmental factors into the production function, simultaneous equations of a production function EKC and the expansion of the economic growth and the environmental pollution index in biochemistry as a tool to study China's East, the relationship between economic growth and environmental pollution in the western region. This paper is divided into five parts, the first chapter is the introduction, the first chapter shows the background and significance, then reviews the research situation in the western economists, the relationship between the two areas. In the second chapter, elaborated the concept and the related theories. The theoretical part briefly elaborates the western economics in the externality theory, property rights theory, Public goods theory and environmental Kuznets theory, simultaneous equations and output equation and the establishment of EKC and extended in the perspective of environmental economic system. The third chapter is analysis of the current situation in the East, economic growth and environmental quality in the West. In this part, the level of use of large amounts of data and charts of every area of our country science and technology economic growth, industrial structure, capital stock, human capital accumulation, a detailed statistical description and comparative analysis of indicators of environmental pollution situation. The fourth chapter is the East, and a positive analysis of the general characteristics of the western economic growth and environmental pollution. By 1995-2010 years of industrial wastewater discharge regions, sulfur dioxide emissions, solid waste industrial emissions, soot and industrial dust emissions as indicators of environmental pollution, elimination and analysis of the correlation between the index with the principal components method by environmental pollution comprehensive index Then, the comprehensive index of per capita GDP and environmental pollution by regression analysis. The study shows that China's eastern, western region, between environmental pollution and economic growth showed first improved and worsened, improved inverted "N" relationship, control index of industrial structure is the second industry accounted for certain regions extent contributed to the deterioration of the environment; environment pollution and reduce the level of output, human capital and material capital accumulation and increase the level of output. The last part is the policy recommendations. This chapter studies on the previous chapters are summarized, and on how to coordinate the relationship between China's economy and environment, puts forward some suggestions to improve the environmental quality of our country.

【學位授予單位】：首都經(jīng)濟貿(mào)易大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：X22;F124.1

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