本文選題：近代工商業(yè)　切入點：哈爾濱　出處：《齊齊哈爾大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：哈爾濱因中東鐵路建設(shè)而興起，因開埠通商而騰飛，由一個小漁村走向了近代化的大都市。19世紀末中東鐵路尚未通車，哈爾濱還是一片散落的村屯，但是中國人對這里不間斷地開發(fā)，已經(jīng)為城市的形成奠定了基礎(chǔ)。隨著1898年中東鐵路的建成及通車，，哈爾濱成為近代城市。開埠通商使得哈爾濱走向了近代化。在開埠之前，哈爾濱就抓住了日俄戰(zhàn)爭的契機，成為物資集散中心。隨著哈爾濱的開埠通商，大量移民在此創(chuàng)辦的企業(yè)，如雨后春筍般，最多時曾達到上千家之多，取得的成就十分輝煌，一度成為“黃金哈埠”。1931年日本發(fā)動“九·一八”事變后，哈爾濱逐漸被日本所控制，部分企業(yè)被日商非法占有，哈爾濱的輝煌也不復(fù)存在。哈爾濱的開埠通商對這座城市的產(chǎn)生了極大的影響，促進了哈爾濱城市的崛起，加快了城市近代化的步伐。 本文從對哈爾濱城市近代化從以下三個方面進行了探討和研究： 首先，近代哈爾濱工商業(yè)城市的興起。清朝時期，滿漢人民在哈爾濱進行農(nóng)業(yè)開墾和漁業(yè)捕撈。隨著中東鐵路的建設(shè)，大量俄國移民和中國商人在哈爾濱投資工商業(yè)，日俄戰(zhàn)爭后哈爾濱抓住機遇，成為了重要物資集散中心。戰(zhàn)爭結(jié)束后，哈爾濱開埠通商，贏得了歷史發(fā)展的機遇。 其次，開埠通商后哈爾濱近代工商業(yè)發(fā)展。開埠通商后的哈爾濱，多國在此進行投資，工商業(yè)活動日益增多，進出口貿(mào)易總額不斷增加，在東北地區(qū)的工商業(yè)中確立了領(lǐng)先地位，產(chǎn)生了許多著名的工商企業(yè)。并對其近代工商業(yè)飛速發(fā)展主要原因進行了探討。 再次，哈爾濱近代工商業(yè)發(fā)展對城市近代化的影響。工商業(yè)的發(fā)展推動了城市近代化進程，使貿(mào)易和金融體系逐漸完善，形成了多層次的產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)，交通運輸業(yè)、教育甚至經(jīng)商理念等方面，都走向近代化。并對其城市近代化進程的若干特點予以剖析。
[Abstract]:Harbin rose because of the construction of the Middle East railway, and took off from a small fishing village to a modern metropolis. At the end of the 19th century, the Middle East railway was not opened to traffic, and Harbin was still a scattered village village. With the completion and opening of the Middle East Railway in 1898, Harbin became a modern city. The opening of ports and commerce led to the modernization of Harbin. Harbin seized the opportunity of the Japanese-Russian war and became the center of material distribution. With the opening of Harbin's port and trade, a large number of enterprises set up by immigrants here, such as bamboo shoots, have reached as many as 1,000 at most, and the achievements have been very brilliant. In 1931, after Japan launched the September 18 incident, Harbin was gradually controlled by Japan, and some enterprises were illegally occupied by Japanese merchants. Harbin's brilliance also no longer exists. The opening and trading of Harbin has had a great impact on the city, promoted the rise of Harbin city, and accelerated the pace of urban modernization. This paper discusses and studies the urban modernization of Harbin from the following three aspects:. First, the rise of industrial and commercial cities in Harbin in modern times. During the Qing Dynasty, the Manchu and Han peoples carried out agricultural reclamation and fishing in Harbin. With the construction of the Middle East railway, a large number of Russian immigrants and Chinese businessmen invested in industry and commerce in Harbin. After the war between Japan and Russia, Harbin seized the opportunity and became the center of important material distribution. After the war, Harbin opened its port for trade and won the opportunity of historical development. Secondly, after the opening of ports and commerce, Harbin's modern industrial and commercial development. After the opening of ports and commerce, Harbin, where many countries invested, industrial and commercial activities were increasing day by day, and the total volume of import and export trade was constantly increasing. It has established a leading position in industry and commerce in Northeast China and produced many famous industrial and commercial enterprises, and the main reasons for its rapid development in modern industry and commerce were discussed. Thirdly, the influence of the industrial and commercial development of Harbin on the modernization of the city. The development of industry and commerce has promoted the process of urban modernization, gradually perfected the trade and financial systems, and formed a multi-level industrial structure, transportation and transportation. Education, even the idea of doing business, all go to modernization, and some characteristics of the process of urban modernization are analyzed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：齊齊哈爾大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F129;F299.29

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