本文關(guān)鍵詞： 收入分配 制度因素 財產(chǎn)性收入 戶籍制度 再分配不公　出處：《南京大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：當(dāng)前,我國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展迅速,人民生活水平不斷提高,但是我國富裕階層人數(shù)少,所占的收入比重卻很高,中產(chǎn)階層人數(shù)所占比重也少,比重較高的是收入處于中低水平的人群。因此就呈現(xiàn)出收入分配不均的現(xiàn)象,這樣的結(jié)構(gòu)會導(dǎo)致社會不穩(wěn)定,從而陷入“中等收入陷阱”。現(xiàn)在,很多文獻(xiàn)都研究了影響收入分配差距的因素和對策,收入分配問題早已是研究的熱點,但從制度層面剖析的研究還有待進(jìn)一步深入。本文以制度為主線,首先對國內(nèi)外研究收入分配的文獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行概述,再對收入分配的內(nèi)涵、收入分配差距及其測度的相關(guān)概念、制度性因素界定、收入分配以及新制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的相關(guān)理論進(jìn)行介紹,并分析了我國居民收入分配差距的現(xiàn)狀以及差距擴(kuò)大會產(chǎn)生的影響,在此基礎(chǔ)上,從要素市場的制度性扭曲,戶籍制度制約、社會再分配過程中調(diào)節(jié)不公、政府不規(guī)范行為這幾個方面闡述了制度因素影響收入分配差距的具體表現(xiàn),將戶籍制度導(dǎo)致勞動力市場扭曲、政府財政支出城市偏向性、制度因素導(dǎo)致效率差異、要素市場流動不徹底導(dǎo)致財產(chǎn)性收入差距擴(kuò)大等制度因素引入,構(gòu)建了一個理論模型,并利用2000-2011年中國31個省、市、自治區(qū)的面板數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行實證檢驗,得出相關(guān)結(jié)論：促進(jìn)要素市場平衡發(fā)展,提高居民的財產(chǎn)性收入有助于縮小差距；戶籍制度制約勞動力的自由流動,不利于收入分配差距的縮�。簩Τ擎�(zhèn)居民的轉(zhuǎn)移支付大于對農(nóng)村居民的轉(zhuǎn)移支付,則會擴(kuò)大收入差距；增加財政支出,包括教育支出也有助于縮小差距；國有經(jīng)濟(jì)比重與收入分配差距的大小之間沒有很大的因果關(guān)系。本文在最后提出,初次分配中要注重發(fā)展的效率,促進(jìn)要素市場發(fā)展完善,使生產(chǎn)要素自由流動,消除要素市場的制度性扭曲,提高居民財產(chǎn)性收入,促進(jìn)居民財產(chǎn)分布的均等化。從根本上改革戶籍制度,促進(jìn)勞動力自由流動,再分配過程中要注重公平性,規(guī)范政府行為,懲治腐敗。
[Abstract]:At present, China's rapid economic development, people's living standards continue to improve, but the number of rich class in our country, the proportion of income is very high, the middle class is also a small proportion. The higher proportion is in the middle and low income groups. Therefore, the phenomenon of income distribution is uneven, such a structure will lead to social instability, thus falling into the "middle-income trap." now. Many literatures have studied the factors and countermeasures that affect the income distribution gap. The income distribution problem has already been the research hot spot, but the research from the system level analysis still needs to be further deepened. This article takes the system as the main line. First of all, the domestic and foreign research on income distribution literature is summarized, then the connotation of income distribution, income distribution gap and its measurement related concepts, institutional factors are defined. Income distribution and the relevant theories of new institutional economics are introduced, and the current situation of income distribution gap and the impact of the gap will be analyzed. On this basis, the institutional distortion of factor market is analyzed. Household registration system constraints, social redistribution in the adjustment of unfair, government non-standard behavior these aspects of the system factors affecting the specific performance of income distribution gap, the household registration system will lead to the distortion of the labor market. This paper constructs a theoretical model by introducing some institutional factors, such as the urban bias of government fiscal expenditure, institutional factors leading to the difference in efficiency, and the incomplete flow of factor markets leading to the widening of property income gap. Using panel data of 31 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in China from 2000 to 2011, the empirical test is carried out, and the relevant conclusions are drawn: to promote the balanced development of factor market. Raising the residents' property income helps to narrow the gap; The household registration system restricts the free movement of labor force, which is not conducive to the narrowing of the income distribution gap: the transfer payment to the urban residents is larger than the transfer payment to the rural residents, and the income gap will be enlarged; Increased fiscal spending, including expenditure on education, has also helped to narrow the gap; There is no great causal relationship between the proportion of state-owned economy and the gap of income distribution. At the end of this paper, we should pay attention to the efficiency of development in the initial distribution and promote the development of factor market. To free the flow of factors of production, eliminate the institutional distortion of the factor market, improve the income of residents property, promote the equalization of the distribution of household property, fundamentally reform the household registration system, promote the free movement of labor force. In the process of redistribution, we should pay attention to fairness, standardize government behavior and punish corruption.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F124.7

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本文編號：1483891