本文選題：福利　切入點(diǎn)：服務(wù)價(jià)格　出處：《華僑大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：近年來中國服務(wù)價(jià)格逐漸上漲,中國城鄉(xiāng)居民生活條件不斷改善,居民的消費(fèi)習(xí)慣逐漸改變。以服務(wù)性消費(fèi)為代表的中高端消費(fèi)比重在逐漸增加,原本的生活必需品消費(fèi)支出比重在逐步下降。因此研究服務(wù)價(jià)格與居民福利的問題很有意義。本文從兩個(gè)角度出發(fā)來分別研究服務(wù)價(jià)格上升與居民福利的問題。首先以加入人口變量的二次幾乎完美需求系統(tǒng)模型為基礎(chǔ),采用歷年中國城市(鎮(zhèn))生活與價(jià)格年鑒中的調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù),對(duì)居民的服務(wù)消費(fèi)行為做了分析;然后在二次幾乎完美需求系統(tǒng)的基礎(chǔ)上引入Minot福利模型,研究了各類服務(wù)價(jià)格上漲對(duì)居民福利的影響。其次,通過主觀幸福感視角,采用2013年中國綜合社會(huì)調(diào)查截面數(shù)據(jù)(China General Social Survey,縮寫CGSS),從整體上研究了服務(wù)價(jià)格上漲對(duì)居民幸福感的影響。利用邊際效應(yīng)分析方法和OrderedProbit模型來分析服務(wù)價(jià)格上升對(duì)居民福利的影響。主要結(jié)論:(1)當(dāng)服務(wù)價(jià)格上漲,則福利效應(yīng)的結(jié)果為負(fù);服務(wù)價(jià)格下降,則福利效應(yīng)的結(jié)果為正。福利結(jié)果的大小主要與服務(wù)價(jià)格上漲率、�？怂箖r(jià)格彈性,居民花費(fèi)在各類服務(wù)消費(fèi)品上的數(shù)額和消費(fèi)比重有關(guān)。比較長短期福利結(jié)果可知長期福利效應(yīng)對(duì)各類服務(wù)價(jià)格波動(dòng)帶來的影響具有緩沖作用,但總的來說效果不明顯。(2)價(jià)格波動(dòng)和各類服務(wù)消費(fèi)價(jià)格彈性的差異,使得各類服務(wù)價(jià)格上漲對(duì)城市居民和農(nóng)村居民的福利損失存在明顯差異。整體上來看,主要由于城市居民的服務(wù)消費(fèi)量大,導(dǎo)致家庭服務(wù)、醫(yī)療服務(wù)和文教娛樂的福利損失值會(huì)大于農(nóng)村居民。而在福利損失百分比上,由于消費(fèi)支出比重的差異和服務(wù)價(jià)格上漲率的不同,農(nóng)村居民在居住類的服務(wù)消費(fèi)福利損失上大于城市居民。(3)服務(wù)價(jià)格的上漲會(huì)明顯降低人們的幸福感,從而導(dǎo)致社會(huì)福利成本較高。平均服務(wù)價(jià)格上漲1%,這需要GDP增長3.8個(gè)點(diǎn)才能彌補(bǔ)。整體上看來,服務(wù)價(jià)格上漲給居民帶來的沖擊影響明顯,導(dǎo)致居民的平均整體幸福感下降1.115%。在對(duì)收入高低分組研究時(shí),可以發(fā)現(xiàn)服務(wù)價(jià)格通脹對(duì)影響幸福感效果是遞減的。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the price of services in China has gradually risen, the living conditions of Chinese urban and rural residents have been continuously improved, and the consumption habits of residents have gradually changed. The proportion of middle-high-end consumption represented by service consumption is gradually increasing. The proportion of consumption expenditure of basic necessities is decreasing gradually. So it is very meaningful to study the problem of service price and resident welfare. This paper studies the problem of service price rising and resident welfare separately from two angles. First of all, based on the quadratic almost perfect demand system model with population variables, Based on the survey data of Chinese city (town) living and price yearbooks over the years, this paper analyzes the service consumption behavior of residents, and then introduces the Minot welfare model on the basis of the second almost perfect demand system. This paper studies the effect of price increase of various kinds of services on the welfare of residents. Secondly, from the perspective of subjective well-being, Based on China General Social Survey data of 2013, this paper studies the effect of service price increase on residents' well-being. Marginal effect analysis method and OrderedProbit model are used to analyze the effect of service price increase on service price. The main conclusion is that when the price of services goes up, The result of welfare effect is negative, and the result of welfare effect is positive. The magnitude of welfare effect is mainly related to the rising rate of service price, Hicks price elasticity, The amount spent by residents on various kinds of service consumer goods is related to the proportion of consumption. Compared with the results of long-term and short-term welfare, it can be seen that long-term welfare effects have a buffer effect on the effects of price fluctuations of various types of services. But on the whole, the effect is not obvious. (2) the fluctuation of price and the difference of price elasticity of consumption of various kinds of services make the increase of price of various kinds of services have obvious difference to the welfare loss of urban residents and rural residents. On the whole, Mainly due to the large consumption of services by urban residents, the welfare losses of family services, medical services, and cultural, educational and recreational services will be greater than those of rural residents. In terms of the percentage of welfare losses, Due to the difference in the proportion of consumer expenditure and the rate of increase in service prices, the increase in service consumption welfare losses of rural residents in the residential category is greater than that in urban residents.) the increase in service prices will significantly reduce people's happiness. Thus, the cost of social welfare is higher. The average service price rises by 1%, which requires an increase of 3.8 points in GDP to make up for it. Overall, the impact of the rise in service prices on residents is obvious. As a result, the average overall well-being of residents decreased by 1.115. In the study of income groups, we can find that service price inflation is decreasing to the effect of well-being.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華僑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F126;F719

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