本文選題：中部省域　切入點：城市首位度　出處：《南昌大學(xué)》2014年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：區(qū)域經(jīng)濟學(xué)中，城市首位度是關(guān)于城市規(guī)模分布的重要理論，特別是對于大城市在區(qū)域發(fā)展中的地位，首位度是較為權(quán)威的衡量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。而區(qū)域經(jīng)濟發(fā)展過程中，隨著工業(yè)化進程的不斷提升，一種重要的城市化現(xiàn)象是以首位城市、中心城市為帶動的發(fā)展道路，由首位城市為核心的城市群作為區(qū)域發(fā)展的重要載體，憑借其集聚效應(yīng)和輻射作用，來推動區(qū)域經(jīng)濟快速增長�；谏鲜鰞牲c，進一步深入到我國區(qū)域發(fā)展進程中，一種城市化差異現(xiàn)象值得關(guān)注：東部發(fā)達地區(qū)的各省域內(nèi)一般都存在著兩個發(fā)展水平相近的城市，即存在一個在規(guī)模、實力等方面均可同省會城市相互競爭、相互協(xié)調(diào)的副中心城市，而中部地區(qū)發(fā)展的各省域則普遍呈現(xiàn)出省會城市獨大的局面，各省域中幾乎沒有次級城市可同省會發(fā)展相提并論，而中部區(qū)域的發(fā)展水平同東部地區(qū)相比依然存在一定的差距。那么，這種城市結(jié)構(gòu)的差異同經(jīng)濟發(fā)展水平之間是否存在必然的聯(lián)系？對此，以中部各省域為研究范圍，以城市首位度同區(qū)域經(jīng)濟增長的關(guān)系為研究對象，探索二者之間的作用機理，并提出科學(xué)、高效的城市發(fā)展對策。 根據(jù)上述研究視角和研究思路，本研究的主要內(nèi)容和成果有以下幾個方面： 第一，奠定研究的理論基礎(chǔ)。系統(tǒng)梳理了有關(guān)城市首位度的國內(nèi)外研究理論、現(xiàn)有的研究成果，并重點對中心城市、城市結(jié)構(gòu)體系等的相關(guān)理論進行了綜述和總結(jié)，同時選取了中部地區(qū)的部分城市發(fā)展相關(guān)文獻進行了評述，現(xiàn)有的相關(guān)文獻表明，專門研究城市首位度同經(jīng)濟增長的文獻較少，并僅將首位度作為一種研究工具，，并未深入到經(jīng)濟因素的深層次中，以至于對其最優(yōu)規(guī)模的探討甚少，這也是本研究的重要突破口。 第二，首位城市現(xiàn)狀分析。利用競爭力的一般評價模型，通過建立中部省域首位城市的競爭力評價指標(biāo)體系，對各首位城市當(dāng)前的發(fā)展實力進行比較，運用因子分析方法，對中部省域首位城市發(fā)展實力進行了排名，結(jié)果顯示，武漢和長沙的城市實力最強，其次為鄭州、合肥和南昌，太原則相對較弱。同時，總結(jié)出中部省域首位城市當(dāng)前面臨的突出問題，如產(chǎn)業(yè)協(xié)調(diào)和區(qū)域合作程度較低、職能分工不明確、生態(tài)環(huán)境威脅嚴(yán)重等。 第三，城市首位度變化規(guī)律。通過建立中部省域人口首位度和經(jīng)濟增長首位度的時間序列方程，對比于現(xiàn)實的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展情況，發(fā)現(xiàn)中部省域首位度同經(jīng)濟增長并不完全符合“威廉姆森—漢森假說”中的倒“U”型曲線，進而對該理論進行了補充和完善，即認(rèn)為其存在一種靜態(tài)性的假設(shè)條件，可視為區(qū)域經(jīng)濟理論中的一種長期的發(fā)展規(guī)律，首位度的發(fā)展變化更多的是由內(nèi)在資源配置效率趨同的規(guī)律所支配。 第四，城市首位度與經(jīng)濟增長的關(guān)系。首先解決了城市首位度同經(jīng)濟增長關(guān)系的存在性問題，通過因果關(guān)系檢驗，證實中部省域的城市首位度的確是經(jīng)濟增長的原因之一，且更多地體現(xiàn)在對人均GDP的影響上，人力資本的集聚依然推動經(jīng)濟增長；由于城市首位度的經(jīng)濟貢獻存在滯后，中部欠發(fā)達地區(qū)仍需要對資源進行合理配置、對技術(shù)消化吸收，適當(dāng)?shù)靥岣呒垡?guī)模實現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟快速增長。其次分析了首位度與經(jīng)濟增長關(guān)系的趨勢性，以簡單線性圖標(biāo)識出中部省域二者之間的相互關(guān)系，形成中部省域的“威廉姆森曲線”（水平“S”型、倒“U”型或單調(diào)增長型），探索性地分析出二者在中期發(fā)展階段內(nèi)的關(guān)系趨勢。 第五，城市首位度最優(yōu)規(guī)模。結(jié)合區(qū)域經(jīng)濟增長的其他因素，構(gòu)建包括城市首位度在內(nèi)的區(qū)域經(jīng)濟增長模型，通過閾值回歸分析方法，得出各省域城市首位度的最優(yōu)規(guī)模值。研究結(jié)果找出了部分省域的最優(yōu)值，不存在閾值的湖北、湖南兩省表明其首位城市對經(jīng)濟增長的作用平穩(wěn)，無明顯波動，河南、安徽兩省需要進一步優(yōu)化城市布局結(jié)構(gòu)，江西和山西在最優(yōu)規(guī)模上均具有較高值，體現(xiàn)出經(jīng)濟欠發(fā)達地區(qū)的首位型城市集聚特征仍是不斷增強的，從另一個方面也證實江西實施“打造南昌核心增長極”的政策取得一定成效。同時，首位度作為經(jīng)濟因素進行研究的局限性也有所體現(xiàn)。 第六，區(qū)域經(jīng)濟增長的效率。為明確未來中部省域在城市集聚的重點內(nèi)容，以資源配置效率為研究對象，分析中部省域在經(jīng)濟投入要素上的利用程度，總結(jié)其配置效率的高低，得出中部省域普遍處于規(guī)模效益遞增階段，生產(chǎn)要素和生產(chǎn)效率均可進一步提升經(jīng)濟增長速度，同時人口（勞動力）要素的數(shù)量提升對經(jīng)濟增長效率顯然較低。首位城市發(fā)展要改變傳統(tǒng)人口、規(guī)模簡單擴張的理念，以廣義的人力資本概念為準(zhǔn)，通過技術(shù)創(chuàng)新等實現(xiàn)全要素生產(chǎn)率，規(guī)模的有效提升要依靠人力、資本和技術(shù)的綜合集中以及資源的有效利用、高效配置。 第七，首位城市同區(qū)域經(jīng)濟增長的機理。重點研究中部省域首位城市發(fā)展同經(jīng)濟增長之間的內(nèi)在關(guān)系與機制，根據(jù)首位城市所具有的區(qū)域集聚功能、輻射功能，總結(jié)出首位城市在區(qū)域經(jīng)濟發(fā)展過程中的動力機理、傳遞機理和協(xié)調(diào)機理。分別運用傳統(tǒng)定性分析中的要素機理關(guān)系圖和系統(tǒng)動力學(xué)中的成長上限基模、富者愈富基模以及“惡性競爭”基模，建立了首位度對經(jīng)濟增長的作用機理模型，較系統(tǒng)地描述了首位城市在區(qū)域發(fā)展中各要素的相互作用關(guān)系，針對中部省域首位城市，提出了產(chǎn)業(yè)對接、政策協(xié)調(diào)、互聯(lián)互通、生態(tài)保護和城市服務(wù)五個方面的科學(xué)發(fā)展機制。 第八，綜合實證和機理的研究結(jié)論，在總結(jié)發(fā)達地區(qū)首位城市發(fā)展經(jīng)驗的基礎(chǔ)上，提出中部首位城市未來發(fā)展的對策體系，重點優(yōu)化城市布局、推進產(chǎn)城融合、推動城鄉(xiāng)一體化、完善城市服務(wù)體系和創(chuàng)新體系、加強生態(tài)環(huán)境保護，以及建設(shè)跨省域城市群，由此明確了中部省域首位城市的重點建設(shè)和改革內(nèi)容。 綜上，通過探究城市首位度同經(jīng)濟增長之間的關(guān)系，從理論和實證兩個方面的研究，系統(tǒng)闡述了中部省域首位城市在區(qū)域經(jīng)濟中的發(fā)展?fàn)顟B(tài)和規(guī)律，比較分析了各省域的異同點，形成了研究視角和研究觀點的創(chuàng)新，豐富并完善了區(qū)域經(jīng)濟中的城市群理論和城市規(guī)模理論，試圖對城市發(fā)展理論做出深度和廣度的延伸；同時希望可以給中部省域內(nèi)首位城市與外圍城市之間的協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展提供一種思路，以促進中部地區(qū)城市群建設(shè)水平的提升，走出中部省域各具特色的城市化發(fā)展道路。
[Abstract]:In regional economics, city primacy is about the important theory of city size distribution, especially for the status of city in the regional development, the first is the authoritative standard. But in the process of regional economic development, with the development of industrialization of continuous improvement, an important phenomenon is the first city to city center. City development driven by the first city, as the core of the city agglomeration as an important carrier of regional development, with its agglomeration effect and radiation effect, to promote the rapid growth of the regional economy. Based on the above two points, further to China's regional development process, a city difference phenomenon worthy of attention: the provincial the eastern region in general there are two close to the level of development of the city, there is one on the scale, strength and other aspects can be with the capital city of mutual competition, mutual coordination of vice The center of the city, and the development of the central region of the provincial capital city are generally showing a dominant situation, the provincial almost no secondary city can be compared with the development of the capital, and the development level of the central region compared with the eastern region still exists a certain gap. So, whether there is a causal link between the difference of the structure of the same city the level of economic development in the central provinces? In this regard, the scope of the study, the relationship between degree of the first city with regional economic growth as the research object, to explore the mechanism between the two, and put forward the scientific and efficient city development strategies.
According to the above research perspective and research ideas, the main contents and results of this study are as follows:
First, lay a theoretical foundation for the study. Systematically reviews the theory about the degree of the first city at home and abroad, the existing research results, and focus on the center of the city, and also reviews the related theory of city structure system, and selected the city central area of the development of relevant literatures were reviewed, the existing literature the research shows that special city of the first degree of economic growth with little literature, and only the first degree as a research tool, not deep into the deep economic factors, so that to explore the optimal scale is very little, which is an important breakthrough in this research.
Second, analysis of the status quo. The first city general evaluation model based on competitiveness, through the establishment of the central provincial first city competitiveness evaluation index system, comparing the current development strength of each city first, using the method of factor analysis, the central provincial city first development strength were ranked and the results show that the city of Wuhan and Changsha the strongest, followed by Zhengzhou, Hefei and Nanchang, Taiyuan is relatively weak. At the same time, summed up the problems of the central provincial city first confronted with, such as industrial coordination and regional cooperation degree is low, not clear division of functions, ecological environment and serious threat.
Third, law of the primate city change. By establishing the time series equation of central provincial population and economic growth in the first degree of economic development, in contrast to the reality of the central provincial first degree with economic growth does not fully comply with the "Williamson Hansen hypothesis" inverted "U" curve, and the theory of supplement and perfect, that the assumption of a static characteristic, can be regarded as a long-term development of regional economic theory, the development and change of the first degree is governed by more internal resources allocation efficiency of convergence of the law.
Fourth, the relationship between city primacy and economic growth. The first solution to the city's first degree of the relationship between economic growth and the existence of the problem, through the Granger causality test, confirmed the central provincial city of the first degree is one of the causes of economic growth, and more reflected in the impact on the per capita GDP, the concentration of human capital is still to promote economic growth; the economic contribution degree of the first city lags behind, the underdeveloped areas in Central China still needs the rational allocation of resources, the absorption of technology digestion, properly increasing the agglomeration scale to achieve rapid economic growth. Then analyzes the trend of the relationship between the first degree and economic growth, the relationship between a simple linear labelling of the the province of the two, the Williamson curve to form the central provincial "(the" S "type, inverted" U "type or monotonic growth), exploratory analysis of the two in the middle The relationship trend in the stage of development.
Fifth, city primacy optimal scale. Other factors combined with regional economic growth, regional economic growth model including the city of the first degree, by threshold regression analysis method, the optimal size of the provincial city of the first degree value. The research results and find the best part of provincial values, there is no threshold for the Hubei, Hunan two the province shows that the first city on the role of economic growth is stable, no significant fluctuations, Henan, Anhui two provinces need to further optimize the structure of the layout of the city, Jiangxi and Shanxi are in the optimal scale has high value, reflecting the first city in underdeveloped areas is still increasing agglomeration characteristics, on the other hand also confirmed Jiangxi implementation of the "Nanchang to build the core growth pole" policy has achieved certain effect. At the same time, the limitations of the first degree as economic factors studied are also reflected.
Sixth, the efficiency of regional economic growth. As a clear future middle area is the key content in the city agglomeration, the efficiency of resource allocation as the research object, analysis of the central province in the domain of economic input factors on the degree of utilization, summarizes its allocation efficiency, the central provinces are generally at the stage of increasing returns to scale, production factors and production efficiency can further enhance the speed of economic growth, and the population (labor force) the number of elements to enhance the efficiency of economic growth is lower. The first to change the traditional development of city population, the size of a simple expansion of the concept of generalized to the concept of human capital as the standard, through technological innovation to achieve the total factor productivity, effectively enhance the scale to rely on human comprehensive, effective use of capital and technology intensive and efficient allocation of resources.
Seventh, the mechanism of the first city with regional economic growth. Focus on the central provincial city first development internal relations and mechanism between economic growth and agglomeration according to the function, the first city of the regional radiation function, summed up the first city development dynamic mechanism in the process of regional economy, transfer mechanism and coordination mechanism respectively. Using the upper growth limit base model diagram and system dynamics mechanism of elements in the traditional qualitative analysis, getting richer model and "vicious competition" model, establishes a model of the first degree on economic growth mechanism, systematically describes the interaction between the various elements of the first city in the regional development in the middle. The first provincial city, put forward industrial docking, policy coordination, interoperability, scientific development mechanism of the five aspects of ecological protection and city services.
Eighth, conclusion and empirical mechanism, based on the summary of the first city development experience of developed areas, put forward the countermeasure system of the future development of the city central first, focus on optimizing the layout of the city, to promote the integration of city and promote the integration of urban and rural areas, improve the city service system and innovation system, strengthen the protection of the ecological environment, and the construction of inter provincial domain city group, a clear focus on the construction and reformation of the central provincial first city.
In summary, through exploring the relationship between city primacy and economic growth from two aspects of theory and empirical research, the system elaborated in the regional economic development in the central provincial city and the first state law, a comparative analysis of the similarities and differences between the provincial, the formation of innovative research perspective and research ideas, enrich and perfect the regional economy in city group theory and city scale theory, trying to make extension of the depth and breadth of the city development theory; at the same time, I hope to provide a way to coordinate development between city and peripheral city first middle domain, in order to promote the construction of city groups in the central area to enhance the level of development of the central city road out of provincial characteristic.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：南昌大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F299.27;F127

【參考文獻】

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