本文選題：OFDI　切入點：地理分布　出處：《地理學(xué)報》2017年08期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：利用2004-2014年中國在OFDI(Outward Foreign Direct Investment,對外直接投資)的4616家企業(yè)數(shù)據(jù),分析了其行業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)特征、地理分布特征及其變動,建立了東道國的屬性特征和東道國—母國的關(guān)系特征相融合的OFDI區(qū)位決定模型,定量識別了中國在美洲OFDI的國別決定因素及其行業(yè)間差異。研究發(fā)現(xiàn):(1)中國在美洲OFDI的國家分布高度集中,行業(yè)主體是服務(wù)業(yè),國有企業(yè)為主導(dǎo)投資者,私營企業(yè)投資地位不高。但隨時間推移,國家分布趨于離散,制造業(yè)地位提升、服務(wù)業(yè)地位下降,私營企業(yè)比重上升。(2)國內(nèi)制造業(yè)企業(yè)是中國在美洲OFDI的投資主體,且投資行業(yè)高度集中于批發(fā)零售、商務(wù)服務(wù)、進(jìn)出口貿(mào)易,這是制造業(yè)企業(yè)構(gòu)建國際價值增長鏈,參與全球化的客觀表現(xiàn),印證了其逐步且連續(xù)的國際擴(kuò)張歷程。與制造業(yè)公司向服務(wù)領(lǐng)域的延伸不同,進(jìn)出口貿(mào)易公司、商務(wù)服務(wù)公司側(cè)重于原有主營業(yè)務(wù)優(yōu)勢的拓展。(3)關(guān)系變量的引入,有效提升了OFDI國家差別的解釋力度。出口顯著促進(jìn)了OFDI,符合互補(bǔ)模型的表現(xiàn),預(yù)示著中國在美洲的OFDI仍處于熟悉海外市場的初始階段。在這一階段,良好且緊密的政治社會關(guān)系能有效促進(jìn)OFDI,并且民間力量的推動遜色于國家力量的推動。(4)中國在美洲的OFDI,市場尋求動機(jī)最為明顯,能源獲取動機(jī)、技術(shù)獲取動機(jī)、降低生產(chǎn)成本的動機(jī),沒有獲得模型的充分確認(rèn)。(5)與批發(fā)零售業(yè)、商務(wù)服務(wù)業(yè)、制造業(yè)追求市場規(guī)模的共性不同,地質(zhì)勘查與開發(fā)業(yè)更側(cè)重于資源尋求,并由此決定了良好政治關(guān)系以及國有企業(yè)的特殊重要性。
[Abstract]:Based on the data of 4616 Chinese enterprises in OFDI(Outward Foreign Direct Investment (OFDI) from 2004 to 2014, this paper analyzes the characteristics of industry structure, geographical distribution and their changes. The OFDI location determination model is established, which combines the attributes of host country and the relationship between host country and home country. The paper quantitatively identifies the determinants of China's OFDI in the Americas and the differences between industries. The study found that China is highly concentrated in the countries of OFDI in the Americas. The main industry is the service industry, and the state-owned enterprises are the leading investors. The investment status of private enterprises is not high. But over time, the distribution of countries tends to be dispersed, the status of manufacturing industry increases, the status of service industry drops, and the proportion of private enterprises increases.) domestic manufacturing enterprises are the main investment bodies of China in OFDI in the Americas. And the investment industry is highly concentrated in wholesale and retail, business services, import and export trade. This is the objective manifestation of manufacturing enterprises to build international value growth chain and participate in globalization. It confirms its gradual and continuous process of international expansion. Different from the extension of manufacturing companies to the service field, import and export trading companies and business service companies focus on the expansion of the original main business advantages. Export significantly promoted OFDI, consistent with the performance of complementary model, indicating that China's OFDI in the Americas is still in the initial stage of familiarity with overseas markets. Good and close political and social relations can effectively promote the OFDI, and the promotion of folk forces is inferior to that of the national forces.) in China's OFDI in the Americas, market motivation is most obvious, energy acquisition motivation, technology motivation, The motivation of reducing production cost is not fully confirmed by the model. It is different from wholesale and retail trade, business service industry and manufacturing industry in pursuing the generality of market scale. Geological exploration and development industry is more focused on resource seeking. And thus determine good political relations and the special importance of state-owned enterprises.
【作者單位】： 首都師范大學(xué)資源環(huán)境與旅游學(xué)院;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(41571154)~~
【分類號】：F125;F279.2

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